K-GAMES and KOCCA release report on overseas gaming regulations

South Korea’s cryptocurrency market is moving through a period of stricter oversight and policy debate, while major industry players pursue overseas listings against a backdrop of falling market valuations and weaker investor sentiment.Photo by Ori Song on UnsplashAccording to Newsis, financial regulators are close to finalizing penalties for the country’s major crypto exchanges after a wide-ranging review of their compliance systems. The Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) under the Financial Services Commission (FSC) is preparing to issue sanctions such as institutional warnings, fines, and personnel measures against platforms found to have breached anti-money laundering (AML) rules. These actions follow a series of on-site inspections that began in August 2024 with Dunamu, the operator of Upbit, and were later extended to Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit, and Gopax. Authorities plan to determine and announce penalties in the order of these inspections, which concluded in April 2025. Stablecoin debate growsAt the same time, a policy debate is unfolding in the parliament over how far South Korea should go in supporting digital asset innovation. The Maeil Business Newspaper reported that Democratic Party lawmaker Min Byoung-dug has questioned the Bank of Korea’s cautious stance on launching a won-backed stablecoin. The central bank has identified seven main risks associated with such an asset, including possible de-pegging and threats to monetary policy stability. Min argues that the bank is placing too much weight on these micro-level risks. In a recent report, he contended that delaying innovation could lead to larger, structural economic losses and said the risks identified by the central bank can be managed through oversight and product design rather than by avoiding stablecoins altogether. Dunamu–Naver deal targets NasdaqIn the corporate sector, major fintech firms are pushing ahead with international expansion plans. Naver Financial and Dunamu, which operates the Upbit exchange, have endorsed a merger plan involving a comprehensive share swap, according to The Herald Business. The share swap ratio has been set at 2.54 to 1. This development follows earlier reports that the two firms were close to an agreement intended to support a future Nasdaq listing in the United States. Bitcoin slide persistsThese regulatory, legislative, and corporate developments are taking place as market conditions deteriorate. Global data show weakening demand, with spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) recording about $3.5 billion in net outflows in November, according to Bloomberg, while CoinMarketCap data show Bitcoin prices down roughly 24% over the past month.  Domestic sentiment reflects this caution. In a weekly survey conducted by CoinNess and Cratos, 59.5% of South Korean investors said over the weekend that they expect Bitcoin prices to fall or crash this week, up from 43.6% a week earlier. Only 12.4% of respondents forecast a price increase. Views on the broader market cycle are also shifting. In the same survey, 42.9% of participants said they believe the bull market has already ended. Reflecting this sentiment, Alternative.me’s Crypto Fear & Greed Index is at 15, in the “Extreme Fear” zone as of Nov. 26. 

Energy Theft Results in Crypto Mining Operation Shutdown in BorneoAuthorities in Miri, a city on the island of Borneo in Malaysia, swiftly responded to a tip-off from the public, leading to the successful shutdown of an illegal cryptocurrency mining operation.According to local news source, The Borneo Post, during a well-executed raid, 34 mining servers were confiscated, all of which were illicitly drawing power through cable tapping.Photo by Muhammad Faiz Zulkeflee on UnsplashEnergy thieves turn to miningWhile Borneo offers some of the lowest energy prices in Malaysia, it continues to struggle with the problem of energy theft. That issue has been highlighted via a recent utility announcement. Sarawak Energy, the local energy provider, estimated that the criminal operation caused losses of approximately 6,000 Malaysian ringgits ($1,300) worth of stolen electricity each month.The rise of the Bitcoin mining industry in 2023 has brought about record-high network hash rates and network difficulty. While the growth of miners generally signifies the robustness of the Bitcoin network, smaller operators without the economies of scale enjoyed by larger corporations face challenges.One such challenge is energy generation to power their mining servers. In pursuit of higher profit potential with lower electricity rates, illegal mining operators are drawn to stealing electricity from the grid. By eliminating energy expenses, these illicit miners can accumulate profits and offset equipment costs.Fourth recent instanceThe recent incident marks the fourth major operation in Senadin, where Miri is located, where authorities have cracked down on power theft cases related to cryptocurrency mining in 2023. So far, over 137 Bitcoin mining servers have been seized during these operations.On the other side of the spectrum, legitimate crypto mining companies are actively securing funding to support their mining projects. Riot Platforms, for instance, invested a substantial $162.9 million to acquire 33,280 state-of-the-art equipment from MicroBT, a leading producer of mining machinery.In another example, Coinbase extended a $50 million credit line to Canadian cryptocurrency firm Hut 8 Mining, facilitating its operations. Furthermore, Volcano Energy, a public-private partnership in El Salvador, secured an initial funding of $250 million for its ambitious Bitcoin mining venture.Appropriate mining activityThe spate of recent instances of illegal mining in Borneo acts as a reminder of the importance of regulatory compliance and adherence to the law within the cryptocurrency industry. While the allure of lucrative profits may tempt some to engage in illegal activities, the consequences can be severe. Mining can be a positive societal force when applied within appropriate circumstances.A move by the President of Kyrgyzstan last week to harness crypto mining in order to utilize energy that is otherwise being wasted at the central Asian country’s Kambar-Ata-2 hydropower plant serves as a recent example of a positive use case for the activity.In Texas in the United States, crypto miners are collaborating with those that manage the local energy grid, turning off miners at times when the state is on the brink of suffering blackouts.As the crypto mining landscape continues to evolve, it is essential for both authorities and legitimate operators to work together in finding sustainable solutions that ensure the industry’s growth while maintaining the integrity of the energy infrastructure.

OSL Parent Company Denies Sale PlansBC Technology Group, a Hong Kong-based investment holding company, has firmly denied recent reports suggesting it is exploring the sale of its licensed digital asset business, OSL, for up to HK$1 billion (US$137.3 million).Photo by Nextvoyage on PexelsCompany stock plummetsThis comes in response to a report that emerged via Bloomberg on Monday. The news of the possible sale had a significant impact on the company’s stock, which plummeted by over 22% to HK$3.35 the following day.BC Technology Group, which has been listed on the Hong Kong stock exchange since 2012, is the parent company of OSL. The reports hinted at the possibility of selling off parts of the business, citing undisclosed sources.In response to these rumors, BC Technology Group issued a formal statement to clarify the situation, deeming the article “factually inaccurate and highly misleading.” It vehemently refuted any intention to sell OSL, a key player in the cryptocurrency exchange sector.First licensed exchangeOSL was the first cryptocurrency exchange to be licensed by the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) in Hong Kong in 2020, initially operated under a voluntary scheme and was limited to serving professional investors. However, the recent licensing requirement broadened its scope, allowing it to cater to retail investors as well, including popular cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum.Both OSL and HashKey had their licenses upgraded this year, enabling them to serve retail investors as per the new policy. However, the reception to this new regulatory framework has been somewhat lukewarm, with only five local exchanges applying for the new virtual asset trading platform (VATP) license. The SFC had to publish a list of applicants following a financial scandal involving the JPEX crypto exchange, which led to over 2,500 complaints and losses totaling approximately HK$1.5 billion.The backdrop of this unfolding situation is Hong Kong’s efforts to establish itself as a significant virtual asset hub. The city announced its ambition to transform into a hub for digital assets a year ago, drawing considerable attention from cryptocurrency exchanges. These efforts included implementing new regulations in June that mandated licensing for cryptocurrency exchanges.Several companies with connections to Hong Kong and mainland China have expressed their intent to obtain a license, potentially taking advantage of Hong Kong’s favorable stance toward virtual assets when compared to mainland China’s strict regulations.High compliance costsNonetheless, high compliance costs in Hong Kong continue to pose a barrier, potentially preventing the city from becoming the primary base of operations for crypto businesses. Industry insiders estimate that the cost of compliance from start to finish can be as high as HK$60 million for a company. Firms have reported that obtaining a trading license in Hong Kong can involve an outlay of between HK$20 million and HK$200 million.As per BC Technology Group’s mid-year report, the company reported a net loss of HK$94.7 million in the first half of 2023. This marked a notable improvement compared to the HK$312.1 million in losses during the same period the previous year. OSL remains a significant source of income for the company.