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Korean Crypto Market’s Healthy Growth Requires Corporate ParticipationA healthy growth of the South Korean virtual asset industry needs the private sector’s investment in cryptocurrencies, a legal scholar argued at a recent international academic conference titled “Digital Financial Transition and International Trends in Commercial Law.”That’s according to a report by local news outlet Edaily. Namgung Ju-hyun, an assistant professor of commercial law at Sungkyunkwan University Law School, attended the two-day event hosted over the last weekend by the Korea Commercial Law Association to point out that the current restrictions on corporate investments in cryptocurrencies have not only increased speculation within the domestic market but have also hampered Korean companies’ endeavors in pursuing blockchain-powered projects.Banks and companiesProfessor Namgung addressed the current situation where Korean commercial banks are withholding real-name bank accounts from firms without specific legal grounds. This practice became common after the Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information was revised in March 2021. This Act requires virtual asset service providers (VASPs) to adhere to anti-money laundering (AML) regulations; therefore, firms wishing to trade cryptocurrencies with the South Korean currency must have real-name accounts with domestic banks. While the Act doesn’t explicitly restrict issuing such accounts to corporations, banks have shown reluctance to do so.However, in countries like the United States, cryptocurrency trading in the corporate world is thriving. For instance, institutional investors at Coinbase, America’s largest crypto exchange, accounted for over 85% of the total trading volume in the first quarter, a rise from 76% during the same period last year.Photo by JESHOOTS.COM on UnsplashMinor altcoins’ strong presenceProfessor Namgung identified the prevalence of retail investors and their speculative behaviors as the primary issue plaguing the Korean crypto market. A case in point is a relatively large proportion of trades in minor altcoins. As per a report by the Korean Financial Services Commission (FSC), the combined market cap of BTC and ETH accounted for only 33% in the domestic market, a contrast to their 58.2% share in the global market. Namgung underscored that the high trade volumes of volatile crypto assets contribute to the Kimchi premium, a phenomenon where crypto prices in Korea are higher than those in other countries.Namgung also mentioned that Korean companies like Hyundai Motor, Lotte Homeshopping, and Shinsegae, despite promoting projects based on non-fungible tokens (NFTs), face difficulties due to their inability to convert cryptocurrencies to cash on domestic crypto exchanges. In comparison, global companies like Nike are successfully leveraging NFTs for their projects and exploring new business opportunities.Role of financial authoritiesProfessor Namgung urged Korean financial authorities to devise guidelines that encourage corporate participation in the crypto market, eliminating uncertainties. As a step towards risk management, he recommended considering publicly traded companies or established firms of a certain size as initial participants in the crypto market.Input from international scholarsPrior to Professor Namgung’s talk, the international academic conference also featured presentations from foreign scholars, namely Mirella Pellegrini, a professor at LUISS University of Rome; Marco Bodellini, an associate lecturer in banking and financial law at Queen Mary University of London; and Albert H. Choi, a professor of law at the University of Michigan Law School.Professor Pellegrini discussed personalized financial products and investor protection in the digital market from the perspective of the European Union. Dr. Bodellini provided insights into central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) from a policy perspective, while Professor Choi focused on digital transformation and retail shareholder engagement.

Samjong KPMG, the South Korean division of global accounting firm KPMG, is gearing up to host a seminar on virtual assets. The event is scheduled for Jan. 5 (KST) and is organized in partnership with Xangle, a Web3 data intelligence platform. Earlier this month, the two entities agreed to collaborate in exploring on-chain data relevant to crypto accounting.Photo by Markus Winkler on UnsplashGrowing crypto marketRecently, there has been a notable increase in the crypto market activity in South Korea, with the daily trading volume of virtual assets surpassing KRW 10 trillion (approximately $7.8 billion), equivalent to approximately $7.8 billion. In response to this burgeoning market, South Korea is looking forward to the implementation of the Virtual Asset User Protection Act in July. Additionally, last week, the country’s financial regulators issued the final version of new guidelines for cryptocurrency accounting and disclosure. In light of these recent developments in South Korea's crypto market, the event organized by Samjong KPMG and Xangle aims to bring together crypto entrepreneurs to discuss strategies for adapting to the new corporate regulations concerning accounting, disclosure and internal control. This seminar will provide an opportunity for stakeholders in the crypto industry to prepare for the upcoming regulatory changes, ensuring compliance and effective management in this evolving financial landscape.From market forecast to taxationIn the upcoming seminar, a series of talks are slated to shed light on the shifting landscape of the cryptocurrency market. The first presentation will feature Junwoo James Kim, Co-CEO of Xangle, who is set to present a forecast for the cryptocurrency market in the next year.  Following Kim's presentation, Park Jong-baek, a Partner at law firm Bae, Kim & Lee, will take the stage. Park's expertise in legal matters will guide the audience through the current and forthcoming regulatory trends in virtual assets. Meanwhile, Choi Yeon-taek, Director at Samjong KPMG, will address the practical aspects of the recently released guidelines for cryptocurrency. His discussion will focus on their application in corporate accounting, disclosure and internal control. Xangle’s Co-CEO Lee Hyun-woo will highlight the importance of complying with disclosure rules for virtual asset information, focusing on aspects like circulating supply. Furthermore, Samjong KPMG’s Director Kim Byung-kook will address taxation issues related to virtual assets.Accounting transparency and investor protectionAccording to a report by local news outlet The Maeil Business Newspaper, Park Sung-bae, the head of the virtual asset business consulting division at Samjong KPMG, expressed optimism about the upcoming seminar’s potential impact. He hopes that the event will play a significant role in fostering a healthy cryptocurrency market. The focus will be on changing regulations that aim to enhance accounting transparency and protect investors, underlining the importance of adapting to these changes. Echoing Park's sentiments, Lee from Xangle emphasized the importance of clear and well-defined regulations for the cryptocurrency market, given that such regulations enhance transparency and help maintain the overall health of the crypto ecosystem. He highlighted that despite various challenges and concerns, the crypto market has continued to grow. Lee expressed his hope that the seminar will be particularly beneficial for individuals and organizations involved in Web3 projects, aiding them in navigating and understanding the evolving regulatory environment.  

Japanese Exchanges Canvas Regulator to Permit 10x LeverageJapan’s cryptocurrency exchanges are advocating for looser regulations on margin trading, despite the global digital asset market crash experienced last year.According to a report published by Bloomberg on Monday, The Japan Virtual & Crypto Assets Exchange Association has revealed that many industry insiders are seeking leverage limits of four to 10 times for retail investors.Currently, customers are limited to doubling their exposure through borrowing. Genki Oda, the Vice Chairman of the association, believes that relaxing the leverage rule could enhance Japan’s appeal to crypto and blockchain companies, thereby stimulating increased trading activity.Photo by Su San Lee on UnsplashOngoing discussionJapanese digital asset exchanges are currently engaged in discussions to establish a consensus on the recommended leverage limit. They are planning to present their proposal to the Financial Services Agency (FSA) as early as next month.While Japan has made some efforts to ease certain cryptocurrency regulations, such as token listing and taxation, the overall regulatory environment is considered strict. The FSA expects crypto firms to provide solid justifications for loosening margin trading caps, demonstrating how it would contribute to the government’s objective of expanding blockchain-based industries. However, the agency remains open to discussions with digital asset businesses on the matter.Plummeting trade volumesPreviously, Japanese crypto platforms offered leverage up to 25 times, resulting in annual margin trading volumes of approximately $500 billion in 2020 and 2021. However, after the FSA imposed a limit of two times to curb excessive speculation and protect investors from amplified losses, trading volumes plummeted by 75% in 2022.In other parts of the world, digital asset exchanges typically offer spot margin trading with leverage ranging from five to 10 times the initial deposit, depending on local regulations. Some platforms even offer more aggressive lending options, often associated with speculative behavior that can generate waves of greed and fear within the crypto market.Oda argues that digital asset volatility has decreased since 2020 and asserts that Japanese exchanges are well-prepared to assist investors in managing the risks associated with margin trading positions. However, any relaxation of leverage rules is not expected to occur before 2024.Leverage dangersLast year’s global cryptocurrency downturn exposed risky practices and resulted in numerous bankruptcies. Regulators worldwide have responded by implementing new rules and regulations that address the lessons learned. While leverage might be in the interests of the exchange operators, many industry commentators have warned that leverage brings about market weakness.Caitlin Long, Founder and CEO of Custodia Bank, has been one such commentator, warning that massive leverage “built an industry of insolvent intermediaries” on a “foundation of sand”. It’s commonly believed that leverage leads to unsustainable market bubbles rather than iterative organic market growth.In 2022, an index tracking the top 100 cryptocurrencies partially recovered, showing a 33% increase since the beginning of this year. However, the market still faces challenges, as institutional and individual investors have exited, leading to reduced liquidity and lower expectations for price volatility in Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies.