CoinNess soars to 2nd among news apps in Korea amid bitcoin ETF frenzy

The cryptocurrency market has come under renewed pressure as escalating global tariff tensions converge with growing stress in the private credit sector, though a South Korean analyst suggests that prospects for a rebound remain intact. According to Etoday, Yang Hyun-kyung, a researcher at iM Securities, noted that risk assets staged a brief rally after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that President Donald Trump’s reciprocal tariffs, imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), were unlawful. However, the relief proved short-lived as tariff fears reignited following the announcement of a 10% levy and a subsequent proposal to increase it to 15%.Photo by Markus Winkler on UnsplashLiquidations surge amid private credit jittersYang observed that market volatility intensified as concerns in the private credit market resurfaced after Blue Owl Capital halted redemptions for its Blue Owl Capital Corporation II (OBDC II) fund and initiated a $1.4 billion asset sale. Yang highlighted that $420 million in liquidations hit the crypto market as Asian trading opened on Feb. 23. This included $386 million in long positions and $34 million in shorts, signaling a swift deleveraging. These pressures are reflected in current price levels. According to CoinMarketCap, Bitcoin, the world’s largest cryptocurrency, is trading just below $65,000, down 1.13% over the past 24 hours. The token remains approximately 49% below the all-time high recorded in October. Bitcoin’s decline has widened valuation losses among digital asset treasury (DAT) firms. Yang estimated that Strategy, which holds 717,131 BTC, is sitting on roughly $7.89 billion in unrealized losses. Yang added that a potential shift toward monetary easing ahead of the U.S. midterm elections, combined with reduced regulatory uncertainty from the crypto market structure bill known as the Clarity Act, could serve as short-term catalysts for a rebound. Binance focuses on regulatory alignment in KoreaDespite the market slump, crypto firms are deepening their presence in South Korea. In an interview with ZDNet Korea, Binance Head of APAC SB Seker stated that the company’s focus is not on increasing its ownership stake, but on establishing a compliant, trusted, and sustainable operation in the country. Binance currently holds a 67.45% stake in Gopax, operated by Streami, after securing regulatory approval to become its largest shareholder. Addressing the issue regarding GoFi—Gopax’s DeFi product designed to generate returns for users—Seker said any repayments of unpaid customer funds must comply with Korean commercial law and satisfy relevant legal and administrative procedures. He added that discussions with regulators are ongoing and the company cannot unilaterally set a repayment schedule. Seker also noted that Binance plans to work closely with authorities to advance its business in areas such as institutional investment and stablecoins. Regulators reiterate exchange ownership capsAs the digital asset sector evolves, South Korea is moving to tighten oversight. MoneyToday reported that financial authorities have notified the heads of the country’s five largest crypto exchanges—Upbit, Bithumb, Korbit, Coinone, and Gopax—of their intention to introduce caps on the ownership stakes of controlling shareholders. The notification is widely viewed as a precursor to the government’s release of the Digital Asset Basic Act, often described as the second phase of the country’s crypto regulatory framework. The Financial Services Commission has maintained that a single largest shareholder’s stake in a crypto exchange should be limited to between 15% and 20%. At the meeting, officials outlined key elements of the forthcoming bill and reaffirmed their intention to enshrine the ownership cap in law. Representatives from the five exchanges and the Digital Asset eXchange Alliance (DAXA), the industry body to which the platforms belong, reportedly raised concerns about the proposal. 

Bank of Korea Anticipated to Conduct Retail CBDC Pilot TestThe Bank of Korea (BOK), the South Korean central bank, is reportedly planning to conduct a pilot test for distributing retail central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) to the general public via commercial banks, according to a report by local news outlet IT Chosun.Photo by Zequn Gui on UnsplashBOK’s CBDC initiativesIn 2020, the BOK initiated a pilot test for CBDC issuance, establishing a platform for both online and offline payments. Last month, the BOK announced the successful completion of a CBDC simulation to ensure connectivity with commercial banks.A representative from a commercial bank stated that the BOK would recruit banks next month for a retail CBDC experiment. The pilot test for this retail CBDC is projected to take place next year.Wholesale and retailThe upcoming CBDC pilot test aims to cater to the retail needs of ordinary citizens. There are two types of CBDCs: wholesale CBDCs, which facilitate payments between financial institutions, and retail CBDCs, which are accessible to all economic entities, including the general public.The successful execution of the retail CBDC pilot test requires close collaboration between the BOK and commercial banks. A banking official highlighted that while the BOK can outline the distribution framework for wholesale CBDCs, it may not be the most suitable entity to design the intricate distribution scheme for retail CBDCs.Last year, 15 financial institutions, including five commercial banks (KB Kookmin Bank, Shinhan Bank, Hana Bank, Woori Bank, and NongHyup Bank), participated in an inter-institutional CBDC linkage experiment with the BOK. The BOK is expected to select banks from among these participants to design the distribution structure of retail CBDCs and proceed with a pilot test.Speculative timelineAn official from a commercial bank that took part in the BOK’s prior experiment said that the Korean central bank has recently maintained close communication with commercial banks and successfully completed the infrastructure linkage test for CBDCs. The official also mentioned that the retail CBDC test is expected to see its completion this year, potentially enabling the commencement of retail CBDC implementations in the private sector next year.However, a BOK official expressed a more cautious stance. The official stated that the BOK has recently expanded its digital currency research team and plans to conduct further research in the future. Specific timelines and plans for the retail CBDC test could not be disclosed at this time.Other countriesDifferent countries have adopted varying approaches to CBDC research and implementation, depending on their economic conditions. Developing nations have been promoting CBDC issuance to facilitate financial inclusion, while developed countries have prioritized the stability of their financial systems.However, as cash payments decline and private digital currencies continue to proliferate, developed countries are also turning their attention to retail CBDCs. For instance, the Bank of England collaborated with the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) to establish and experiment with retail CBDC prototype infrastructure. Similarly, the European Union (EU) has released draft legislation to introduce the digital euro as a legal tender within the Eurozone.

The Legal Future of South Korea’s Crypto Industry: Necessary Legislation and SystemsA recent National Assembly symposium organized by South Korea’s Digital Asset Policy Forum brought experts together to discuss the challenges and prospects of the implementation of the Virtual Asset User Protection Act at the National Assembly Members’ Office Building in Seoul on Tuesday.Photo by Tingey Injury Law Firm on UnsplashInternational modelsReferences were made to global examples, such as the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) — the world’s first standalone virtual asset legislation enacted in the EU — which ensures transparency, disclosure, authorization, and supervision of crypto-asset transactions. However, unlike the capital market, MiCA does not impose regular disclosure reporting requirements or corrections on them. Firms in Japan, on the other hand, are asked to provide disclosure under autonomous regulation through the Japan Virtual and Crypto Assets Exchange Association (JVCEA).Notably, in its recent Policy Recommendations for Crypto and Digital Asset Markets Consultation Report, the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) states that it is “seeking to encourage optimal consistency in the way crypto-asset markets and securities markets are regulated within individual IOSCO jurisdictions, in accordance with the principle of ‘same activities, same risks, same regulatory outcomes’.” This principle refers to the concept that any crypto-asset activity that has a similar function and poses similar risks to those in the traditional financial system — such as operating a trading platform or providing custody services — is subject to regulation that ensures equivalent outcomes, as defined by the UK Parliament.The IOSCO report also suggests that crypto-asset service providers (CASPs) should disclose information regarding ownership and control of crypto-assets, issuer and business-related information, issuer management teams, transaction history and operational description of crypto-assets, token ownership concentration, transfer protocols, and a given CASP’s treatment of the client crypto-assets and their respective rights and entitlements during events like hard forks and airdrops.Hurdles to overcomeExperts at the forum reflected these considerations in their sentiments. Han Suh-hee, a lawyer at Barun Law Firm, emphasized that it is important to determine what kind of information should be disclosed. She argued that it is necessary to discuss to what extent information about virtual asset issuers should be disclosed and whether mandating firms to disclose their financial and business conditions is efficient.In particular, Han underlined the need to consider the differences between virtual assets and stocks when establishing a framework for the disclosure of virtual assets holdings. Unlike stocks, virtual assets possess distinctive characteristics like their borderless and decentralized nature, unclear issuer backgrounds, and the ability to conduct peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions.Lee Han-jin, a lawyer at Kim & Chang Law Firm, added that the enactment of Korea’s Virtual Asset User Protection Act was aimed at establishing a system directly targeted at regulating virtual assets and virtual asset service operators (VASPs) — a significant development from the Financial Transaction Reporting Act, which had until now been the only legal framework responsible for regulating VASPs along with other entities like casino business operators. Virtual assets are now subject to a more systematized regulatory approach.However, he said that the Virtual Asset User Protection Act still has its setbacks because it is undergoing a two-stage legislative process. Lee criticized the fact that the same definition of VASPs outlined in the Financial Transaction Reporting Act had been brought over, which limits their identity to transaction intermediaries, wallet operators, and custodians while overlooking their other roles like crypto management, crypto deposits, and crypto collective investments.Lee also pointed out another weakness: the scope of prohibition on using undisclosed information and market manipulation is broader in the Virtual Asset User Protection Act than in the Capital Markets Act. He argued that enforcement decrees should stipulate the definition of insiders and exceptional cases when deliberating on the prohibition of insider virtual asset trading.Lee thus emphasized the need for a clear definition of virtual assets in the Virtual Asset User Protection Act, as it is yet unclear whether they are objects or assets. All things considered, he believes there must be a law that can encompass blockchain-based decentralization, outline the similarities and differences between digital assets and financial products, and accommodate new services that utilize smart contracts.“We are in the process of creating a regulatory system similar to those being adopted in other countries based on their respective markets,” said Lee Seok-ran, head of the Financial Innovation Bureau at the Financial Services Commission (FSC). “Unlike the stock market, which is equipped with regulations to prevent fraudulent transactions and misconduct, virtual assets are traded on multiple exchanges, so we are considering how to interpret unfair trading activities and conduct market surveillance.”She explained that the commission is prioritizing user protection measures and subordinate regulations. “I believe we will be able to create a system for subordinate regulations on disclosure once an overall global trajectory is established. But before that happens, we are working on guidelines for defining unfair trading activities with regulators and the Digital Asset eXchange Alliance (DAXA).” Unfair trading activities associated with virtual assets include not only those conducted on exchanges but also under other circumstances.The FSC officer said that the financial authority is set to establish legal criteria to distinguish cases such as false statements in white papers of crypto projects. She added that enforcement decrees will define both the conditions for restricting deposits and withdrawals on crypto exchanges and the corresponding limits.