Rising Cryptocurrency Arbitrage Transactions Raise Concerns in South Korea

Having made significant strides in undertaking testing of the digital yuan in recent times, Hong Kong is expanding its e-CNY pilot testing while at the same time crafting its own central bank digital currency (CBDC), dubbed the e-HKD.Photo by Simon Zhu on UnsplashIntegrating e-CNY with FPSDuring a recent budget speech Hong Kong’s Financial Secretary Paul Chan unveiled plans to empower Hong Kong residents to bolster their digital yuan wallets through the local “Faster Payment System” (FPS), marking another move forward in bolstering cross-border payment efficiency.FPS is a real-time payment settlement system which enables the user to complete payments across banks through the use of recipient mobile phone numbers and email addresses. The move dovetails with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority's (HKMA) successful completion of the inaugural phase of its e-HKD pilot, propelling it into the second phase. The e-HKD pilot is focusing on retail applications such as programmable payments, offline transactions and tokenized deposits. At the same time as the e-CNY garners momentum, the HKMA is progressing the e-HKD in terms of unlocking the full potential of CBDCs in everyday financial transactions. This consists of the exploration of retail applications in the initial phase, coupled with the transition towards more intricate functionalities in the subsequent phase, underscoring Hong Kong's intent towards driving ever greater CBDC innovation within the Chinese autonomous territory. Streamlining transactionsThe integration of the e-CNY with Hong Kong's FPS promises to streamline transactions and elevate the fluidity of cross-border payments between Hong Kong and mainland China. This initiative follows on from an announcement back in September of last year to expand the e-CNY pilot program in Hong Kong. Financial Secretary Paul Chan aims to forge a bridge between mainland China and international markets, potentially setting a global precedent for CBDC interoperability and utilization. Furthermore, Hong Kong's issuance of the world's premier multi-currency tokenized bond, followed by a subsequent batch of tokenized green bonds, signifies the city's leadership in fusing digital finance with sustainable investment strategies, drawing significant interest from global institutional investors. mBridge initiativeThe collaborative efforts of the HKMA with the Bank for International Settlements and other central banks on the mBridge CBDC project further demonstrate Hong Kong's proactive stance in shaping the trajectory of international finance. Last month, authorities in China outlined yet another initiative that is designed to bring about cross-border use of the e-CNY with Hong Kong. The mBridge initiative, a multi-CBDC platform to support cross-border payments is being harnessed to bring about greater trade using digital currency across various jurisdictions. The project involves the central banks of China, Hong Kong, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Thailand. This concerted endeavor, coupled with Hong Kong’s array of digital currency ventures, positions the city at the forefront of CBDC innovation. All of this development comes as China has established new milestones recently, with the completion of an international oil deal using the digital yuan together with similar deals involving gold and iron ore. 

Over the course of the past two weeks, the unit price of Ethereum (ETH) has surged 32%, with a report from a Singapore-based crypto financial services firm asserting that the Asian market has had a large part to play in that increase. Taking to X on July 16, Matrixport, a crypto financial services platform, provided its daily analysis in which it suggested that “Ethereum’s recent outperformance appears to be heavily influenced by Asia.”Photo by DrawKit Illustrations on UnsplashAsian market influenceThe company included a graph in which it had plotted Ethereum’s recent performance during Asian trading hours, asserting that as much as 17% of the uptick in the Ether unit price can be accounted for by the actions of market participants within the Asian market. It added:"The influence of the Asian market in the pricing of crypto assets is continuing to rise, whether in terms of volatility or trading momentum.” ETH ETFs in Hong KongSpot ETH exchange-traded funds (ETFs) were approved in Hong Kong in April 2024. Hong Kong ETH ETF volumes have risen substantially in July, with significant inflows being recorded related to both retail and institutional investors.  In the past, many commentators have suggested that the addition of staking would be an attractive prospect for institutional investors who like the idea of accumulating an ongoing yield. With that, Asian investors may be enticed to delve further into Ethereum positions going forward, given that ETF issuers are trying to add that component to their offerings. Huaxia Fund, a subsidiary of China Asset Management (ChinaAMC), is preparing to launch staking as part of its ETH ETF. Another potential driver for ETH in Asia in the future lies with the ongoing enablement of trading via established institutions. Earlier this week, China Merchants Bank’s brokerage arm received a virtual asset license in Hong Kong to trade crypto assets. It’s the first mainland China-affiliated brokerage to be awarded such a license, with licensing enabling it to offer trading services related to assets like Ether. Global assetWhile Asia is playing a role in ETH’s recent move upwards, the asset is traded globally and with that, factors further afield are also playing a role. Tom Lee, founder of American financial research firm Fundstrat, pointed out on X that ETH had been range-bound since 2021. However, he believes that the rise of stablecoins, which by and large run on Ethereum, together with ongoing growth in the tokenization of real-world assets (RWAs), is driving demand for the digital asset. While Bitcoin treasury companies have played a significant part in driving Bitcoin in recent months, Ethereum is starting to see similar activity. Lee made the point that Strategy (formerly MicroStrategy) “set the standard for Treasuries,” but that now BitMine “wants to be the Microstrategy of Ethereum.” The crypto mining and treasury firm confirmed on July 17 that it now holds $1 billion worth of Ethereum. Arthur Hayes, co-founder of BitMEX and chief investment officer (CIO) at Hong Kong family office, Maelstrom, said that it was “ETH szn” and that the Maelstrom Fund is buying the digital asset. Tom Dunleavy, head of venture at Varys Capital, asserts that ETH will hit a unit price of $10,000 by the end of 2026.

Bitkub Addresses Market Conditions Thru Job CutsBitkub Capital Group, the parent company of Thailand’s largest digital asset exchange Bitkub Online, has made adjustments to its workforce and employee benefits in an effort to manage costs during challenging economic conditions.Photo by Braden Jarvis on Unsplash5.5% staff reductionAccording to a statement released on Wednesday, approximately 5.5% of personnel within the Bitkub Capital Group have been let go, while around 2% of staff at Bitkub Online were also affected.Contrary to reports in local media suggesting that half of the company’s employees were terminated in late June, Bitkub Capital Group clarified that the reduction in workforce was relatively small compared to the overall number of employees in the group.Change in employee benefitsThe company did not provide specific details about the changes in employee benefits, only stating that one perk had been removed. The decision to implement these measures stems from the current economic downturn and the need to manage costs effectively, Bitkub explained.Bitkub Capital recorded a net profit of 1.3 billion baht ($37.49 million) in 2022, marking the second consecutive year of profitability for the company. However, net profit declined by 39% compared to the previous year, falling from 2.1 billion baht in 2021. Expenses also surged from 117 million baht in 2021 to 394 million baht in 2022.Bitkub Capital Group encompasses various entities in addition to the crypto exchange, including Bitkub Ventures (the venture capital arm), Bitkub Labs (also known as Bitkub Academy, the education arm), Bitkub Blockchain Technology (a consulting company focused on blockchain), and Bitkub Infinity (a portfolio management service provider).Bitkub Online, the crypto exchange unit, reported a profit of 341 million baht for the financial year ending on December 31, 2022, representing an 86% decline compared to the previous year. Total revenues for 2022 amounted to 2.8 billion baht, which marked a significant decrease of 48% compared to its peak performance in 2021 when it generated 5.5 billion baht in revenue.In a separate development, Asphere International, a game publisher listed on the Bangkok Stock Exchange, recently acquired a 9.22% stake in Bitkub Online for 600 million baht, valuing the startup at 6.5 billion baht.Broader regional trendThe downsizing at Bitkub reflects a broader trend among technology companies in the region. In June, aCommerce, a local e-commerce enabler, laid off at least 20 employees citing similar economic challenges. The same month, Grab, the Singapore-based ride-hailing and food delivery giant, announced a significant round of layoffs, with 1,000 employees, including the Thailand team, being let go.Bitkub’s decision to adjust its workforce and streamline employee benefits is a response to the economic headwinds it faces. It’s not the company’s first setback. Last year, Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) penalized the firm’s CTO, Samret Wajanasathain, on the basis of insider trading.The cyclical nature of the digital asset exchange business means that Bitkub can seek to weather this storm and benefit from the upside once market conditions inevitably become more favorable in the not too distant future.