South Korea Embarks on Wholesale CBDC Pilot Program

dtcpay, a regulated and licensed digital payment services provider headquartered in Singapore, has announced that it is changing direction, and adopting a stablecoin-only digital payments model. Phasing out Bitcoin, EtherThe company set out details of its new stablecoin-only approach in a series of posts on X on Dec. 3. dtcpay will phase out support for other cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ether by the end of 2024. It will then transition to the exclusive use of stablecoins, starting with Tether (USDT) and Circle’s USD Coin (USDC). Additionally, FDUSD, a U.S. dollar stablecoin issued by Hong Kong’s First Digital, and Worldwide USD (WUSD), a stablecoin which was developed by the Worldwide Stablecoin Payment Network (WSPN), a Singapore-based project, will be supported.Photo by CoinWire Japan on UnsplashVolatility issuesdtcpay cited the volatility of non-stablecoin cryptos as being an issue for payments. Volatility is driving the company’s plan to concentrate solely on stablecoins. Outlining its rationale further, the company stated: “By transitioning to focus dtcpay’s #DPT services purely on #stablecoins, we are setting the stage for the future of global, digital payments. This move is designed to provide our customers with a more reliable, scalable, & secure payment experience.” A significant portion of the firm’s transaction volume is already stablecoin-based. On that basis, the move can be viewed as aligning with the preferences of its current user base to a large extent. Originally established in 2019 by Alice Liu, Band Zhao and Sam Lin as Digital Treasures Center Pte. Ltd., the company later rebranded as dtcpay. In August 2022, the firm was awarded a full Major Payment Institution (MPI) license by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. In 2023, the company collaborated with Singaporean data-sharing platform PlatON and Chinese payments firm Allinpay, to launch a payments system using point-of-sale terminals which accepted Bitcoin, Ethereum and USDT. Asian expansiondtcpay has set out its objective as aiming to unify payment methods across Asia for the benefit of merchants and consumers alike. Last year, it identified Hong Kong and Dubai as locations of particular interest relative to the company’s expansion plans. In October, it furthered its international presence with the opening of an office in Kuala Lumpur. In an effort to make further in-roads into the payments sector, dtcpay announced a strategic partnership with Visa in September. The integration allows dtcpay to gain access to Visa’s global network of 130 million merchants across 200 countries. As part of the partnership, the company is rolling out its dtcpay Visa Infinite card, enabling users to convert digital currencies to fiat at competitive rates. In 2023, the company raised $16.5 million in a pre-series A funding round led by real estate development company Pontiac Land Group, which is controlled by Singaporean billionaire Kwee Liong Tek.

China’s Crypto Crackdown Reveals Capital Control LoopholesChinese authorities have been stepping up their efforts to crack down on cryptocurrency-related crimes, and with that, uncovering how digital currencies are being used to bypass strict capital controls imposed by Beijing.China may be a few years into a crackdown against the use of cryptocurrencies but despite that, their use and particularly their use for illicit purposes continue. That’s according to a report on Wednesday by the South China Morning Post (SCMP).Photo by Christian Lue on UnsplashCombating capital outflowsThe rising trend of capital outflows has prompted Chinese authorities to take action. Two prominent cases illustrate the extent of these illegal activities and the value of assets seized.In Jingmen, a city in Hubei province, police disclosed details of an online gambling case involving digital currencies used to evade regulation. The case has implicated over 50,000 individuals and a turnover of billions of dollars. Although the specific virtual currency was not mentioned, authorities revealed that they had frozen multiple accounts with a combined value of $160 million.Meanwhile, in Shanxi province, police solved a money laundering case linked to 380 million yuan worth of USDT, the US dollar stablecoin issued by Tether. China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange is responsible for monitoring cross-border capital flows. Accordingly, it has taken steps to curb these illicit activities. Late last month, it fined ten firms in order to maintain order in the forex market.Digital yuan developmentThese recent cryptocurrency cases have exposed loopholes in China’s capital control system. Crypto mining and trading have long been banned by Chinese regulators. As an alternative, China has been actively developing its own central bank digital currency (CBDC), known as the digital yuan or e-CNY. 2023 has seen a raft of measures taken by various regional administrators throughout China to bring about further e-CNY adoption.However, the ban on cryptocurrencies and the launch of the e-CNY have driven many miners and traders underground or to overseas locations such as Hong Kong, which ironically, is vying to become a cryptocurrency hub. The continued depreciation of the yuan against the US dollar has intensified capital outflow pressures.Chinese bonds sell-offInternationally, fund managers have been selling significant amounts of Chinese securities since 2021. That goes against the current regional trend which sees emerging Asian markets experiencing substantial inflows of funds during the same period, according to the Institute of International Finance.That market activity has been in response to Chinese policies and escalating US-China tensions. An Atlantic Council report highlights that international institutional investors have been net sellers of approximately 1 trillion yuan in Chinese bonds since early 2022.China’s efforts to control capital outflows and stabilize the yuan’s value face ongoing challenges, as cryptocurrency-related crimes persist. While the crackdown exposes weaknesses in the country’s capital control system, it also underscores the difficulty authorities will have globally in trying to control digital currency use.

Japanese cabinet approves crypto tax reformThe Japanese government has green-lit an amendment to its fiscal 2024 tax reform plan, specifically targeting the taxation of companies holding third-party-issued cryptocurrencies.Photo by Louie Martinez on UnsplashIntroducing tax exemptionAccording to local news sources, this amendment brings about a crucial change by exempting such companies from the year-end mark-to-market valuation tax.The Fiscal Year 2024 Tax Reform Outline, now approved by the Japanese cabinet, marks a departure from the previous tax regime. Under the new framework, companies holding crypto assets will no longer be subjected to mark-to-market valuation at the end of the fiscal year. Instead, they will be taxed solely on the actual profits realized from the sale of virtual currencies and tokens.Alleviating the tax burdenThe primary motivation behind this amendment is to alleviate the tax burden on corporations engaged in the holding and operation of crypto assets. Previously, corporations holding third-party-issued cryptocurrencies were required to record profits or losses based on the difference between market value and book value at the end of the fiscal year. The new reform, however, exempts assets assumed to be held continuously from this mark-to-market valuation.News of moves to implement such reform emerged at the beginning of December. At the time, a report by Nikkei Asia suggested that Japanese lawmakers were working towards addressing issues related to crypto taxation. Japanese regulator, the Financial Services Agency (FSA) had first proposed such changes to the tax code via a 16-page submission on Aug. 31.Signaling investor-friendly approachThis policy shift aligns the taxation of companies with the tax system applicable to individual investors, signaling a more investor-friendly approach. Lawmakers from the Liberal Democratic Party and their coalition partner Komeito had reportedly considered a proposal to exempt corporations from taxes on unrealized crypto gains. This move is seen as Japan’s effort to boost liquidity in the market, putting it in line with other Asian regions striving to become prominent centers of crypto activity.The amendment, influenced by the Japan Cryptoasset Business Association’s (JCBA) call for tax reform, is anticipated to stimulate the growth of local startup businesses utilizing blockchain technology and attract international projects to the Japanese market.The proposal is set to be presented at the regular session of the National Diet (Japan’s national legislature) in January of the upcoming year, where it will require approval from both the House of Representatives and the House of Councilors.Notably, the Fiscal Year 2024 Tax Reform Outline encompasses a broader spectrum of economic policies, including a plan to reduce income tax and resident tax by 40,000 yen per person from June 2024 onwards.News of the crypto tax reform has been well-received by most industry commentators and market participants. Daiki Moriyama, Director of Singapore-based gaming blockchain project Oasys, reacted positively to the development. He told The Block:“The fact that the Japanese government has demonstrated its willingness to grow Web3 business by enacting tax reform for the second year in a row is extremely important to all Web3 business stakeholders around the world.”