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A couple of days have passed since the 22nd general election took place in South Korea, whose results have disappointed President Yoon Seok-yeol and the country's ruling People Power Party (PPP). The main opposition Democratic Party of Korea (DPK) won the election in a landslide, securing a total of 175 seats out of 300 in the National Assembly.   Now, with the DPK set to continue exerting control over the National Assembly, financial industry insiders are focusing on whether the liberal party will stick to its campaign pledges to ease regulations on cryptocurrencies and related products – most notably, approving investment and trading of spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) within the country, according to media outlet Yonhap Infomax. Ever since the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) approved spot Bitcoin ETFs in January, interest surrounding such products has intensified among Korean investors. Photo by Alesia Kozik on PexelHowever, the Korean Financial Services Commission (FSC) has been reluctant to approve such spot ETFs, citing the potential risk of such approval violating the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act. Various pledges to ease crypto regulations The DPK, in response, has introduced several campaign pledges aimed at easing crypto regulations, both to win votes from younger Koreans – especially those in their 20s and 30s who make up a significant portion of crypto investors in the country – and to bolster the local crypto market. Among these pledges was to include virtual asset ETFs in Individual Savings Account (ISA), which would enhance tax breaks for crypto gains. Another notable pledge was to deduct taxes on crypto gains worth up to KRW 50 million (approximately $36,560). Under the current law, only crypto gains within the limit of KRW 2.5 million qualify for the tax deduction. One local crypto insider commented on the outcome of the general election, saying that the industry will need to keep an eye on how the situation surrounding crypto regulations develops, as easing such regulations was one of the key promises the DPK made during the election campaign period.   Still, long way ahead for Korea to approve spot Bitcoin ETFsMeanwhile, CryptoQuant CEO Ki Young Ju left a comment yesterday on the X (formerly Twitter) post written by crypto analyst MartyParty, which reads, "South Korea has approved spot Bitcoin ETFs."  Ju pointed out that South Korea still has "a long way to go" when it comes to approving spot Bitcoin ETFs, noting that just because "the Bitcoin-friendly Democratic Party," or the DPK, won the general election doesn't mean that financial regulators have approved such products.  

Research Finds Over 90% of Korean Cryptos Prone to Pump-and-Dump SchemesThe Korea Institute of Finance (KIF) has released a report revealing that 91.3% of South Korean-issued cryptocurrencies, known as “kimchi coins,” are prone to pump-and-dump (P&D) schemes. These schemes involve intentionally spreading false information on social media platforms to manipulate token prices. This is done with the intention of selling the tokens at artificially inflated prices.Photo by Maxim Hopman on UnsplashP&D prevalenceThese manipulative practices were frequently observed during the rapid growth of the cryptocurrency market from 2020 to 2022. Previous research papers indicate that P&D schemes commonly occur on multiple crypto exchanges and typically unfold within a time frame of 10 minutes. It has been observed that cryptocurrencies with lower liquidity and smaller market capitalization are particularly vulnerable to becoming prime targets for these schemes.Korean market and global marketThe Korean cryptocurrency market stands out with its significant number of cryptocurrencies listed on a single exchange, including kimchi coins. This distinction becomes evident when comparing it to the global market. In the Korean market, the top 10 global cryptocurrencies, ranked by their market capitalization, account for 59% of the total market share. Meanwhile, in the global market, they represent 84.9%. This contrast indicates that the Korean market has a larger proportion of alternative coins, also known as altcoins, which are more susceptible to pump-and-dump schemes and other manipulative activities.According to a survey conducted by the Financial Services Commission in the second half of 2022, there were a total of 625 listed coins (excluding duplicate listings), with 389 (62.24%) of them being listed on a single exchange. Among these single-exchange listed cryptos, 223 were kimchi coins, which is equivalent to 57%.OHLCV data analysisIn this KIF paper, research analyst Baik Yeon-ju delved into abnormal price patterns within the Korean cryptocurrency market. She analyzed the hourly Open-High-Low-Close-Volume (OHLCV) data of kimchi coins in October 2021. The study revealed that out of a total of 16,560 hourly price and volume observations, approximately 4.7% exhibited characteristics consistent with P&D schemes. Baik noted that 91.3% (21 of the 23) observed kimchi coins witnessed such movements.Legislative effortsMeanwhile, it is encouraging that the South Korean National Assembly passed the Virtual Asset User Protection Bill during its plenary session on June 30. This legislation, set to go effective in July next year, aims to provide protection for customers’ assets in the virtual asset space. The act not only establishes regulations to combat unfair trading practices but also enforces penalties for non-compliance.Call for further measuresHowever, Baik suggested that policies should be further strengthened to enhance investor protection within the crypto market. In order to achieve this, she proposed the implementation of a monitoring system for virtual asset service operators (VASPs) and the allocation of inspection and investigation personnel, as well as technical resources. It is also necessary to address potential conflicts that may arise with the Act on Real Name Financial Transactions and Confidentiality, particularly if the data required from VASPs falls under the classification of financial transaction information and personal information.Furthermore, considering the lack of transparency surrounding many altcoins regarding their projects and exchange listings, Baik suggests that the upcoming second virtual asset bill should tackle this issue by regulating the issuance and disclosure of these cryptocurrencies. Additionally, she highlighted the importance of conducting research based on empirical data to detect abnormal transactions. This approach enables the recognition of existing issues and the acquisition of concrete evidence, which serves as a credible basis for policymakers to enact relevant legislation.

Blockchain Council Exec: Philippines Poised for Crypto AdoptionDonald Lim, the Founder of the Blockchain Council of the Philippines (BCP), believes that the country has all the necessary elements for mainstream crypto and blockchain adoption.In a recent interview with Cointelegraph, Lim discussed the potential for crypto adoption in the Philippines and explained why he is optimistic about the success of blockchain projects in the country.Photo by Krisia on PexelsFinding its place in blockchainAccording to Lim, the BCP recognized the global shift towards Web3 and organized the Philippine Blockchain Week to explore the ecosystem’s potential. That activity revealed to the organizers that the country has a vibrant community eager to find its place in the world of blockchain. Lim expressed confidence in the Philippines becoming the blockchain capital of Asia, citing the country’s technical expertise, young population with a median age of 25, and its ability to adapt quickly, as demonstrated by the popularity of the play-to-earn game Axie Infinity.Crypto interestAxie Infinity, a play-to-earn blockchain game, gained significant traction in the Philippines in 2021, with 40% of its player base coming from the country. This increased awareness of Web3 concepts and the creation of crypto wallets. Additionally, research carried out recently suggests the Filipinos are among the most interested in crypto in the region.Lim noted that international organizations have been eager to enter the Philippine market due to favorable demographics and the government’s open stance on crypto and blockchain. The executive emphasized that the government is not seeking to stifle innovation in the sector. On the contrary, it welcomes blockchain and Web3 projects, creating an environment conducive to their growth.Ethan Rose, founder of Pouch, a wallet service supporting the Bitcoin Lightning Network in the Philippines, corroborated this sentiment. Pouch has successfully onboarded over 400 businesses in the country to accept Bitcoin payments. While the onboarding of Filipino merchants into the crypto space is a positive step, Lim believes that it will take time before living solely on Bitcoin or crypto becomes a reality.Adoption inevitableHowever, he remains optimistic about the future, stating that it is only a matter of time before crypto adoption snowballs into something more significant.Lim highlighted the need for infrastructure development, expecting it to mature within the next four to five years. As the infrastructure improves, crypto will not only be used for payments but also for activities such as purchasing non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and participating in the metaverse. This comprehensive adoption will pave the way for a crypto-powered future in the Philippines.Philippine regulator, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), recently delayed publication of its crypto regulatory framework. However, it appears that the move stems from an abundance of caution in getting the regulation right. Earlier this year, Robert De Guzman, Head of Legal Compliance at Philippines-based cryptocurrency exchange, Coins.ph, expressed his optimism that the authorities are developing a progressive regulatory framework for crypto in the Southeast Asian country.The Philippines shows promising potential for crypto and blockchain adoption, fueled by its young population, technical expertise, and supportive government. As the infrastructure continues to evolve, crypto adoption is expected to expand beyond payments, encompassing various aspects of the digital economy.