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HashKey OTC, the over-the-counter (OTC) trading arm of the Hong Kong-headquartered HashKey Group, has reached a regulatory milestone with the acquisition of a major payment license in Singapore.Photo by Mike Enerio on UnsplashEnabling digital asset service offeringIn a recent announcement via the firm’s official blog, HashKey Group revealed that HashKey OTC has secured in-principle approval from the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) for its Major Payment Institution (MPI) license application. This approval positions HashKey OTC to offer regulated digital payment token services in Singapore, representing a significant stride in the firm’s efforts towards regulatory compliance. CEO of HashKey OTC, Li Liang, emphasized the company's steadfast commitment to regulatory adherence, considering it a pivotal step towards providing comprehensive and regulated over-the-counter trading solutions for its clients. Liang highlighted the significance of the in-principle approval, expressing the company's vision to furnish a wide array of digital payment tokens and fiat currencies in a regulated environment. The approval has generated optimism within the global crypto market community, particularly amidst prevailing uncertainties surrounding crypto regulations worldwide. Expansion initiativesHashKey OTC's attainment of the MPI license aligns with its strategic expansion initiatives, building upon its earlier success in securing a capital markets services license for fund management in Singapore. This achievement reflects the company's desire to operate within legal frameworks while delivering innovative crypto solutions to its clientele. Furthermore, HashKey OTC's regulatory triumph mirrors the broader regulatory landscape in Singapore, where crypto firms navigate stringent requirements to establish credibility and trust within the market. MPI approvalsThe exchange's milestone mirrors similar successes achieved by other industry players. Recent months have seen a raft of digital asset industry enterprises achieve a similar milestone. In January, American digital asset custodian BitGo acquired in-principle MPI approval. Last November, Taipei-headquartered crypto exchange business XREX achieved a similar outcome. Other entities who had been successful in pursuing MPI licensing earlier in 2023 include crypto exchange Upbit Singapore, crypto trading firm GSR, American crypto exchange platform Coinbase and enterprise blockchain firm Ripple. Despite Singapore's reputation as a crypto-friendly jurisdiction, recent decisions by MAS have demonstrated a cautious approach towards certain crypto products. While spot bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) received approval in the United States, MAS has opted against permitting the listing of such ETF products for retail investors, citing concerns over the asset's volatility and suitability for retail investment. HashKey is one of only two entities to have secured similar licenses in Hong Kong. Last month, affiliate company HashKey Capital, a Singapore-based crypto fund manager, launched a series of indices designed to track cryptocurrencies in a collaboration with FTSE Russell. Also in January, the Hong Kong business partnered with crypto derivatives platform OKX with the objective of advancing compliant virtual asset innovation. HashKey OTC's acquisition of a major payment license in Singapore, amid a backdrop of similar businesses pursuing similar licensing in various jurisdictions recently, signifies a significant advancement in regulatory compliance within the crypto industry. The approval underscores the exchange's desire to provide regulated over-the-counter trading solutions while navigating the evolving regulatory landscape in Singapore and beyond.

South Korea: Crypto Exchange Execs Indicted on Manipulation ChargesA number of executives at Coinone, one of South Korea’s leading cryptocurrency exchanges, have been indicted on charges related to market manipulation.That’s according to a report published by South Korean news outlet, The JoongAng, on Monday. The complaint details no less than forty-six coins that are alleged to have been the subject of manipulation in some form. That represents one in four of the total number of coins that the exchange has enabled for trading on the platform.Photo by Burak The Weekender on PexelsFour executives indictedThe indictment lists four Coinone executives, Mr. Jeon, Mr. Kim, Mr. Ko, and Mr. Hwang. The four have been charged with employing illegal mechanisms to manipulate coin listings, resulting in the four executives profiting to the tune of 2.98 billion Korean Won, which amounts to $2.26 million dollars according to current fx exchange rates.The complaint specifies that these offenses were committed between December 2019 and November 2022. South Korean prosecutors further allege that prior to various projects obtaining a token listing on Coinone, company executives made them sign third-party market-making contracts. That in and of itself is not unusual.One of the key aspects of a new coin listing (and an ongoing listing for that matter), is the need to have sufficient liquidity in place to ensure that the coin can be traded without being susceptible to market manipulation. Low liquidity conditions open the door to bad actors moving the market relative to a particular token.Cross tradingThe indictment is far more specific in calling out illegal cross trading activity. It’s likely that these key Coinone employees would have been expecting such an indictment to land at their doors. Last week, it emerged that LUNA tokens associated with Terraform Labs’ failed Terra USD (TUSD) algorithmic stablecoin project, had been illegally cross traded on three South Korean crypto exchanges: Bithumb, GoPax and Coinone.Cross trading is the practice of trading an asset on an exchange without recording the transaction transparently on the exchange. Strictly speaking, the activity can be legitimate although most exchanges prohibit the practice as it can be used to affect market manipulation.A cross trade could be permitted in a scenario where the price is deemed to be competitive at the time that the trade takes place. While this can more easily be determined in conventional markets as the practice is covered by specific regulation, that’s not the case in most jurisdictions right now where digital asset trading is concerned. By extension, there’s a complete lack of transparency and a lack of reporting.As other market participants don’t have visibility of this type of trading activity, they are unaware as to whether a better price is available on the market or not. In an unregulated state, the practice undermines trust.In the case of Coinone, the executives enabled the practice in order to provide an illusion with regard to trading activity. That meant that trading volumes claimed were inaccurate, misleading ordinary traders and exchange users. Along with trading volume in these coins being artificially boosted, so too were token prices.In the indictment, prosecutors explicitly alleged that cross trading was being employed in an illegal manner:“This price manipulation causes misunderstandings about the trading volume and market price among general members of the exchange, and induces [service users] to participate in the coin transaction and buy the coin.”

Vauld Implements Key Leadership Changes Amid Bankruptcy ProceedingsFailed Singaporean cryptocurrency lender Vauld has unveiled a comprehensive overhaul of its board structure.Photo by Yibei Geng on UnsplashOngoing restructuringThe platform, which faced financial turmoil leading to its declaration of bankruptcy last year, is introducing fresh leadership to spearhead its restructuring efforts. The move involves the appointment of a new CEO, a creditor representative, and a scheme manager.The current CEO and Co-Founder of Vauld, Darshan Bathija, announced the proposed changes via a post on X (formerly Twitter) on Thursday. He emphasized that the new appointees would take charge of orchestrating a much-needed bailout.The challenges faced by the company through its ongoing bankruptcy proceedings have prompted Vauld to secure court approval for this new organizational scheme. In his social media post, Bathija stated:“Vauld (Defi Payments Pte Ltd) got its scheme of arrangement passed in Singapore courts. As part of the scheme, the current board will be replaced with a new CEO, a creditor representative, and a scheme manager.” Additionally, Bathija noted that the exchange’s customers are actively updating their Know Your Customer (KYC) details.This announcement comes almost a year after Vauld came under scrutiny due to a money laundering investigation. The cloud of suspicion surrounding the firm at the time led to the freezing of assets worth $46.4 million from its domestic operations by Indian authorities.Nexo acquisition failureIn February of this year, the Singapore High Court granted Vauld an extension until March 24 to formulate a comprehensive strategy for repaying its creditors. The extension became crucial after a potential acquisition deal with Nexo fell through. However, despite this reprieve, the exchange was unable to secure a further extension, fueling discussions within the community about the challenge of meeting creditor obligations within a relatively short time frame.In a step to facilitate the resolution of outstanding amounts, the court established a committee of creditors (CoC). This move was prompted by allegations from a faction of creditors that Vauld was impeding communication and implementing unwarranted corrective measures. Notably, the exchange owes more than $2.2 million to these creditors.Vauld has contracted the services of risk and financial advisory firm Kroll as part of the restructuring efforts. In an isolated instance of good fortune, it appears that Vauld creditors are unaffected by a data breach which occurred recently at Kroll, while creditors of the Genesis, FTX, and BlockFi crypto bankruptcy processes have had their data compromised.Charting a path forwardBathija conveyed that more updates regarding the platform’s path forward would follow soon. Vauld’s financial instability can be attributed to several factors, chief among them being the ripple effect of Terra’s downfall. Further complications arose due to economic issues tied to the Celsius Network and Three Arrows Capital (3AC) defaulting on their loans. These cumulative challenges led to Vauld’s operational suspension.Despite this failure and similar issues relative to crypto lender Hodlnaut and 3AC, which were also based in the city state, Singapore continues as a jurisdiction that effectively balances regulatory control with the drive to foster innovation. Its central bank and financial regulator, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), recently unveiled a comprehensive framework for stablecoins.