WazirX seeks moratorium as it looks to restructure its liabilities

Chinese Fentanyl Producers Taking Payment in CryptoA report produced by blockchain analytics and crypto compliance solutions firm Elliptic has found that most Chinese suppliers of fentanyl precursors are accepting payments for the illicit material in cryptocurrency.In a blog post published on its website on Tuesday, Elliptic claimed that 90 percent of the 90 China-based firms, from which its researchers received offers of fentanyl precursors, accepted cryptocurrency as a form of payment. The majority of fentanyl which is trafficked into the United States is manufactured using imported fentanyl precursors like the material that the Elliptic researchers were offered.Seventeen of the suppliers even offered to provide fentanyl itself. Others still offered to supply synthetic opioids, equally or more potent than fentanyl, which are currently legal to both produce and supply within China.Photo by Hal Gatewood on UnsplashTracking blockchain transactionsIn tracing back transactions relative to these illicit suppliers, the Elliptic researchers’ analysis demonstrated that the digital asset wallets used by the rogue suppliers have received thousands of payments. The research team has estimated the net worth of those transactions to total $27 million.It appears that a move towards crypto payments is trending with this group of suppliers as there has been a 450% increase year-on-year when it comes to payments for fentanyl precursor using crypto.The study highlighted activity related to Dutch national Alex Peijnenburg. An alleged fentanyl supplier, Peijnenburg, made an $85,000 payment in crypto to one of the ninety fentanyl precursor suppliers identified by Elliptic researchers. In November of last year, the Dutchman was sanctioned by US authorities relative to his activities.Global trade and distributionThe report stated: “During our correspondence, the suppliers showed no concerns about how the chemical would be used, with some explaining that it was their best-selling product and could be used to produce fentanyl.”It went on to state that “others pointedly mentioned that they had sold it to customers in Mexico.” Mexico is a significant location in the global drugs trade, given the activity of drug cartels within the country. One supplier offered an insight to researchers as to the preferences of their nefarious Mexican clients, stating: “They always use USDT or Bitcoin to pay. It is no problem.”While it looks like these nefarious Chinese companies are able to trade into and out of crypto assets, that should be a difficulty for them as China banned the offering of crypto trading services going back a number of years already. Furthermore, foreign digital asset exchanges are prohibited from servicing the needs of Chinese clients where crypto is concerned.Elliptic’s research team uncovered that the majority of the illicit drugs trade suppliers have been using workarounds in order to gain access to overseas digital asset exchanges. The suppliers have used intermediaries in order to convert crypto into Chinese yuan.The report concludes that this part of the international fentanyl trade can be dealt with and “disrupted by the services that act as gateways into and out of crypto assets.” On arriving at that conclusion, Elliptic has acted by notifying the digital asset exchanges that these suppliers are using. “[We] have flagged hundreds of crypto addresses in our tools as being linked to this activity,” the report states.Crypto had infamously been associated with illicit activity on the dark web in its earliest years. It has moved well beyond that although due to its decentralized nature, it’s difficult, if not impossible, to control who utilizes decentralized digital currency.

Fraud Defense Sees Terraform Labs Pursue Access to FTX WalletsTerraform Labs, the Singapore-based cryptocurrency firm at the center of a lawsuit filed by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in February, is taking steps to bolster its defense against fraud charges.Photo by Anete Lusina on PexelsSubpoena for debtors’ recordsAccording to a motion filed with the FTX bankruptcy court in Delaware on Wednesday, the company is seeking permission from a judge to subpoena data from the bankrupt crypto exchange. The filing shows that Terraform’s legal team is requesting access to information about digital wallets utilized by short sellers between March and May 2022.The company believes that its algorithmic stablecoin’s collapse was not a result of natural market forces but rather a coordinated attack by short sellers, potentially involving Alameda Research, FTX’s sister company.The motion states: “To establish these defenses, TFL needs Debtors’ records about wallets, accounts, and assets used to transact on the FTX International and US exchanges and sales/offers of large volumes of cryptocurrencies developed by TFL, if any, by FTX Trading and West Realm Shires Services Inc. d/b/a FTX US.”Alleged securities fraudThe SEC’s lawsuit, filed on February 16, accuses Terraform Labs and its founder, Do Kwon, of orchestrating a multi-billion dollar crypto asset securities fraud. The regulator alleges that Terraform offered unregistered securities through its algorithmic stablecoin, TerraUSD (UST), and the Terra Luna (LUNA) token. The failure of Terraform in 2022 led to a staggering loss of over $40 billion in the crypto markets.The motion also targets Jump Trading, another entity accused by the SEC of colluding with Terraform to manipulate the price of the UST stablecoin. Jump Trading is facing a separate lawsuit in Illinois in the US, accused of purchasing millions of UST tokens in 2021 as part of an agreement with Terraform to maintain the stablecoin’s peg to $1.“Defendants misrepresented UST’s recovery by claiming that the algorithm was able to restore and maintain the price peg. According to the SEC, UST instead recovered its price peg because Defendants entered an arrangement with a U.S. trading firm, Jump Trading, […] to purchase substantial amounts of UST to support the price,” reads the court filing.Jurisdictional argumentsAside from its pursuit of FTX’s data, Terraform is also seeking to dismiss a class-action lawsuit in California, having already sought to have the SEC lawsuit dismissed. The company argues that since it is based in Singapore, US securities laws referenced in the lawsuit are not applicable to its foreign-developed protocols.Using a similar jurisdictional argument, Do Kwon also tried to conceal documents held in Singapore by the Singaporean company from the SEC, but he failed in that endeavor.Another significant development at Terraform has seen a new CEO appointed to lead the troubled company. According to a report in the Wall Street Journal on Wednesday, Chris Amani, who has been acting as Terraform’s Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer up until now, has been appointed as CEO.

Celsius and BlockFi Filings Reveal Bhutan Crypto InvestmentThe tiny kingdom of Bhutan, nestled in the Himalayas, has been secretly holding millions of dollars in cryptocurrency, according to recent filings in the bankruptcy processes of crypto lenders Celsius and BlockFi. The revelation has surprised many observers, given the country’s reputation as a conservative and traditionalist society that places a high value on spiritual well-being and happiness over material wealth.©Pexels/Prateek KatyalDruk Holdings and InvestmentThe cryptocurrency holdings were reportedly managed by Bhutan’s Druk Holdings and Investment, which was established in 2018 with the aim of investing in a range of assets to help diversify the country’s economy and reduce its dependence on hydro-power exports. It’s understood that the fund had invested in a number of cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Ripple, and had seen significant gains as a result.While the exact amount of cryptocurrency held by the Bhutan Investment Fund is not known, a Forbes report estimates that it could be worth several million dollars. This represents a significant portion of Bhutan’s overall foreign reserves, which stood at $1.2 billion at the end of 2022.The news of Bhutan’s cryptocurrency holdings has sparked a debate about the role of digital assets in the country’s economy. Some experts have argued that cryptocurrencies could provide a valuable source of revenue for Bhutan, particularly as the country seeks to reduce its reliance on hydro-power exports. Others, however, have expressed concerns about the risks associated with investing in such a volatile and unpredictable asset class.A new frontier for investmentDespite these concerns, it appears that the Bhutan Investment Fund is committed to continuing its cryptocurrency investments. In a statement to Blockworks, the fund’s CEO, Tenzin Lekphell, said that “digital assets represent a new frontier for investment, and we believe that they have the potential to provide significant returns for our investors.”The news of Bhutan’s cryptocurrency holdings comes at a time when many countries around the world are grappling with the question of how to regulate and manage digital assets. While some countries, such as China, have taken a hardline approach and banned cryptocurrencies altogether, others, like Japan, have taken a more moderate approach and have sought to regulate the industry to prevent fraud and protect investors.Others still, like the United States and India have flip flopped on the subject with the United States having taken a regulatory hard line in recent months.A crypto opportunity for smaller nationsIt remains to be seen what approach Bhutan will take towards cryptocurrency regulation. However, the news of the country’s cryptocurrency holdings is a sign that even small, remote nations can take advantage of the opportunities provided by digital assets. On Tuesday Jason Lau, COO of crypto exchange Okcoin, stated that Bhutan’s investment was no surprise, with the expectation that other sovereign wealth funds would follow suit.Bhutan’s decision to invest in cryptocurrency has raised eyebrows in the international community. However, it is also a testament to the country’s willingness to explore new and innovative approaches to economic development. As the world continues to grapple with the opportunities and challenges posed by digital assets, Bhutan’s example may provide a valuable case study for other nations seeking to diversify their economies and embrace new technologies.