HKMA reflects on retail CBDC pilot phase one completion

South Korea is moving closer to the global stablecoin trend as public curiosity and real-world trials accelerate, even as the country’s central bank signals it wants tight guardrails. A recent analysis from Shinhan Card, reported by Money Today, finds that internet searches for “stablecoin” in South Korea jumped 403% in the first half of this year compared with the previous six months, based on data from major portals such as Google and Naver. Mentions on social media rose 359% over the same period. The spike reflects growing expectations that U.S. dollar-pegged tokens could make cross-border payments faster and cheaper by enabling near-instant settlement at prevailing foreign-exchange rates. Interest has been reinforced by user reviews of actual payment experiences, which climbed between May and July. Crypto-linked cards, including RedotPay and Bybit’s offerings, are already usable domestically and allow top-ups with leading stablecoins such as USDT and USDC. One user described buying a cup of coffee at a local shop with a RedotPay card via Apple Pay. The small purchase underscores how crypto rails are edging into routine spending.Photo by Oat Appleseed on UnsplashFrom curiosity to checkoutTrading venues remain the main arena. According to CryptoQuant, transactions in USDT and USDC on the country’s five leading exchanges totaled nearly $71 billion from January through August, underscoring stablecoins’ central role in crypto liquidity and price discovery. Stablecoin interest in Korea shows a skew toward younger users and men, with men making up 74% of related searches and women 26%. By age, people in their 20s–40s accounted for 66% of searches, while those aged 50 and above represented 34%. Public debate is widening alongside adoption, with some online commenters predicting that stablecoins could chip away at the influence of traditional card networks. At the same time, banks, card companies, and exchanges are bracing for the arrival of a won-pegged counterpart, as the government and parliament prepare a regulatory framework and aim to introduce a bill as early as this month. Domestic card issuers, drawing on their merchant networks and settlement systems, are already exploring how to integrate won-backed tokens in ways that maximize convenience and scalability. Adoption meets skepticismSkeptics counter that Korea’s existing payments infrastructure is already world-class, leaving only marginal gains for a won stablecoin. They also argue that cross-border benefits would be modest because the won lacks reserve-currency status and broad global demand. The Bank of Korea (BOK) has struck a notably conservative tone. Governor Rhee Chang-yong has previously questioned the benefits of a won-denominated stablecoin and warned of risks to the monetary system. Earlier this month, in documents submitted to a lawmaker and reported by The Herald Business, the BOK advised that parliament consider granting it authority to require issuers to deposit reserves at the central bank when necessary. According to the bank, such a measure would strengthen user protection during heavy redemptions, curb money-supply growth outside its control, and ensure that any seigniorage benefits flow to the public. That approach could reduce issuer profits, since deposits at the BOK would not earn interest, just as is the case for commercial banks. The documents also recommend sizing reserves to match the total stablecoin supply, while clarifying that not all of it would necessarily need to be held at the central bank. Issuance path and next stepsAs for who should issue a won-pegged token, the BOK favors starting with a consortium of banks, citing their track record on compliance and the need for a controlled pilot that lets regulators assess and mitigate risks before widening access. The developments suggest a country exploring how stablecoins might integrate into an already sophisticated payments network. Consumers are showing interest, exchanges are handling large flows, and regulators are shaping the legal framework that will define the place of any future won-based digital currency. 

OKX is set to compensate users after its native exchange token, OKB, experienced a rapid 48% flash crash on Tuesday. OKB price fluctuationThe crash occurred within a brief three-minute window, triggered by a series of liquidations resulting from an abnormal price fluctuation. During the event, OKB's diluted market capitalization plummeted by $6.5 billion. At around 9 a.m. GMT on Tuesday, the price of OKB dropped from $46.80 to $25.10, representing a 48% decrease within 15 minutes. However, the token has since recovered, currently trading at $47.63 at the time of writing. The crash led to the triggering of liquidations for large leverage positions, causing a cascading effect on pledged loans, leverage transactions and cross-currency transactions.Photo by Nicholas Cappello on UnsplashCompensation planOKX responded promptly, pledging to fully compensate users for any additional losses incurred due to abnormal liquidation. The exchange aims to launch a specific compensation plan within the next three days, taking into account users who engaged in on-chain trades. In a statement on Tuesday, the platform suggested that it is committed to enhancing "margin position tier rules, risk management controls and liquidation mechanism" to prevent similar issues in the future. The flash crash coincided with a day of notable price swings across cryptocurrency markets, partly driven by the Grayscale Bitcoin Trust's (GBTC) sale of bitcoin to meet investor redemption demands on its exchange-traded fund (ETF). Additionally, the bankrupt crypto exchange FTX has been selling nearly $1 billion worth of GBTC ETF shares recently, further contributing to market volatility. Focusing on complianceOKX has been actively focusing on regulatory compliance in recent times. On Dec. 29, the exchange announced the delisting of several privacy coins, including Monero (XMR), Zcash (ZEC), Dash (DASH) and Horizen (ZEN). Subsequently, on Jan. 2, the platform introduced additional requirements for United Kingdom users to comply with the new Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) regulations, including the mandatory completion of risk assessment questionnaires before engaging in trading activities. Flash crashes are a common occurrence in cryptocurrency markets, often attributed to thin liquidity distributed across multiple venues. The 2% market depth for OKB indicates that a sell order exceeding $224,000 could potentially trigger another price cascade. Notwithstanding that, oftentimes it can be difficult to pinpoint the precise reason for a flash crash. In 2021 global crypto exchange Kraken experienced a flash crash that saw token prices drop by in excess of 50% over the course of one hour before recovery was achieved. While some suggested it was caused by a technical glitch, Kraken founder Jesse Powell dismissed that notion, pointing instead to the possibility of a large-scale sell-off by a service user. Despite this recent challenge, OKB remains a significant player in the cryptocurrency space, boasting a market cap of $2.8 billion, making it the fourth-largest exchange token in circulation, according to CoinGecko. 

Zodia Custody to Commence Yield Offering on StablecoinsIn a play that’s designed to entice institutional investors, Zodia Custody, a portfolio company of Japanese financial services conglomerate SBI, is gearing up to offer a yield on digital assets.Photo by CoinWire Japan on UnsplashIntroducing “Zodia Custody Yield”The crypto startup has introduced “Zodia Custody Yield,” a crypto staking option designed to reward holders of crypto assets stored within its platform. The initiative has been launched in partnership with Singapore-based DeFi platform OpenEden. It promises returns on stablecoins although full details on the offering remain undisclosed.Jeremy Ng, Co-Founder of OpenEden, expressed his belief in the potential of cryptocurrencies to generate substantial passive income for their holders. Ng stated:“There are billions of dollars worth of stablecoins sitting on the sidelines when they could easily be generating yields for investors.”TradFi embracing digital assetsZodia’s move aligns with a growing trend in the financial industry. Yesterday, a leading US bank, Citi, disclosed its collaboration with Maersk to facilitate services that convert funds into digital assets. The primary goal is to enable the bank’s customers to execute nearly instantaneous payments, unrestricted by traditional business hours.Simultaneously, several prominent asset management firms are awaiting a pivotal decision from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regarding their applications to launch a spot Bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF). This list includes major players such as BlackRock, Invesco, WisdomTree, ARK Invest, Valkyrie, and Franklin Templeton. BlackRock, the frontrunner in the efforts being expended towards ETF approval, submitted its application for a spot Bitcoin ETF on June 16.In a recent interview, Bloomberg analyst Eric Balchunas said that he expects $150 billion in capital to flow into the Bitcoin market within two years of a spot Bitcoin ETF approval in the US.The financial strategies of these entities now prominently feature blockchain and crypto-based products, once considered niche but now integral to their operations. Nonetheless, even with widespread anticipation of the approval of BlackRock’s ETF, the firm faces substantial obstacles. US regulators have subjected BlackRock to intense scrutiny due to concerns regarding its ties to China. Additionally, political figures have criticized the asset manager for prioritizing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria over investor returns.Zodia was spun out of British multinational banking firm Standard Chartered. The bank has a positive outlook relative to crypto. In a bold prediction made in June, the UK-based bank forecasted that the value of Bitcoin could potentially surge to $50,000 by the end of the year, with an even more optimistic projection of $120,000 for 2024.In 2021 Standard Chartered, in collaboration with Northern Trust, a leading asset servicing firm, founded Zodia Custody. Since its inception, the venture has garnered a respectable level of success. It successfully secured $36 million in investments and solidified a partnership with SBI Digital Asset Holdings, enabling its expansion into the Japanese market.In May, the firm launched its crypto custodian service in Dubai, having signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the Dubai International Financial Center (DIFC). In June, Zodia partnered with blockchain infrastructure provider Blockdaemon, in an effort to further its crypto staking offering. Earlier this month, the company announced its arrival in Singapore, with a view towards expanding its digital asset custody service there.