Hong Kong and Kazakhstan Pilot SWIFT’s CBDC Solution

Compliance and Cooperation — A Necessary Formula for Combatting Crypto CrimesFrom common scams like voice phishing to threats of violence, the involvement of cryptocurrencies in crimes against the general public is steadily on the rise both in South Korea and abroad.Photo by Bermix Studio on UnsplashAccording to blockchain data analysis firm Chainalysis, the scale of cryptocurrency-related crimes and hacking on a global scale has decreased by 45.2% and 23.5%, respectively, compared to last year. However, financial losses resulting from smaller ransomware attacks, including phishing scams, are showing an upward trend.Authorities and industry figures alike are increasingly emphasizing the need for close cooperation to combat this growing issue, as existing regulations and legal frameworks remain insufficient to do so.Chainalysis and crypto exchange Binance co-hosted a policy summit in Seoul on Tuesday called “Securing the Future of Crypto,” where experts gathered at the Courtyard Marriott hotel to discuss compliance and cooperation between the public and private sectors in fighting crypto crimes.Challenges and complexities in crypto investigations“The Korean National Police Agency receives dozens of reports of financial losses and urgent requests for account freezes every day, with 80% of them pertaining to Binance,” said Kim Min-jae, an investigator at the National Police Agency’s International Cyber Cooperation Division.Citing a recent case of a voice phishing scam targeting a woman in her 60s, Kim said that authorities were able to proceed with the investigation within 30 minutes after receiving information from the exchange. However, addressing crimes beyond large cryptocurrency exchanges like Binance, such as those involving decentralized finance (DeFi) systems or foreign exchanges, poses a more difficult challenge due to the lack of proper measures to deal with them.Lee Soo-pyeong, a cybercrime investigator at the Korean National Police Agency’s Cyber Investigation Division, also noted that although domestic cases are relatively easier to investigate, there have been many cases — such as the appalling Nth Room case that caused an uproar throughout Korea in 2020 — that involved overseas accounts and exchanges.Steps for effective crime controlWhat measures, then, should authorities and corporations take in order to deal with such issues? Lee stressed the importance of cooperation among international judicial bodies and adherence from businesses to enhance the response to increasingly sophisticated crypto crimes.Know Your Customer (KYC) standards — the guidelines used in investment and financial services to verify customers’ identities and assess their risk and financial profiles — play an important role in this regard. However, “There are no platforms yet, including major exchanges like Binance, that provide us with personal information through KYC measures when funds are laundered,” Kim explained. He expressed hopes for a system jointly established by relevant entities, including local exchanges, that will enable swift criminal investigation.Lee also highlighted the importance of compliance from foreign companies, stating, “While it’s possible to request mutual legal assistance in criminal matters from the International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol), active cooperation from foreign companies is essential.”From an international point of view, Jarek Jakubcek, Head of Intelligence and Investigations APAC at Binance, pointed out that upholding international standards and standardized processes is important, given the fact that crypto crimes transcend borders. While some countries excel in compliance and enforcing anti-money laundering (AML) policies, others fall short, leading criminals to exploit these disparities.Recently, there have been criminals who move their funds through blockchain networks. The development of bridge technology, which facilitates cross-chain asset transfers, has led to laundering techniques becoming more and more sophisticated. However, he assured that tracing funds is still possible, although doing so has become harder than before.The amalgamation of these circumstances has thereby ushered in the era of Know Your Transaction (KYT). While exchanges have traditionally been obligated to perform Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures to prevent money laundering, they must now go beyond verifying user information and analyze customer transaction data in order to understand where money is coming from and how it flows, Jakubcek said. To achieve this, he argued, they must request information from users and work with on-chain data analysis solution companies like Chainalysis to secure real transaction data. Alec Zebrick, Manager of Investigations in the Asia-Pacific region at Chainalysis, added that leveraging on-chain data allows the verification of most transactions.In the rapidly evolving crypto landscape where crimes are still a force to deal with, experts agree that reinforcing compliance and cooperation between exchanges and authorities is imperative.

Shinhan Card’s Membership NFTs Offer Discounts at Emart24 Convenience StoresShinhan Card, a major South Korean credit card company, announced on October 10 (local time) that it is launching membership non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in collaboration with convenience store chain Emart24 and Kakao’s blockchain subsidiary Ground X.Photo by Andrey Metelev on UnsplashNFT and loyalty pointsOwners of the membership NFTs can make purchases of KRW 5,000 ($3.71) or more at Emart24’s brick-and-mortar stores using the Shinhan Card mobile app, known as Shinhan pLay, to earn KRW 1,000 worth of My Shinhan Points. This benefit can be claimed up to three times a month.Moreover, upon purchasing the NFT, buyers will be gifted a KRW 2,000 off Emart24 coupon. Every month, they’ll be treated to a KRW 1,000 off coupon, a 10% off coupon on alcoholic beverages (with savings of up to KRW 3,000), and another 10% off coupon (with savings of up to KRW 1,500).NFT holders also get a KRW 2,000 discount coupon for the card company’s shopping platform, Allthat. Furthermore, every month, when they spend over KRW 10,000 in the food and nutrition category, they can use a 20% discount coupon, saving up to KRW 10,000 on their purchase.Valid for three monthsThese benefits will remain valid for three months starting from the date of issuance of the NFT. A total of 1,000 membership NFTs will be offered for sale at KRW 9,900 each on the Allthat platform until October 16.Purchased NFTs can be received via Ground X’s Klip Wallet, which is accessible through the Emart24 app and the Shinhan pLay app.This initiative stems from an NFT alliance established in July of last year, comprising Shinhan Card, Emart24, and Ground X. The alliance, known as GRID, has set its sights on promoting the widespread adoption of NFTs across diverse sectors, including finance, commerce, and entertainment. Commencing with this effort, Shinhan will engage in collaborative efforts with fellow GRID members to explore additional avenues for expanding its services through its pLay app.

South Korean entertainment production company Blade Entertainment has signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Cardo, a firm specializing in custodial services for digital assets, to start a tokenized securities business, according to local news outlet Newspim on Wednesday. Blade Entertainment revealed plans to leverage its IP and content distribution rights to issue fractional investment-based tokenized securities based on underlying assets like waste landfills, electroceuticals and digital therapeutics.Photo by Verne Ho on UnsplashForging the future to tokenized securities"We will do our best to become a leader in tokenized securities by securing various underlying assets and building technology to facilitate valuation modeling for those assets," said Choi Young-in, head of the STO (security token offering) department at Blade Entertainment. "Through this agreement, we will cooperate in multiple ways with Cardo, who has expertise in blockchain and an understanding of financial products, to list our tokenized securities on the Korea Exchange’s (KRX) new securities market."  This market refers to an on-exchange market for new securities based on fractional investments that was recently designated by the South Korean Financial Services Commission (FSC) as a service under the financial regulatory sandbox system, according to a press release on Dec. 13.  The regulatory sandbox is a system run by the Korean government that exempts or suspends existing regulations for a designated amount of time for companies releasing new products and services and regulates them post-mortem if there is a problem.  Strategic collaborationBlade Entertainment said that it sought out Cardo – whose investors include one of South Korea’s major banks Nonghyup Bank – as a business partner to carry out this endeavor due to its accumulated knowledge and expertise in the blockchain sector. Cardo has also previously demonstrated its capabilities in the security token business by providing fintech solutions to financial service firm Galaxia Moneytree. "Currently, due to issues with the valuation of token securities, it is not easy for businesses in this area to operate smoothly, but we plan to issue and distribute tokenized securities of various assets soon," said Sohn Kyung-hwan, CEO of Cardo. "Based on the know-how we’ve accumulated from the two contracts we signed this year agreeing to supply security tokens platforms, we will actively help Blade Entertainment with the planning, design and platform construction of their security token venture to help establish a successful service."