SEC Seeks to Question Co-Founder of Singapore’s Terraform Labs

Hong Kong and Israel Collaborate to Expand CBDC Access Beyond BanksIn a collaborative effort, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA), the Bank of Israel (BoI), and the Bank of International Settlements (BIS) Innovation Hub have jointly released a comprehensive report on Project Sela, a central bank digital currency (CBDC) initiative.Photo by POURIA 🦋 on UnsplashBroadening the role of intermediariesThe report was published to the BIS website on Tuesday. In keeping with the trend of many CBDC projects, Project Sela is characterized by a robust public-private partnership. However, its particular focus lies in broadening the spectrum of intermediaries, aiming to offer retail CBDC services through a more diverse array of service providers, thereby reducing dependency on traditional banks and major payment providers.Andrew Abir, Deputy Governor of the Bank of Israel, emphasized the importance of fostering a dynamic and open ecosystem with a wide variety of service providers. He stated:“Competition and innovation require a flourishing and open ecosystem with many different types of service providers. This was our initial goal in Project Sela as a proof-of-concept, and the project proved the feasibility of the model we had in mind.”Involving retail banksIn a previous model explored through Hong Kong’s Project Aurum, retail banks were entrusted with customer-facing tasks while maintaining the central bank’s operation of the wholesale ledger for the eHKD. In contrast, Project Sela introduces a novel approach where the central bank operates the retail ledger — a model akin to Israel’s digital shekel.The primary actors in Project Sela, known as Access Enablers (AEs), notably do not have control over CBDC balances, distinguishing them from conventional payment providers. Moreover, AEs are not required to maintain liquidity to support CBDC services. Their role encompasses facilitating user onboarding and CBDC access, fulfilling know-your-customer (KYC) and compliance obligations, and routing payments. The role of banks and other “funding institutions” primarily revolves around enabling the conversion of cash and deposits into CBDC.The rationale behind this approach is rooted in the emergence of technological advancements in open banking and DeFi, which have demonstrated the potential to disentangle financial services by granting users greater access to their financial data and control over their own funds.Enabling participation among the unbankedProject Sela envisions the unbanked population utilizing ATMs to convert cash into CBDC. A similar approach has recently been taken by the Chinese authorities. In the resort city of Sanya, authorities have introduced e-CNY ATMs in order to enable e-CNY access for foreign tourists.However, it is noteworthy that in many countries, the primary function of ATMs is to dispense cash rather than accept it. Consequently, the inclusion of AEs could pose challenges to traditional banking institutions, as CBDC adoption could potentially impact bank deposits.Privacy and cybersecurity considerations are implicated within Project Sela. As the central bank operates the retail ledger, ensuring the confidentiality of personal information becomes imperative. To safeguard privacy, AEs employ a hashing mechanism to obfuscate personal identifiers, although the report does not delve into the subject in detail.While Bank of Israel Governor Amir Yaron admitted that a CBDC can never be anonymous, he claimed that “if we choose to issue a digital cash shekel, it will provide at least as much privacy as other digital means of payment.”

Hong Kong unveils comprehensive tokenization regulationsChristopher Hui, Hong Kong’s Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury, shared a roadmap for upcoming regulations within the tokenization sector during his address at the Hong Kong Fintech Week 2023.Photo by Simon Zhu on UnsplashJPEX no hindrance to Web3 growthHui’s announcement at the event on Thursday comes on the heels of the JPEX scandal, a Dubai-based crypto exchange that collapsed amid allegations of having defrauded Hong Kong-based platform users. Hui emphatically stated that the JPEX incident would not deter Hong Kong’s commitment to expanding the Web3 market. Hui stated:“We’ve been asked many times whether JPEX will affect our determination to grow the Web3 market — the answer is a clear ‘no.’”In June, Hong Kong implemented new regulations for cryptocurrency exchanges, opening up locally regulated crypto trading services to retail customers via virtual asset service providers (VASPs). However, the majority of the forthcoming regulatory efforts will extend beyond the crypto sector, focusing on areas such as token issuance, wallets and other related components.Regulatory impact on TradFi and DeFiHui indicated the intention to expand virtual asset regulations, suggesting a potential impact on decentralized finance (DeFi). The planned regulations within the tokenization domain are poised to influence not only the crypto industry but also traditional finance (TradFi).These regulations include the issuance of a circular concerning intermediaries engaging in tokenized securities. Additionally, they entail a circular regarding the tokenization of Securities and Futures Commission (SFC)-authorized investment products. Lastly, they’re inclusive of consultations with banks on digital asset custody services with the involvement of the banking regulator. Furthermore, a joint consultation on stablecoin regulations will be issued by the Treasury and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA).Focus on positive impact of tokenizationEddie Yue, CEO of the HKMA, echoed Hui’s sentiments by discussing the positive impact of tokenization. He anticipates that tokenization will fuel the adoption of blockchain payments, particularly involving stablecoins and tokenized deposits. Yue believes that central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) will serve as the foundation and a crucial element for achieving interoperability within this ecosystem.He emphasized the need to tackle crucial questions, such as the legal definitions of tokenized securities and whether Delivery versus Payment (DvP) can be successfully implemented for tokenized securities. Additionally, Yue pointed out the intricate legal considerations and interoperability challenges that are currently being discussed within the central bank community.First tokenized green bond issuanceYue also highlighted Hong Kong’s first-of-its-kind issuance of tokenized green bonds in February and revealed that discussions with the industry are already underway for the next bond.“We, ourselves, assisted the government to issue the world’s first-ever tokenized government green bond earlier this year in order to demonstrate the compatibility of Hong Kong’s legal and regulatory environment with this very new issuance format,” he stated. However, despite the promising outlook, Yue remained grounded on the subject, acknowledging the significant challenges in the tokenization landscape.In a related development, HSBC recently disclosed that it is conducting experiments with tokenized deposits in collaboration with Ant Group as part of the HKMA sandbox.

Seoul Govt to Hire Blockchain Expert to Enhance Administrative Services for CitizensThe Seoul Metropolitan Government is hiring a blockchain specialist in an effort to bolster its administrative services for citizens, leveraging the power of blockchain technology to provide enhanced and efficient solutions, as per local news outlet Etnews.Photo by Yu Kato on UnsplashRoles and eligibilityThe appointed blockchain specialist will participate in the development and management of blockchain-based administrative systems. The position will also involve facilitating technological cooperation between the public and private sectors, with a focus on integrating blockchain-powered platforms with cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things.Interested candidates have until July 26 to submit their applications, with the successful candidate expected to be revealed in August, following document screening and interviews.To be eligible for the position, applicants must meet one of the following criteria:1. Hold a bachelor’s degree and possess at least one year of experience in related fields.2. Have three or more years of relevant experience.3. Be public servants of rank 8 or higher with a minimum of two years of relevant experience.Eligible candidates must have a proven track record in the development and operation of information systems, blockchains, and non-fungible tokens.Seoul’s blockchain initiativesThe Seoul Metropolitan Government’s current efforts to integrate blockchain technology into its administrative services include the operation of the Seoul Wallet app, a one-stop solution that enables citizens to access their identification, certificates, and credentials. The city government has plans to connect this app with other digital and healthcare platforms to create a fully integrated management system.Seoul has been at the forefront of blockchain adoption in South Korea. In 2020, it became the first Korean city to launch a blockchain-powered labor contract system, aimed at protecting the rights of temporary workers. Additionally, the city has been actively exploring various ways to leverage blockchain for online ID verification services. Such initiatives include a benefits card designed for families with two or more children, offering discounts on public facilities usage.A representative from the city government highlighted their recognition of blockchain as a key technology in the era of Web3. As a result, Seoul is seeking opportunities to introduce and support blockchain-based initiatives within its jurisdiction. The official emphasized the city’s commitment to providing safe and inclusive civil services built on blockchain technology, following a thorough assessment of their potentials and risks.