India’s judiciary turns down plea to formulate a crypto regulatory framework

As the South Korean capital market eyes the burgeoning potential of security token offering (STO) businesses, Koscom, a financial IT company, is increasingly coming into focus among securities firms for its dedicated STO platform. With four securities companies already in partnership, Koscom is actively seeking to expand its collaboration network further. Koscom is a technology subsidiary of Korea Exchange, the country’s only securities exchange operator.More partnerships with securities firmsAccording to its press release published a few weeks ago, Koscom inked a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Yuanta Securities Korea, the South Korean branch of the Taiwanese retail broker. Through the partnership, the two entities pledged to collaborate on developing blockchain platforms and discovering new STO projects.  The MOU between Koscom and Yuanta is the fourth STO-related partnership Koscom has inked with a securities company. Koscom's other three brokerage partners are Kiwoom Securities, Daishin Securities and IBK Securities. With over four decades of experience in managing ledgers for brokerages, Koscom is highly skilled in constructing technical infrastructure for the capital market. As the operator of its own blockchain platform, this fintech company has been developing blockchain technology and acquiring relevant expertise.Photo by Shubham Dhage on UnsplashSecurity token issuance and distributionThe necessity for blockchain-based STO platforms provided by companies like Koscom for brokerages stems from regulations set forth by the Korean financial authority. The Financial Services Commission (FSC) mandates that the issuance and distribution of security tokens must be carried out by separate entities. This regulatory framework necessitates a platform that enables securities firms to connect and interact with each other. Koscom offers a joint STO platform designed to streamline transactions between brokerages, improving cost-effectiveness. In light of this, the financial IT company concentrates on developing such platforms with the aim of laying a solid foundation for the emerging STO market. According to local media outlet Etnews, Koscom has set its sights on completing the platform development within the first quarter, with plans to address additional requirements from brokerages subsequently. Striving to expand its network of partnerships to include companies both large and small, Koscom recognizes that a more diverse array of participating firms can enhance the efficiency of token issuance and distribution, which would in turn accelerate the adoption of STOs. Koscom’s strategy offers its partners an opportunity to test its STO infrastructure before the relevant legislation governing the management of security tokens is passed at the National Assembly. Regarding this development, Kim Sung-hwan, Head of the Digital Business Division at Koscom, said, “Koscom’s joint STO platform is emerging as an alternative method for brokerage firms to venture into the security token business. Factors such as costs and workforce requirements have made it difficult for many firms to proceed independently.” He added, “We will provide full technical support for our platform users, allowing them to focus on identifying reliable underlying assets for security tokens.” 

Blockstream, a blockchain technology firm headquartered in British Columbia, Canada, has moved to expand its activities in Japan with the opening of a new office and the announcement of a partnership with local companies. The infrastructure development company has partnered with Diamond Hands and Fulgar Ventures, CoinDesk Japan reported. Diamond Hands is a Japan-based company involved in providing Bitcoin-related products. It helps companies to integrate Bitcoin and lightning payments into their services. Based in Wilmington, Delaware, Fulgur Ventures invests in early-stage startups. It is particularly focused on Bitcoin and Lightning Network-related projects.Photo by David Edelstein on UnsplashBootstrapping brand awareness Fulgur Ventures is Blockstream’s largest shareholder. The objective is to bootstrap brand awareness within Japan using these partnerships with local companies. To that end, Diamond Hands CEO Koji Higashi will become Blockstream’s brand ambassador. It’s thought that efforts will be made going forward to further expand partnerships with local Japanese companies. Blockstream announced in a press release that it aims to drive adoption of self-custody technologies and Bitcoin layer-2 innovations within the East Asian country. Furthermore, it plans to drive adoption of real-world asset (RWA) tokenization. Commenting on the development, Blockstream Founder and CEO Adam Back stated:"With increased regulatory clarity and rising institutional interest in Bitcoin now is the moment for Blockstream to establish a direct presence in Japan, one of our most important markets." Back added that the company is looking forward to “empowering Japanese enterprises and individuals to fully harness Bitcoin as the foundation for a financial future that's secure, scalable and decentralized.” Tokyo office Another aspect to the expansion involves the opening of an office in Tokyo by Blockstream.  Adam Back is a Bitcoin OG who has often been the subject of speculation in attempts to identify pseudonymous Bitcoin founder Satoshi Nakamoto. Back proposed Hashcash, a proof-of-work-based system and forerunner to Bitcoin, in 1997. The Japanese corporate world has demonstrated its interest in Bitcoin in recent months, with local company Metaplanet launching an ambitious plan to acquire 21,000 Bitcoin by 2026, having adopted the Bitcoin playbook pioneered by American business intelligence and Bitcoin development company MicroStrategy. Blockstream’s investment arm, Blockstream Capital, has also been active in the market. Last month, the company invested $75 million into crypto custodian Komainu. Komainu is a joint venture between CoinShares, Ledger and Japanese global financial services company Nomura.  The same month, the company launched two institutional-grade Bitcoin investment funds. The funds, Blockstream Income Fund and Blockstream Alpha Fund, have been devised to cater to a growing demand from institutions for transparent, regulated and secure financial products. A third fund, Blockstream Yield Fund, is due to launch later this year. It will offer Bitcoin holders consistent, low-risk returns on their holdings. Blockstream was founded in 2014. In its earlier years, the company has served as a technology provider relative to the Liquid Network. In Core Lightning, it has developed a well-recognized implementation of the Lightning Network protocol.  To facilitate Bitcoin holders in terms of self-custody of the leading crypto asset, Blockstream developed Blockstream Jade, a hardware wallet built on open-source software. The device offers air-gapped functionality, meaning that users can perform transactions without connecting the device itself directly to the internet.

Korean Financial Watchdog to Penalize Bankers Involved in Illegal Foreign RemittancesThe Korean Financial Supervisory Service (FSS) recently completed an investigation into illegal foreign remittances of approximately 16 trillion KRW (~$12,137,718,400) that involved numerous bankers.©Unsplash/Paul FiedlerExploiting the kimchi premiumThe investigation, launched by the Korean financial watchdog last June, found that these lawbreakers sent funds to China, Hong Kong, and other overseas destinations through Korean crypto exchanges, trading firms, and bank branches with an aim of making money through arbitrage by taking the advantage of the kimchi premium, a term used to describe that the higher prices of crypto assets in Korean exchanges compared to their foreign counterparts.Bankers neglecting the KYC ruleSome of these bankers participated in the crime by raising the remittance cap and applying favorable exchange rates to trading companies that had no previous transaction records with banks. By law, bankers in Korea are obligated to follow the “know your customer” rule. It was found that 12 domestic banks and one futures firm were involved in this incident.The FSS has decided to impose strict penalties on these financial institutions, considering they were exploited for money laundering purposes. These entities are likely to have some of their services suspended, with the employees involved being fired.Accountability of top bankersOne key point to watch out for is whether the FSS would be able to hold executives accountable. Some say penalizing top bankers is not easy, given that it has to be proven that the employees’ criminal activities were due to a lack of executives’ internal control.The financial regulator recently announced plans to revise the law governing banks’ governance, but it is expected that such a bill would take some time to pass through the National Assembly.Through a revision of the law, the financial authority aims to hold top executives at financial institutions more responsible for serious financial accidents. It looks forward to bestowing top bankers with the obligation of comprehensive internal control management and making them accountable as an overall manager only in case of critical financial accidents. The term “top executives” in the bill will encompass not only bank presidents but also chairpersons of financial holding companies. More specific revision plans are expected to be revealed by the end of this month.