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Akira ransomware, responsible for stealing $42 million from over 250 organizations across North America, Europe and Australia in just a year, is now targeting businesses in Singapore. In response, Singaporean authorities have issued a joint advisory warning local businesses about the increasing threat posed by a variant of this ransomware.Photo by Mike Enerio on UnsplashAlert follows complaintsThe alert follows multiple complaints from victims, prompting agencies like the Cyber Security Agency of Singapore (CSA), the Singapore Police Force (SPF) and the Personal Data Protection Commission (PDPC) to take action. These agencies emphasize the urgency of recognizing and combating this threat. How Akira operatesAkira affiliates employ various techniques to infiltrate a victim's network. These include exploiting known vulernabilities. For example, that could mean the targeting of services like Cisco virtual private networks (VPNs) that have been configured without multi-factor authentication (MFA). Another approach that the ransomware incorporates is attacking external-facing services such as the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) via brute force. Social engineering is another tool within its repertoire. This involves tricking victims into downloading malicious software or entering credentials on phishing websites. There is a marketplace for compromised credentials in the dark web. Akira also relies on such data, acquiring it from access brokers who sell network access.  Once inside a network, Akira affiliates often create new domain accounts to maintain persistent access, even after reboots. They use numerous tools to steal user credentials, escalate privileges and spread throughout the network. Detection and prevention measuresThe Singaporean advisory outlines several strategies for detecting, deterring and neutralizing Akira attacks. Authorities strongly advise against paying ransoms, on the basis that doing so does not guarantee data recovery or prevent future attacks. Authorities also warn that paying ransoms can encourage further attacks. The FBI has noted that Akira operators do not contact victims. Instead, they expect victims to initiate contact. Payment in BitcoinThe advisory outlines how Bitcoin is implicated in the ransomware scam. It states:”Ransom payments are requested in Bitcoin, which are directed to cryptocurrency wallet addresses specified by the affiliates. The TOR site (.onion) where victims contact the affiliates, contains stolen information and a list of the affected organisations.” It’s not the first time that Singaporean authorities have issued warnings that have implicated Bitcoin and crypto. In January, the CSA and SPF, in a joint advisory, suggested that people should use hardware wallets in an effort to guard against crypto-related malware and phishing attacks. A number of weeks prior to that, Singapore’s former Prime Minister, Lee Hsien Loong, took to Facebook to issue a warning with regard to a crypto scam that involved the use of deceptive content generated using artificial intelligence (AI). Mitigation techniquesBusinesses are being urged by the authorities to adopt best practices to mitigate the Akira ransomware threat. They suggest the implementation of a recovery plan alongside the use of multi-factor authentication (MFA) in order to secure data and the access to that data.  They also suggest filtering network traffic as it helps in identifying and blocking malicious activities. Meanwhile, disabling unused ports and hyperlinks curbs the risk further as it reduces the attack surface. Lastly, the authorities suggested the use of system-wide encryption to protect data even if it is accessed by unauthorized entities.

Despite interest expressed by a Japanese lawmaker earlier this month for Japan to establish a strategic Bitcoin reserve, the country’s prime minister has declined to offer support for the idea.Photo by Su San Lee on UnsplashInsufficient informationJapanese crypto media outlet CoinPost reported on Dec. 26 that the country’s prime minister, Shigeru Ishiba, refrained from endorsing the notion of a Japanese strategic Bitcoin reserve on the basis that he and his government lack sufficient information on the subject. With that, Ishiba feels that it’s “difficult for the government to express its views” on the matter. The Japanese prime minister was prompted to offer his views on the subject having been queried by Japanese Member of Parliament (MP), Satoshi Hamada. During a question and answer session earlier this month, Hamada cited the United States and Brazil as examples of states that are currently considering the addition of Bitcoin as a reserve asset.  The Japanese lawmaker suggested that policymakers in those countries were leaning towards the consideration of Bitcoin as a hedge against economic risks, and that on that basis, he believed that the Japanese government should give the use of Bitcoin as a national reserve asset consideration. Hamada stated: “I think Japan should follow the example of the United States and consider turning some of its foreign exchange reserves into crypto assets such as Bitcoin.” Ishiba has responded by stating that his government lacks sufficient information relative to this “movement of introducing Bitcoin reserves that the United States and other countries are proceeding with.” Additionally, the Japanese government maintains that stability and liquidity are of paramount importance when it comes to the country’s foreign exchange reserves. With those factors in mind, it believes that Bitcoin is incompatible due to its price volatility. Unsustainable debt levels Some proponents of Bitcoin suggest that it offers a way forward for countries that have developed an unsustainable level of debt. In an X post published on Dec. 27, Thomas Jeegers, chief financial officer (CFO) at Swiss Bitcoin-only app enterprise Relai, set out a case for Bitcoin on that basis. Jeegers outlined that the United States has a debt of $36 trillion, accounting for 120% of gross domestic product (GDP).  He describes the Japanese scenario as being considerably worse, where the country’s debt accounts for 200% of GDP. Jeegers forecasts that the trajectory is unsustainable, with debt having grown “far beyond manageable levels.” The Relai CFO warns that the financial world is at breaking point and “it’s not a matter of 'if' but 'when' the system buckles under its own weight.” Earlier this month, investment manager VanEck published a report claiming that a strategic Bitcoin reserve could facilitate the U.S. in reducing its national debt by up to 36% by 2050. Like Japan, Russia has also decided against a strategic Bitcoin reserve. Although Finance Minister Anton Siluanov pointed towards Bitcoin’s unit price volatility being an issue, he is open to reassessing the matter in the future.

Hashed, a blockchain-focused investment firm with bases in Seoul and San Francisco, announced on Tuesday (KST) that it has invested a total of KRW 36.8 billion ($28.4 million) in 29 distinct projects over the course of this year, as reported by Korean news outlet Etoday.Photo by Mathieu Stern on UnsplashInfrastructure, gaming and financeThe Web3 investor has distributed its funds across various sectors, allocating 21% each to infrastructure, gaming and finance. Geographically, their investments were also diverse: South Korea has received 38% of the funds, North America 21% and Europe 7%. Other Asian countries, including Singapore, accounted for 34%. Of the 29 investments Hashed undertook, 20 were new additions. The company participated in seed funding rounds for a variety of ventures: Radius, a shared sequencing layer; Decentralised Gaming Ventures, a builder of Web3 games; AnotherBall, the company behind the VTuber platform Izumo; and Delabs Games, a studio focused on Web3 gaming.The remaining nine were follow-up investments. Among these projects were Archway, a Cosmos-based layer 1 blockchain; Payhere, a provider of mobile point-of-sale (POS) systems; and Dfns, an API-first key management solution. Hashed Ventures, the company’s investment arm, oversees two funds: one with a capital of KRW 120 billion and the other with KRW 240 billion. Through these funds, Hashed has invested in a total of 86 portfolio companies. This year, some of their notable investments include public chain project Aptos, Web3 startup Story Protocol and decentralized exchange dYdX. It’s also noteworthy that 55% of the larger fund has been allocated to Korean companies. Blockchain community and talent developmentHashed’s impact in the blockchain sector extends beyond just financial investments. The Web3 company has supported the organization of approximately 80 meet-ups, including university hackathons and academic blockchain conferences. A notable example of their initiatives is Korea Blockchain Week, co-hosted annually with Web3 ecosystem builder Factblock since 2018. This event has become one of Asia’s largest blockchain gatherings, drawing over 10,000 visitors. In addition to these events, Hashed has been keen on nurturing talent in the blockchain space. Their Protocol Camp, a boot camp aimed at developing Web3 builders, has successfully produced 59 developers across five sessions. Furthermore, Hashed Open Research, the firm’s research division, is actively involved in shaping the blockchain landscape. They engage in research, organize seminars, and publish findings, all with the goal of offering policy recommendations and advancing understanding in the field. Hashed has reinforced its management system for portfolio companies, focusing on supporting early-stage startups. Their efforts include building a community dedicated to startup support, aiding in recruitment and business development strategies, providing data analysis services and engaging in promotional activities. Reflecting on the past year, Simon Seojoon Kim, CEO of Hashed, acknowledged that 2023 posed challenges for startups. However, he pointed out that the relatively calm market conditions provided Hashed with opportunities to uncover a range of innovative ideas. These ideas, according to Kim, have the potential to make significant contributions to the development of blockchain infrastructure and its applications in real-world scenarios. Looking forward, Kim expressed optimism about the growth prospects of their portfolio companies in the coming year. This optimism is partly based on the potential approval of spot bitcoin ETFs, which he believes could usher in robust participation from institutional investors. Additionally, Kim anticipates further growth driven by the expected launch of wallets by major global platforms, indicating a promising and dynamic future for the blockchain industry and Hashed’s investments.