Former Coinbase Japan CEO Joins Fidelity-Backed VC

Lee Bok-hyun, the governor of South Korea’s Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), is set to have a meeting with Gary Gensler, the chair of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), in May. The purpose of their meeting is to discuss whether to classify non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as virtual assets. Currently, NFTs are not seen as virtual assets in Korea, but there is a high likelihood of them being acknowledged as such following the meeting in May, local financial media outlet Edaily reported.Photo by Andrey Metelev on UnsplashLack of definition for NFTsAn NFT is a digital certificate of authenticity that is not fungible or replicable. NFTs tokenize content or assets of various types – from images, music, videos, games and artworks to real-estates – by assigning a unique token ID to them. Many see 2018 as the year NFT technology was first introduced.  Despite its wide range of applications, no legal definition has been made for NFTs. Some view NFTs as technology, and others as virtual assets or securities. The Korean government decided not to recognize NFTs as virtual assets under the Virtual Asset Protection Act (Virtual Asset Act), effective in July. Behind this decision is a perception that NFTs are less likely to pose significant risks to the market, as a large portion of NFTs are now traded by collectors seeking to expand their private collections.  However, NFTs are increasingly seen as speculative destinations by many investors over time, as prices of virtual assets including BTC surge. This shift backs the local movement to recognize NFTs as well as spot bitcoin ETFs as virtual assets. Opposition from NFT businessesBlockchain industry insiders say defining NFTs is of utmost importance, noting that classifying NFTs as virtual assets headfirst could deal a heavy blow to businesses in this sector. One finance insider mentioned that defining NFTs comes down to understanding their purposes and how they are utilized. If NFTs are primarily used for speculative purposes or as currency, they could be recognized as virtual assets, the person said.  The biggest resistance is coming from NFT-related businesses. That is because recognizing NFTs as virtual assets would require these businesses to obtain a virtual asset service provider (VASP) license from the financial authority, which takes significant costs and workforce in the process. A CEO of a blockchain startup, who preferred to remain anonymous, expressed concerns about the possibility of NFTs becoming virtual assets, saying that such recognition would enable NFT transaction tracing, potentially leading to severe violations of human rights. While many industry insiders expect that the financial authorities will bring NFTs under the forthcoming Virtual Asset Act, the FSS stated that no decisions have been made regarding details of the upcoming meeting with the U.S. SEC. 

Galaxia Moneytree Forms Aviation Asset Tokenization ConsortiumKorean financial platform services provider Galaxia Moneytree announced that it has signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to establish a consortium for the development of a security token offering (STO) platform that issues tokenized aviation assets — the first of its kind in the country. Shinhan Securities, Eugene Investment and Securities, VMIC Aviation, and Cirium have signed on as members.Photo by John McArthur on Unsplash“This consortium will be a significant step in our endeavors to become a leading entity for innovation in the field of the tokenization of aviation assets. Our agreement will promote the advancement of the Korean aviation industry and enhance global competitiveness, providing investors with new opportunities through alternative investments,” said Shin Dong-hoon, CEO of Galaxia Moneytree.Shaping the future of aviationThe consortium aims to issue security tokens for leasing core aviation equipment such as aircraft engines, which would secure private funding and ease the burden that is imparted by leasing fees. Also, given that the most important aspect of STOs is asset valuation, the consortium has committed to issuing reliable aviation token securities to investors based on the accurate valuation of aircraft engines as determined by Cirium. Cirium is a global aviation data analytics company with 114 years of experience that provides solutions such as the valuation of aircrafts and engines, risk analytics for carbon emission reduction, and flight schedule changes.Galaxia Moneytree said that the consortium recently applied for a financial regulatory sandbox — a program introduced by the Korean government that offers special and provisional regulatory exemptions for financial services that have been recognized for their innovativeness.Partners with varying attributesGalaxia Moneytree will be responsible for overseeing the consortium as well as developing and operating the STO platform, which Shinhan Securities and Eugene Investment and Securities have agreed to provide funding for. The two securities firms will also provide management services for related trusts and accounts.Meanwhile, VMIC will take over asset management for aircraft engines and contribute various insights based on its expertise in aviation finance. VMIC Aviation is a Korean startup that specializes in innovative aircraft engine technologies by leveraging its technical and financial expertise.Discussions are also underway for cooperation with relevant government agencies such as the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport and the Korea Civil Aviation Association.The company has been working with its partner companies and communicating with government entities to tokenize a wide range of assets, from certified emissions reductions to renewable energy and horse racing. It is also taking the initiative to position itself as an industry leader by investing in joint ventures.

Singapore Elects Crypto Skeptic as PresidentGarnering 70.4% of all votes cast on Saturday, Singaporeans chose to elect Tharman Shanmugaratnam as their next president, a move that may have implications for Singapore’s outlook when it comes to digital assets.While many had hoped that he would be the nation’s first non-Chinese prime minister, the crypto industry has greeted his rise to this largely ceremonial role with mixed feelings. Shanmugaratnam’s previous stances on cryptocurrency and digital assets have been predominantly critical.Photo by Justin Lim on UnsplashFormer MAS ChairmanIn the past, the president-elect has referred to cryptocurrency as “slightly crazy” and “purely speculative.” His ascent to the presidency comes after a distinguished career that includes serving as the former finance minister, deputy prime minister, and chairman of the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), the country’s central bank, from 2011 to 2023.Crypto platform collapsesIt was during his tenure at MAS that two prominent crypto companies, Three Arrows Capital (3AC) and Terraform Labs, faced catastrophic collapses.The demise of Terraform Labs, along with its TerraUSD (UST) stablecoin, triggered a severe “crypto winter” in May 2022, from which the industry is still struggling to recover. This downfall wiped out a staggering $500 billion in value over just two weeks, devastating the portfolios of numerous retail investors.The ripple effect of TerraUSD’s fall also engulfed 3AC, a significant cryptocurrency hedge fund headquartered in Singapore. The contagion spread across the cryptocurrency market, leading to the downfall of other major entities like crypto lending platforms Celsius Network and Voyager Digital, alongside Singapore-based Hodlnaut.Given that these catastrophic events unfolded during Shanmugaratnam’s tenure at MAS, it’s plausible that he bore the brunt of the consequences. That might explain why in speaking on the subject in 2021, he appeared to be more accommodative, suggesting that there may be a useful role that crypto could play and highlighting that Singapore had allowed crypto businesses to develop within the city-state.In June of last year, MAS reprimanded 3AC for providing misleading information and exceeding the allowed assets under management (AUM) threshold, thereby breaching its status as a registered fund management company.In January, Shanmugaratnam said that regulating the crypto sector would give credibility to speculation and on that basis, it would be best to leave it unregulated. He went on to suggest that crypto should be subject to existing regulation as laid down for traditional finance.Early stage concernsBack in 2018, when he was Singapore’s finance minister, Shanmugaratnam questioned the wisdom of broad regulation potentially legitimizing a speculative and “slightly crazy” market. During the 2018 World Economic Forum, he emphasized the importance of anti-money laundering measures and advocated for educating consumers about the risks inherent in the unregulated crypto sector.Although he acknowledged blockchain’s potential to enhance global payment systems, Shanmugaratnam favored integrating existing traditional payment mechanisms as an alternative to blockchain innovations.Singapore’s new president brings with him a history of skepticism towards cryptocurrency and digital assets. However, with a largely ceremonial role relative to day-to-day governance, he’s not in a position to take direct action that could hold the sector back although he will have the power to initiate corruption investigations upon the advice of the Singaporean cabinet.