Audit Finds Excessive Pay Features on China’s e-CNY Project

UAE Accelerates Cross-Border Payments with JPMorgan’s OnyxFirst Abu Dhabi Bank (FAB), the largest bank in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has ventured into the world of blockchain technology through a partnership with JPMorgan and its Onyx blockchain.Photo by Kamil Rogalinski on UnsplashFast tracking cross-border transactionsInternational financial transactions have long been afflicted by intricate procedures and snail-paced response times. These challenges have been particularly acute when it comes to cross-border payments. In response, FAB will utilize JPMorgan’s Coin Systems in order to expedite and streamline such cross-border payments.Powered by blockchain technology, JPMorgan’s Coin Systems advocates for swift transfers and settlements through a secure, distributed ledger. This collaboration between FAB and JPMorgan’s Onyx division was announced via a press release published on Tuesday (local time).The initiative represents FAB’s efforts towards leveraging cutting-edge technology, while improving and redefining the customer experience. While the initial testing phase was a success, it’s merely a prologue to FAB’s broader plans to utilize the technology for global transactional banking.With assets totaling AED 1.1 trillion ($312 billion) as of mid-2023 and laudable ratings from Moody’s, S&P, and Fitch, FAB maintains a significant presence in banking in the Middle East region.Onyx blockchainJPMorgan launched its Onyx blockchain in 2020 as a permissioned blockchain network. It is understood that the network processes daily transactions to the value of between $1 billion and $2 billion through partnerships established with banks in the Middle East, Europe, and India. Among the services offered by Onyx Digital Assets are tokenized US treasury bonds and mortgage-backed securities alongside its JPM Coin.JPMorgan is not alone in terms of top-tier banks and financial services firms who are delving into the world of blockchain. Rivals such as Citi announced its Citi Token Services product offering in September. It’s a blockchain-based service that utilizes tokenized deposits for the purpose of trading and providing liquidity.Meanwhile, payments firm Mastercard announced that it was performing testing on its Multi Token Network in June. For its part, JPMorgan has also been a participant in Singapore’s Project Guardian, a collaborative initiative led by the Monetary Authority of Singapore in conjunction with the financial services sector, centered on asset tokenization.Bahrani partnershipThis latest collaboration follows hot on the heels of JPMorgan’s partnership with another Middle Eastern bank last month. Bank ABC, which is headquartered in Bahrain, became the first Middle Eastern bank to utilize JPMorgan’s Onyx Coin Systems for faster cross-border payments.That initiative also had the support of Bahrain’s central bank. At the time of the launch of the collaboration, Central Bank of Bahrain Governor Rasheed Al Maraj stated:”After working closely with JP Morgan and Bank ABC over the past two years to experiment with cross-border commercial transactions between Bahrain and the US, leveraging the JP Morgan Coin System, we are pleased to witness the soft launch of this innovative banking solution by a Bahraini-based bank.”

Korea’s Virtual Asset User Protection Act to Take Effect in July Next YearThe Virtual Asset User Protection Bill was passed during the South Korean National Assembly’s plenary session last Friday, according to a report by news agency Newsis. The legislation aims to safeguard customer assets, establish regulations against unfair trading practices, and enforce penalties. The act is scheduled to take effect one year after its passage.Photo by KS KYUNG on UnsplashDefinition of virtual assetsUnder the act, a virtual asset is defined as a digital representation of economic value that can be digitally traded or transferred. It’s important to note that central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are not considered virtual assets. Virtual assets with characteristics of securities will initially fall under the jurisdiction of the Capital Market Act.Roles of Korea’s central bankThe act grants the Bank of Korea (BOK) the authority to request data and information from virtual asset service providers (VASPs). This provision is deemed necessary for the Korean central bank to formulate monetary and financial policies, despite virtual assets not being equivalent to traditional currencies.Responsibilities of VASPsMoreover, VASPs are obligated to segregate users’ virtual assets from their own holdings. VASPs are also required to reserve the same type and quantity of virtual assets entrusted by users and maintain a certain proportion of these assets in a cold wallet, which is an offline storage solution.Unfair trading practices will be regulated in a similar manner as outlined in the Capital Market Act. The act specifically prohibits the use of undisclosed information, price manipulation, fraudulent transactions, and trading of self-issued virtual assets. VASPs are barred from suspending deposits and withdrawals without legitimate reasons. They are also mandated to monitor suspicious transactions and take appropriate measures to safeguard users. Any suspected unfair trading practices must be promptly reported to financial authorities. Violators of these rules may face criminal penalties, liability for damages, and potential class action lawsuits.Powers of financial authoritiesThe act also clarifies the powers of financial authorities in supervising, inspecting, and taking action against virtual asset operators. Unfair trade practices can result in imprisonment for more than one year (up to 10 years for violations related to self-issued virtual assets) or fines ranging from three to five times the illicit gains. Assets acquired through unfair trade practices will be confiscated, or an equivalent value will be charged if confiscation is not feasible.Impact on crypto investigationsThe absence of legislation directly addressing unfair trading practices in the virtual asset market has posed challenges for prosecutors. They had to rely on existing statutes related to fraud, the capital market, and financial investments. Once the new act takes effect, prosecutors will no longer need to determine whether a virtual asset qualifies as a security or not.Regarding this development, a prosecutor told local legal news outlet Law Times that the implementation of the new act will escalate prosecutorial investigations into cryptocurrency incidents.Meanwhile, the individuals behind the crash of Terraform Labs’ stablecoin TerraUSD and its sister coin Luna will not be subject to this act due to the legal principle of nulla poena sine lege, which prevents the retrospective enforcement of criminal laws. Do Kwon, co-founder of Terraform Labs, was recently sentenced to four months in prison by a Montenegrin court for passport forgery after being arrested in March. The other co-founder, Daniel Shin, has been indicted by prosecutors in Korea.

The Seoul AI Innovation Tour 2024 – scheduled from March 5 to 7 – came to an end yesterday, Korean media outlet ETNews reported. Under the theme of “Navigating the Future: Unveiling Seoul’s Prowess in AI Innovation,” the event highlighted Seoul’s potential as an AI technology hub and facilitated discussions on global cooperation to foster the Asian fintech and digital asset industry.  The event was jointly hosted by the Korea Fintech Industry Association (KFIA) and The Asian Banker, a Singapore-based consultancy in finance and banking services. Several major Asian banks and fintech industry insiders attended the event, including officials from Permata Bank in Malaysia and Bank SinoPac in Taiwan. Photo by Headway on UnsplashLee Keun-ju, President of the KFIA, stated in his opening speech that cutting-edge technologies such as AI will further accelerate innovation in financial services. He also emphasized how the Korean financial and fintech industry developed at a breakneck speed over the past decade, introducing the landscape of the Korean fintech industry to bank officials.  Sharing insights on fintech and digital asset industry In the initial session, KFIA officials delivered speeches on the current financial environment of Korea and the association’s contributions to the local fintech industry. The following discussions revolved around development strategies for the fintech industry and collaborative efforts between the association and government institutions. In the later part of the event, leading local fintech insiders discussed the outlook of the security token offering (STO) and digital asset industry, sharing strategies to broaden their businesses to overseas markets.