Hong Kong and Kazakhstan Pilot SWIFT’s CBDC Solution

Following the recent bitcoin boom, transactions in cryptocurrencies among Korean investors have surged, significantly benefiting local banks that have made contracts with Korean crypto exchanges to offer real-name accounts for crypto investors. As the price of bitcoin soared to as high as KRW 90 million ($67.6 million) in Korea on Thursday, online-only bank Kbank saw an uptick in trading fee revenue, according to local media outlet The Seoul Economic Daily. Kbank is a partner with crypto exchange Upbit, which accounts for 70% of the Korean crypto market.  Under the current law, Korean crypto exchanges offering trading against Korean won must secure real-name accounts from a bank. These banks typically earn fees of KRW 300 to KRW 1,000 per transaction. Currently, other than Kbank, NongHyup Bank offers real-name accounts to Bithumb, Kakaobank to Coinone, Shinhan Bank to Korbit and Jeonbuk Bank to Gopax.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashCrypto trading volume up 68.2% in a monthAccording to Xangle, a crypto data intelligence platform, the total crypto trading volume in Korea rose by 68.2% between the last week of January and the last week of February, rising from KRW 2.39 trillion to KRW 40.2 trillion. During the same period, the daily average trading volume also grew from around KRW 4 trillion to KRW 5.7 trillion.   In particular, the bitcoin trading volume on Upbit surged to 19,254 BTC on Feb. 28, reaching the second-highest level since Nov. 10, 2022, when the asset’s trading volume stood at 20,710 BTC. After signing the real-name account contract with Upbit in 2020, Kbank raked in KRW 29.2 billion in fees during the last bull market of 2021, which was equivalent to 14% of its annual interest income of KRW 198 billion and exceeded its net income for the year, which stood at KRW 22.5 billion. Increased bank deposits from exchange usersKbank also saw a substantial rise in its balance sheet, with Upbit users depositing around KRW 2.94 trillion into their real-name accounts. The sum is six times greater than the deposits made into NongHyup Bank by Bithumb users, which stood at KRW 547.1 billion.  Experts see that the surge in Kbank’s user base, which recently surpassed 10 million users, is largely attributed to growing excitement surrounding bitcoin. One crypto insider said that crypto trading fees, which have been on the decline for the past 2 years, could take a turn this year, signaling further gains for the affiliated banks.  

Leading crypto exchange platform OKX has recently unveiled its plans to enhance its marketplace by incorporating Atomicals (ARC-20), Runes, Stamps (SRC-20) and Dogecoin’s Doginals (DRC-20) into its Web3 wallet. ‘First-to-market’ initiativeTaking to social media on Monday, the firm provided further details regarding the additions, outlining that it is part of a "first-to-market" initiative, solidifying OKX's commitment to the expanding realm of Bitcoin NFTs. The integration of these token standards is aimed at positioning OKX as a leading one-stop NFT ecosystem within Web3. Starting with the integration of Stamps on Feb. 5, OKX Wallet users will gain the ability to view and transfer Bitcoin token standards. Subsequently, in late February, OKX Wallet will extend its support to Atomicals, Doginals and Runes, enabling millions of users to engage in buying and selling these NFTs without incurring any trading fees. OKX Marketplace will also follow suit, integrating DRC-20, ARC-20 and Runes standards in late February, thus broadening the scope for users to participate in zero-fee trading.Photo by Shubham's Web3 on UnsplashDriving mainstream adoption of Web3Jason Lau, chief innovation officer at OKX, underscored the platform's dedication to driving mainstream adoption of Web3 technologies, making the exploration and realization of NFT potential more accessible for users. Despite concerns about potential blockchain congestion due to NFTs, Lau characterized these challenges as "growing pains," expressing confidence that they will be addressed over time. Lau told CoinDesk that “these things will last forever, as long as the chain lasts.” Emphasizing the surge in activity and user growth since the launch of their product, Lau positioned OKX as an evolving platform at the forefront of developing tools for users to access all of Web3. OKX Wallet's inscriptions tool presently supports minting on 23 networks, including Bitcoin, Dogecoin, Ethereum, Polygon, BNB Chain, Avalanche-C and Arbitrum One, among others. Boosting OKX MarketplaceThe move aims to establish OKX Marketplace as the largest NFT marketplace in the industry, boasting zero-fee trading across an expanding range of token standards. The platform's advanced NFT offering includes features such as hex error checking, liquidity across multiple standards, bulk minting capabilities and automatic error detection. Despite OKX's open embrace of Ordinals and other Bitcoin protocols, some members of the Bitcoin ecosystem express discontent, labeling Ordinals as digital spam. Jason Lau vehemently disagrees, asserting that in open and permissionless networks like Bitcoin, "there is no such thing as spam." He contends that as long as fees are paid and transactions adhere to consensus rules, they are valid. Lau emphasizes OKX's historical support for the Bitcoin ecosystem, including upgrades like SegWit, Taproot and Lightning. As debates surrounding the role of Ordinals and NFTs within the Bitcoin ecosystem persist, OKX's proactive stance signals a belief in the potential of Bitcoin-based NFTs to introduce innovative use cases and design possibilities. The disruptions experienced by various blockchains in December, attributed to increased transaction activity related to inscriptions, underscore the growing impact of these developments within the Bitcoin ecosystem and the broader crypto landscape. 

Recent developments relative to governance of the CRO token, a native token belonging to the Cronos blockchain, have proven controversial, with many in the community unhappy with the actions of Singapore-headquartered Crypto.com.Photo by Markus Winkler on UnsplashProposal controversyThe controversy surrounds a proposal put forward by Crypto.com, which originally developed the Cronos blockchain in 2021, to mint 70 billion CRO tokens. The move would effectively roll back a CRO token burn that took place in 2021. The governance process applicable to the proposal meant that CRO token holders could vote on the proposal between March 2 and March 16. For the majority of that voting period, the outcome appeared to be uncertain. The “yes” vote had a narrow lead, but it would have been insufficient to reach the required 33.4% quorum of eligible votes. Exceeding the quorumHowever, at 14:00 UTC on Sunday, a last-minute influx of 3.35 billion tokens tipped the balance firmly in favor of the proposal while well exceeding the minimum turnout as 70.18% of eligible votes were cast. 61.18% voted in favor, with 17.61% against. Many CRO token holders who opposed the proposal are aggrieved at the manner in which this late voting surge came about. It’s understood that these last-minute votes came from blockchain validators controlled by Crypto.com. Crypto.com is understood to hold in the region of 80% of the voting power. In exercising that voting clout, many CRO holders feel that it has undermined the will of the community. Some commentators believe that increasing the token supply will result in a loss of trust in the project, damaging investor confidence going forward. Earlier this month, Crypto.com CEO Kris Marszalek responded to community pushback against the proposal. Marszalek suggested that the proposal ties in with an overall strategy for the success of the Cronos blockchain and its CRO token in the long term.  He pointed to four items that are relevant in achieving success for an altcoin like CRO. These included finding product-market fit, the need to redeploy free cashflows, successfully launching exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and participating in reserve-building initiatives.  ‘Free to vote and free to sell’The strategy relies upon building demand in order to achieve longer-term success. On X, Marszalek wrote: “People who do not agree that this is the right approach are free to vote & free to sell. We will stay laser focused on building towards new ATHs [all-time-highs].” In another X post on March 19, the Crypto.com CEO outlined that the company generated $1.5 billion in revenue in 2024 while servicing the needs of 140 million users on the platform. The company spent $700 million on branding, user acquisition and user incentives in 2024. Its operations turned a net profit of $300 million.  Crypto.com has also made further headway on the compliance front over the course of the past week. The company received licensing approval in Dubai to offer derivatives from the Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA). On March 17 the company announced that it had successfully achieved Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) registration with the Argentine regulator.