The Seoul AI Innovation Tour 2024 comes to an end, sharing insights on digital finance

Yuan Surpasses Dollar in China Cross-Border TradeThere has been a lot of talk in recent weeks and months about the continued use of the US dollar as the global reserve currency and newly published data from Beijing now demonstrates that the Chinese yuan became the most widely used cross-border currency in China for the first time in March.©Pexels/VOLKAN SORKUNErosion of dollar dominanceOver the course of the month of March, the US dollar was used in 46.7% of cross border transactions. That’s down 1.1% on the preceding month. Meanwhile, the yuan was the currency of choice in cross border Chinese trade last month, used in 48.4% of all cross border transactions.While this may seem impressive and it is encouraging for the Chinese authorities, it is still just a drop in the ocean when compared with the overall global cross border transaction statistics. Data produced by international financial messaging service, SWIFT, demonstrates that while the yuan’s share of global currency transactions relative to trade finance increased to 4.5%, that’s just a drop in the ocean. The same data set reveals that the US dollar accounted for around 84% of global cross border transactions in March.While it’s unlikely that the US dollar will be usurped in its global reserve currency role over the short to medium term, certain cracks are beginning to emerge that serve to weaken the leading fiat currency. According to a recent report by emerging market focused management firm Eurizon SLJ Capital, the dollar demonstrated a decline in reserve currency use of 8% in 2022. Since 2016, the leading international currency has declined in use on an adjusted basis by 11%. It also emerged this week that Argentina will begin to pay China in yuan for imports. The move comes at a time when the South American country is experiencing an acute shortfall in its dollar reserves following a drought-induced decrease in agricultural exports which would have ordinarily brought more dollars into the country’s coffers.SanctionsIn the case of Russia, China’s yuan replaced the US dollar in monthly trading volume in February for the first time, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. The emergence of the Russia Ukraine conflict in 2022, and more specifically the United States’ response to Russia as a consequence of the conflict, appears to have led to major change in terms of dollar use. Prior to the invasion, the trading volume of the Chinese yuan in Russia was negligible.The United States introduced a raft of sanctions that made it difficult for Russian banks and Russian corporations to trade internationally. It also confiscated sovereign funds held in US dollars belonging to Russia.It’s thought that this move has had wider repercussions as other nations have started to feel increasingly insecure in holding US dollars against that background. The logic is that any potential conflict between a nation and the United States could lead to a similar outcome. The US may have crossed a line that destroys confidence in other countries’ use of the US dollar.Implications for cryptocurrencyWhile these weaknesses in the global reserve status of the US dollar are unlikely to lead to its demise in that role any time soon, they may well be a bellwether of what plays out over the longer term. US dollar weakness is one aspect. Set against that, it’s hard to imagine the yuan being so dominant as to ever be the leading world currency relative to international trade.It’s far more likely that we may see several global ‘reserves’ share the role in the longer term. Bitcoin has been mentioned in the past as a candidate for this role given that it is not associated with any one nation. However, its current market capitalization and trading volume is minuscule by comparison with what would be required of a global reserve currency. That said, in a future where various currencies play a part in holding that reserve status, Bitcoin could very well see a modest but increasingly significant increase in its use for global trade purposes in the years ahead.

Circle Considers Issuing Stablecoin in JapanCircle, the US-headquartered payment services company and stablecoin issuer, is considering issuing a stablecoin in Japan following the implementation of new regulations on stablecoins.Jeremy Allaire, Co-Founder and CEO of Circle, expressed his interest in exploring partnerships in Japan due to the significant potential of the market under the new rules.Photo by Su San Lee on UnsplashGrowing importance of stablecoinsIn an interview with CoinDesk Japan recently, Allaire highlighted the growing importance of stablecoins in cross-border trade, foreign currency transactions, and global commerce. He believes that Japan, with its recently established framework for the use of overseas stablecoins, has positioned itself as a pioneering country in this regard. Allaire described the stablecoin bill as the Japanese government’s and the Financial Services Agency’s most significant achievement.The revised Payment Services Act in Japan recognizes stablecoins backed by legal tender as an “electronic payment method” and allows for their issuance. However, stringent rules are in place for stablecoin issuers.These include the requirement for stablecoins to be pegged to the yen or other legal tender and the guarantee of redeemability at face value for holders. Only licensed financial institutions, such as banks, registered money transfer agents, and trust companies, will be authorized to issue stablecoins.Breaking into AsiaAllaire emphasized Circle’s interest in establishing partnerships within Japan, a country he recently visited. Circle has already obtained a Major Payment Institution (MPI) license in Singapore, enabling the company to offer various digital payment services, cross-border money transfers, and domestic money transfer services.The Japanese market has witnessed major financial institutions exploring stablecoin initiatives. Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corporation (MUFJ), for instance, announced its plans to launch its own stablecoin platform named Progmat last month. MUFJ also entered into a partnership with Japanese blockchain interoperability solutions provider, Datachain, recently. It’s thought that the move will facilitate both parties in undertaking further work on stablecoin-related initiatives.Circle’s consideration of issuing a stablecoin in Japan underscores the company’s recognition of the country’s regulatory advancements and the potential for stablecoin adoption. As stablecoins gain further traction globally, Japan’s new framework positions it as an important market for Circle and other players in the industry.It’s not just Japan that highlights the need for further stablecoin development. A new policy proposal was published in Hong Kong earlier this week that made a point of urging the Hong Kong authorities to issue its own Hong Kong dollar-backed stablecoin.The objective of such an initiative would be to compete on an international basis with leading US dollar stablecoins such as Circle’s USDC and USDT/Tether. By being proactive in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, Circle could head off rising potential challenges such as that suggested by these stablecoin researchers in Hong Kong.The partnership opportunities in Japan align with Circle’s mission to facilitate efficient and secure digital transactions, and it will be intriguing to observe how the company navigates this emerging landscape in the months to come.

Asian Firms Feature in Ledger’s Institutional Trading OfferingCrypto hardware storage device provider Ledger has recently introduced the Ledger Enterprise Tradelink network with the participation of a number of well-known Asian crypto platforms.Through its Ledger Enterprise Tradelink offering, Ledger aims to provide a robust and open trading platform specifically designed for institutional investors. The company announced its move into the institutional trading technology market via a blog post published to its website on Wednesday.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashMeeting institutional needsThis platform aims to meet the unique risk management and regulatory requirements of institutions seeking to participate in the cryptocurrency market.Given recent events, such as the bankruptcy of the FTX crypto exchange, market participants are increasingly seeking transparency and alternatives to traditional vertically integrated crypto exchanges. There are also concerns regarding the future of market infrastructure in light of the recent lawsuits filed by US regulators against major exchanges like Binance and Coinbase.Sebastien Badault, the VP of Metaverse & NFTs at Ledger, highlighted these concerns and emphasized the importance of addressing them. He explained that the Ledger Enterprise Tradelink network enables a seamless connection between custodians, OTC brokers, and exchanges, allowing traders to execute trades without having to hold funds on the exchange itself.This unique feature serves to minimize the risks associated with centralized exchanges. Badault further predicted that as regulations evolve, fund managers will likely be required to distribute their risk across multiple custodial partners, making the Ledger network an appealing solution.Asian partnershipsTo bring the enterprise-grade platform to life, Ledger has partnered with several prominent crypto exchanges and broker firms. These include international companies like Bitstamp, Uphold, CEX.IO, Wintermute, Coinsquare, NDAX, Damex, Flowdesk, and YouHodler. Additionally, Asian platforms feature strongly, represented by the likes of Seychelles-headquartered crypto exchange Huobi, Singapore-based platform Crypto.com, and Thailand’s Bitazza, a digital asset platform.Other participating companies comprise of Komainu, a digital asset custodian backed by Japanese financial services company Nomura, Tokyo-based institution-facing crypto finance firm, Crypto Garage and Hong Kong’s Kryptodian, a digital asset custodian.Other international partners include digital asset custodians TetraTrust and Etana. The partnership depth that Ledger has put in place with its Ledger Enterprise Tradelink product ensures that firms utilizing the network are not locked into a single custodial provider.Crypto.com President & COO, Eric Anziani, praised Ledger’s innovative Trading Operation technology, emphasizing its role in enhancing security and fostering a regulation-friendly landscape for institutional trading. The collaboration with Ledger enables Crypto.com to participate in the Ledger Enterprise Tradelink network, expanding their offerings for institutional clients and strengthening their position within the market.Ledger Enterprise offers real-time tracking of collateral balances and operational status for all participants, providing enhanced transparency and operational efficiency. Furthermore, the platform boasts zero transaction fees, making it a cost-effective solution for institutional investors, as highlighted in the press release.This initiative by Ledger aligns with the industry’s growing demand for regulatory compliance and effective risk management solutions. Consequently, Ledger’s entrance into this space marks an important milestone in facilitating institutional participation and driving further adoption of cryptocurrencies.