Kiwoom Securities and Koscom Partner to Pilot Security Token Platform Amid Regulatory Changes

Legislation geared towards regulating stablecoins has reached the Legislative Council stage in the Chinese autonomous territory of Hong Kong.  The bill, which extends to a 285 page document, has been formulated following “extensive consultations” with industry stakeholders, according to Eddie Yue, CEO of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA).  This latest development moves the Chinese autonomous territory one step closer to having a comprehensive regulatory framework in place for stablecoins. The bill’s arrival at the Legislative Council follows its publication on Dec. 6 in Hong Kong’s Gazette. Subsequently, on Dec. 18, it made its preliminary entry at the Legislative Council by way of a first reading. The legislation will deem a digital asset a stablecoin if it is operated on a distributed ledger, is expressed as a unit of account and maintains an equivalent value relative to another asset that it references. Digital assets issued by governments or central banks will be excluded from that stablecoin definition.Photo by Laurentiu Morariu on UnsplashThree readings requiredBefore the bill can be enacted into law, it is required to go through a series of three readings. Allied to that process is a requirement for a series of debates, with the bill coming under the scrutiny of lawmakers. Depending upon the issues raised, this process may also require the introduction of amendments to the proposed legislation. If passed following the third reading, it will then be forwarded to the autonomous territory’s chief executive, John Lee Ka-chiu, to be signed into law. Once signed into law, stablecoin issuers in Hong Kong will then be required to obtain a license from the city's central bank, HKMA. That licensing process would implicate the HKMA scrutinizing the applicant with an emphasis on the evaluation of the issuer, its resources, the use of reserve assets and the means through which the stablecoin’s value will be rendered stable. Stablecoin optimismThis latest milestone has provoked a cause for optimism among some commentators. Sean Lee, co-founder of Hong Kong-based Web3 firm IDA, told the South China Morning Post (SCMP) that “the applications of stablecoin will be numerous.” Lee outlined that stablecoins can be used for payments, settlements, payrolls and financing, while adding that “new products will spring up, and transactions will be faster, instant, 24/7 – and at a lower cost.” Dominic Maffei, Standard Chartered’s head of digital asset and fintech for Hong Kong, is similarly encouraged. Maffei stated: “As of today, we think that stablecoins are the best available tool for connecting traditional finance and Web3 markets and have proven use cases and business models to support that belief.” Once enacted, the bill is likely to have a significant impact on the stablecoin market in Hong Kong. In Europe, the application of the Markets in Crypto Assets (MiCA) regulation is having such an impact. It has led to a growth in Euro-denominated stablecoin trading while leading U.S. dollar stablecoin Tether (USDT) is being delisted by many platforms due to its non-compliance with these regulations.

Korean Financial Regulator Reveals Crypto Accounting Guidelines to Prevent Inflated Company ValuationsThe Korean Financial Services Commission (FSC) has announced new regulations to address accounting uncertainties in the blockchain industry, according to local news outlet KBS News. The rapid growth of the industry and the increasing impact of cryptocurrency transactions on corporate accounting have resulted in confusion due to the lack of clear guidelines.Last month, the National Assembly’s plenary session passed the Virtual Asset User Protection Bill, emphasizing the need for improved regulation. In line with this development, the FSC has introduced practical guidelines and measures to resolve accounting uncertainties.The FSC has introduced two measures to achieve this goal: virtual asset accounting guidelines and mandatory disclosure of virtual assets in annotations within financial statements.Photo by Beatriz Pérez Moya on UnsplashAccounting guidelinesThe virtual asset accounting guidelines state that when an issuer sells virtual assets to a customer, they must fulfill all obligations, such as the sales process, in order to recognize it as revenue. Any costs incurred during the issuance of a virtual asset and the creation of its platform should be recognized as expenses, unless there is clear evidence that these activities specifically contribute to the development of the virtual asset. Additionally, any reserved virtual assets after issuance cannot be treated as assets on the company’s balance sheet. These guidelines aim to prevent companies from artificially inflating the value of their companies using virtual assets.When recognizing virtual assets as assets or liabilities, virtual asset service providers (VASPs) must consider the concept of economic control. Economic control refers to the entity’s authority to dispose of a virtual asset without needing customer authorization.Virtual assets in annotationsFurthermore, companies are obligated to disclose their virtual asset transactions and holdings in annotations to the financial statement. This requirement ensures that users of corporate accounting information have sufficient details. Public companies holding virtual assets for investment purposes must state the basis for classifying the assets as assets or liabilities. They must also provide the book and market values of their virtual assets in their financial statements.Companies that have created or issued virtual assets are required to provide comprehensive information about the quantity and characteristics of these assets. They must also explain their revenue recognition methodology in the event of asset sales. Companies must provide disclosure regarding the historical utilization of cryptocurrencies that have been issued but remain unsold. This disclosure includes various factors such as portfolios and volumes.VASPs must disclose the volume and market value of virtual assets entrusted to them by customers for each asset, regardless of whether these assets are recognized as assets or liabilities. VASPs also have to provide information about the level of protection measures they have implemented to mitigate risks such as hacking.The FSC expects that these measures will enable readers of financial statements to make meaningful comparisons between VASPs while ensuring the provision of reliable information.The accounting guidelines, after incorporating industry feedback, are expected to undergo deliberations and resolutions by both the accounting standards review committee and the Korean Securities and Futures Commission, as per local news outlet Kyunghyang Shinmun. Once the guidelines receive final approval, they will be promulgated and implemented immediately. This process is anticipated to take place between October and November.Meanwhile, the inclusion of virtual asset disclosures in the annotations of financial statements will be enforced next January.

Japan appears to be gearing up for the potential launch of its central bank digital currency (CBDC), the digital yen, as the government and the Bank of Japan (BoJ) collaboratively lay the legislative foundation for its rollout. While neither the BoJ nor the government has officially committed to the CBDC launch, recent developments indicate an accelerated push for its development. The BoJ's heightened focus on digital yen comes amidst concerns about falling behind China's and Europe's rapid progress in the CBDC space.Photo by Wenhao Ji on UnsplashOvercoming legal issuesAccording to a report by Japanese media outlet NHK, in a recent meeting, the Japanese government and the BoJ discussed future tasks and legal issues related to its CBDC implementation. To ensure a smooth and legally unobstructed launch, Tokyo aims to establish the necessary legal framework well in advance. Local news media Coinpost reported that the proposed legislation is set to "assume the introduction of the digital yen" and may involve amendments to key laws such as the Bank of Japan Act, the Criminal Code and the Civil Code. The goal is to finalize the list of required legal amendments by spring of the current year. In a meeting between Japan's central bank and the Finance Ministry, executives from relevant ministries and central bank directors explored various aspects of the CBDC. Discussions included the collaboration between a potential central bank digital currency and private cashless businesses, with a focus on convenience and personal data protection. Finance Ministry keen on launch ASAPLast month, the central bank received a report from a Ministry of Finance expert panel which recommended the launch of the digital yen without delay. The Ministry of Finance's December meeting addressed the division of roles between the Bank of Japan and intermediary banks, proposing a "two-tiered model" where domestic commercial banks play a pivotal role in digital yen issuance. Acting as intermediary institutions, these banks will bridge the gap between the central bank and digital yen users. The government and the BoJ are also contemplating ways to involve private businesses in the CBDC project while ensuring fair competition. Security and data privacy considerationsKey considerations in the discussions involve interoperability with other payment methods, ensuring security and handling user information safely. There is also an exploration of potential cross-border payment options. The government and the BoJ are committed to a comprehensive approach that considers various aspects of the CBDC project. Japan's unique context in the CBDC landscape is highlighted, with its continued reliance on cash and the presence of multiple private-sector tokenized money initiatives. Notably, the country boasts over 100 institutions and enterprises exploring digital currency through a digital currency forum since 2020. Separate initiatives, such as the MUFG-backed Progmat DLT platform, contribute to Japan's diverse digital currency landscape. Providing another example of progression in the digital assets arena, it emerged in September that the country is looking to permit startups to raise capital from venture capital firms using digital tokens rather than traditional equity.