China’s Jiangsu Province Integrates Digital Yuan Into Education System

The European Union (EU) introduced its Markets in Crypto Assets (MiCA) regulation in June of last year, refining the EU bloc’s stance relative to digital assets. However, one crypto sector entrepreneur believes that the regulatory framework may force crypto startups to relocate to the Middle East. In an interview with Cointelegraph, Anastasija Plotnikova, co-founder and CEO of Fideum, a blockchain infrastructure company geared towards institutions, outlined that the application of this regulatory framework by EU member states may have some unintended consequences.Photo by Christian Lue on UnsplashCentralization concernsWhile Plotnikova welcomes the legitimization of crypto through regulation as a net positive for the sector, she warns that this particular regulatory framework could lead to consolidation among crypto firms. That would mean a reduction in the overall number of Web3 enterprises in Europe and as a consequence, increased risk of centralization in an industry that is supposed to be all about decentralization. Whilst the regulatory framework was introduced last year, it's not due to go into full effect until Dec. 30, 2024. Plotnikova believes that the framework doesn’t give crypto startups the wriggle room to scale whereas in the case of larger entities with much more assets under management, they will find it much easier to scale. French multinational financial services company Societe Generale, an entity with around $160 billion worth of assets under management and 126,000 employees, stands out as an example. It recently announced that SG Forge, a subsidiary company, would partner with Austrian crypto exchange Bitpanda to issue and list its EUR ConVertible (EURCV) euro-denominated stablecoin. Another European TradFi behemoth, Landesbank, Germany’s largest federal bank, announced earlier this year that it will launch crypto custody services. Global competitionSpeaking to the publication on the margins of the European Blockchain Convention in Barcelona earlier this week, Plotnikova stated: “I'm afraid it will lead to consolidation between European and American companies, and they will just move somewhere to the Middle East. The European Union had has done amazing things in harmonising legislation, but enforcement comes down to local and national authorities and they vary greatly.” There’s no doubt that various world centers and regions have been competing to varying extents to become innovative hubs relative to the development of blockchain-based enterprises. Plotnikova alluded to Europe losing out to the Middle East in this instance and principal among those nations in the region vying for a share of the business has been the United Arab Emirates (UAE).  The UAE itself, together with individual emirates such as Abu Dhabi and Dubai, has been putting in place a regulatory framework relative to crypto that has been broadly praised by the crypto sector. As recently as earlier last week, the Dubai regulator continues to fine tune its regulatory framework, tightening up requirements related to the marketing of crypto products and services. A recent report by Chainalysis found that the Middle East region accounted for 7.5% of global crypto trading volume, with the UAE and Saudi Arabia having been found to demonstrate a strong interest in decentralized platforms. 

The Philippines is on track to finalize Project Agila, its wholesale central bank digital currency (CBDC) trial, by the end of this year. Three primary use casesThat’s according to statements made on March 6 by Deputy Governor Mamerto Tangonan of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) —  the Philippine central bank. According to a local news report by GMA News, the Deputy Governor outlined three primary use cases for the wholesale CBDC trials in a press conference: interbank settlement, settlement of securities transactions and cross-border payments. Notably, the Philippines is participating as an observer in the cross-border CBDC project mBridge, which involves China, Hong Kong, Thailand and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Six domestic institutions are involved in the current tests in the Philippines: BDO Unibank, China Banking Corp, Land Bank of the Philippines, Rizal Commercial Banking, Union Bank of the Philippines and Maya Philippines.Photo by OJ Serrano on UnsplashUsing pilot as ‘learning exercise’Tangonan described the pilot as a "learning exercise in order to put us in a better position to assess whether this technology is what, itself, claims to be.” Typically, central bank accounts are restricted to commercial banks and some central counterparties in financial markets. However, the BSP intends for the wholesale CBDC to be accessible to banks and certain financial institutions. Nevertheless, past tests, including one in Canada, have highlighted potential limitations, such as the inability of brokers to use the wholesale CBDC for settlement. An ongoing interest since 2020The Philippines initially expressed interest in issuing a CBDC in 2020, with the BSP Monetary Board conducting a positive initial assessment of a wholesale CBDC and planning pilot tests from 2022 onwards, known then as Project CBDCPh. The launch of the pilot project was announced in April 2022. In 2023, the Southeast Asian country participated in a pilot study with the Digital Dollar Project, Western Union and BDO Unibank to explore a retail CBDC for remittance purposes. While the study found potential cost reductions and increased transparency and competition, it also identified challenges related to transaction speed, particularly due to most remittances arriving after working hours. Moving away from blockchainLast September, the BSP announced plans to utilize the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain. However, in February, Governor Eli Remolona stated that the CBDC would not be utilizing blockchain technology. At that time, the central bank Governor had indicated the expectation of launching a wholesale CBDC either next year or by 2026. Elsewhere in the Asian region, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) recently announced its own wholesale CBDC trials, Project Ensemble, underscoring the growing interest and activity in CBDC development across various jurisdictions. The Chinese autonomous territory is also cooperating with its colleagues in mainland China in participating in testing of the digital yuan or e-CNY, with a particular focus on cross-border payments.India represents another key Asian nation which has devoted quite a lot of time and resources to CBDC development already. However, a report last month suggested that the world’s most populous country has concerns with regard to the question of privacy relative to CBDC use. For that reason, it has determined the need to remain cautious while continuing CBDC development.  

Pyth Network, an oracle network that provides a bridge between blockchain smart contracts and real-world data, has added pricing data related to stocks listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEX) to its service offering. Data covering 85 stocksIn a social media post, the project stated that it’s “bringing the Hong Kong market onchain.” In building out the future of finance, DeFi application developers need real-world data from traditional finance sources. Pyth Network confirmed that real-time data in the case of 85 stocks listed on HKEX is now live. In announcing the development, the company disclosed that price feed data is updated every 400 milliseconds and sourced from institutional-grade venues. Once added to the Pyth Network, the data is made available on a multi-network basis across in excess of 100 blockchain networks.Photo by Anne Nygård on UnsplashGateway dataHKEX data is perceived to be significant given that it is a major global exchange, while acting as a key gateway between global and Chinese markets. Pyth Network stated: “Whether you’re building trading strategies, structured products, tokenized portfolios, or simply want access to real-world stock prices from Asia’s financial gateway, these feeds bring Hong Kong’s equity market onchain openly, instantly, and permissionlessly.” In a blog post published to its website on July 28, Pyth Network outlined that this data addition accounts for data related to companies that have a combined equity market value of over $5 trillion. The project stated that this new data is “giving builders, traders, and protocols around the world direct, real-time access to one of the largest financial markets on earth.” Improving access to APAC equitiesThe project made the point that for many years, access to real-time data from the primary markets within the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region has been cost-prohibitive. It claimed that data terminals with this information can cost in excess of $30,000 per year. Pyth Network feels that with its market offering now incorporating HKEX market data, it is opening up access to this data for developers and DeFi protocol projects. This development is the latest in a string of updates that the project has brought about recently. Earlier this month, the project announced a partnership with tokenized real-world asset (RWA) provider Ondo Finance. The deal sees the duo oversee the launch of a USDY/USD price feed, which will be distributed by Pyth across 65 blockchain ecosystems. Similar to its latest unlocking of HKEX equity data, in June it enabled access to real-time onchain pricing related to the UK’s most actively traded equities. Going forward, the company states that “foundational market data will be open, composably integrated, updated in real-time, and available to anyone with an internet connection.” In March 2024, Pyth’s price feeds went live on Injective inEVM, an Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)-compatible layer-2 rollup developed by Injective Labs. At the time of writing, the unit price of PYTH, Pyth Network’s native utility and governance token, was $0.1204, according to CoinGecko data.