Thailand’s SEC moves to block five exchanges to protect investors

USDT, the leading U.S. dollar stablecoin issued by Tether, has been highlighted as a major conduit for money laundering and scams in Southeast Asia, according to a United Nations report released on Monday.Photo by Mathias Reding on UnsplashIllicit stablecoin useThe report has been titled “Casinos, Money Laundering, Underground Banking, and Transnational Organized Crime in East and Southeast Asia: A Hidden and Accelerating Threat.” It points out that online gambling platforms, particularly those operating illicitly, are among the favored channels for cryptocurrency-based money launderers, with a notable emphasis on the use of Tether or USDT. In a foreword to the report, Jeremy Douglas, the UN’s Regional Representative for Southeast Asia and the Pacific, noted that technology had aided crime networks in Asia, and in particular, the Mekong Delta region. Developing upon that idea, he added:”This has necessitated a revolution in the regional underground banking architecture, resulting in the development of systems and infrastructure capable of moving and laundering massive volumes of state-backed fiat and cryptocurrencies.”The report itself asserts that illegal and under-regulated crypto exchanges have become “foundational pieces of the banking architecture used by organized crime.” The document highlights law enforcement efforts in disrupting multiple money laundering networks linked to the illicit transfer of Tether funds. Last August, Singaporean authorities dismantled a network through an operation, recovering approximately $735 million in both cash and cryptocurrency. ‘Pig butchering’The UN report further suggests that USDT has been extensively employed in various underground fraud activities, including so-called "pig butchering" romantic scams. Last November, Tether froze $225 million in stolen USDT following investigations by Tether in collaboration with crypto exchange OKX and the U.S. Department of Justice. The money had been held in self-custodied wallets associated with an international human trafficking group in Southeast Asia orchestrating a pig-butchering scam. In December, Tether CEO Paolo Ardoino informed U.S. legislators in a shared letter that the company has enlisted the U.S. Secret Service and Federal Bureau of Investigation onto its platform. Later that month, the Chinese authorities uncovered a massive underground banking operation that was designed to evade the country’s foreign exchange controls. There was more related activity in December when it emerged that USDT has been integrated into the shadow economy in Cambodia, against a backdrop of the currency being prohibited for the purpose of trade within the Southeast Asian country. TRM Labs reportIn July of last year, a report by blockchain analytics firm TRM Labs, found that pro-ISIS terrorist groups in Central and Southeast Asia and the Middle East are increasingly using cryptocurrency, with a particular preference for USDT transacted over the Tron blockchain network. The UN report cites the popularity of USDT among those engaged in cyber-fraud and online casino operations, located in Myanmar, along the border with Thailand. Throughout 2023, Tether witnessed a notable expansion in its share of the global stablecoin supply, growing from 50% to 71%. At the time of writing, USDT has a market cap of $95 billion with stablecoins having an overall market capitalization of $134 billion. The UN's findings raise concerns about the stablecoin's role in facilitating illicit activities and underscore the need for enhanced regulatory scrutiny within the rapidly evolving crypto landscape.

Thailand’s KBank Furthers Crypto Business Through Satang AcquisitionKasikornbank (KBank), Thailand’s second largest bank, is expanding its involvement in the digital assets sector through the acquisition of a majority stake in the local crypto exchange Satang.Photo by Lisheng Chang on UnsplashTradFi embracing cryptoThe acquisition, involving a purchase of 97% of Satang’s shares, is a significant move in the context of an ongoing trend of traditional financial institutions embracing digital assets. The deal was officially announced on Monday, as disclosed on KBank’s official website.KBank executed the acquisition through its newly established subsidiary, Unita Capital, whose registered capital is valued at 3.7 billion Thai baht (approximately $103 million). Unita Capital specializes in investments within the digital asset sector. This move underlines the bank’s commitment to stay ahead in the dynamic world of digital finance.Subsidiary formationIn light of the acquisition, Satang Corporation is set to undergo a name change and will soon be known as Orbix Trade Company Limited. Unita Capital has established a number of other subsidiary companies as a consequence of the buy-out.KBank’s cryptocurrency venture will be structured into three distinct divisions. Orbix Custodian has been formed, focusing on secure digital asset storage and management. There is a growing demand for reliable digital asset custody services. KBank will use Orbix Custodian as a vehicle to capitalize on that growth opportunity.Orbix Invest has been established to act as the venture arm of the business relative to the digital assets space. It will focus on fund management in meeting the needs of clients looking for exposure to the digital assets sector. Lastly, Orbix Technology has been established to concentrate on blockchain technology development.Satang, a prominent player in the Thai cryptocurrency scene, operates a cryptocurrency exchange alongside a range of digital asset services. Notably, Poramin Insom, the founder of Satang, is recognized for his role in launching Firo (formerly Zcoin), a privacy-centric cryptocurrency. Insom confirmed the acquisition via a Facebook post on Monday, acknowledging the evolution of Satang as it transitions under KBank’s ownership.Insom stated: “I’ve been at Satang since 2017 until now, six years have passed. Currently, Satang on the trading board has already exited according to the news. And there should be an official announcement soon.” He also highlighted Satang’s diversified ventures, including Satang Technology, a blockchain service platform, and Satang Space, focusing on space-related endeavors.This strategic move by KBank follows its recent launch of a $100 million fund, introduced in September, targeting investments in Web3, fintech, and artificial intelligence (AI). In 2022, KBank launched Bigfin, a digital asset investment analysis platform. Bigfin has since been integrated with the Binance platform.Last year the bank backed Thai digital asset and blockchain startup Forward, a project that is working on developing a decentralized derivative platform.KBank is recognized as the second largest lender in Thailand based on assets, trailing behind Bangkok Bank. Thai NVDR Company Limited is the largest shareholder of KBank, as per data from the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET), with the SET itself owning 99.9% of NVDR’s shares.

Beijing-based cryptocurrency mining firm Bitmain has reportedly violated tax regulations in China, with local authorities imposing major fines. According to the reports, Bitmain has failed to pay personal income taxes amounting to $2.4 million, which has led to a penalty of $3.7 million from the Beijing Municipal Office of the State Administration of Taxation. Leading mining equipment manufacturerBitmain Technologies is one of the biggest cryptocurrency mining equipment firms in the world, established in 2013. The company is renowned for its reputation as a manufacturer of crypto mining equipment and solutions. Reports suggest that Bitmain was compelled to end its operations in China in October 2021 as a direct result of the blanket ban on cryptocurrencies that was issued by the Chinese government in September 2021.However, despite these regulatory challenges and the bear market in the cryptocurrency industry in 2022, the company has reportedly continued to achieve success in its business. Bitmain’s latest Antminer product sold out within a minute in December, despite the declining profitability of cryptocurrency mining. On Tuesday, it emerged that North American crypto miner CleanSpark had acquired 45,000 Bitmain Antminers, doubling its mining capacity.The company’s founder, Jihan Wu, established a $250 million fund in September 2022 to help the mining industry during the difficult crypto winter. Following his departure from Bitmain in 2021, Wu established Bitdeer, a new cryptocurrency mining company that served as a spin-off of Bitmain. Crypto crackdownThe fine imposed on Bitmain highlights the continued scrutiny of the crypto industry in China. The country has taken steps to crack down on the crypto market, particularly going after the mining industry. China has banned crypto mining, though it still takes place via underground operations. One major headline in recent weeks related to the fact that a former Chinese Communist Party (CCP) secretary helped a crypto mining operation operate. One China court also ruled that cryptocurrency mining affects the climate negatively.Despite the crackdown, China is making headway with its digital yuan, a central bank digital currency (CBDC). The country continues to run pilots for the CBDC, each more extensive than the last. As China’s digital yuan gains momentum, it has been speculated that the country may use it as a tool to further restrict the use of decentralized cryptocurrencies.Companies operating in China will have to keep a close eye on their operations, especially since the country does not take a favorable stance towards crypto. Hong Kong hubHowever, Hong Kong is opening up to the crypto industry and is attempting to become a crypto hub. The Hong Kong government recently launched a regulatory framework for crypto exchanges, making it easier for crypto businesses to operate within the city. This move has attracted a significant number of crypto firms to relocate to Hong Kong from mainland China.Bitmain’s $3.7 million fine imposed for violating tax regulations in China is a clear sign that the scrutiny of the crypto industry in the country is still prevalent. Despite the challenges and uncertainties, the company has continued to achieve success in its business, and the industry’s regulatory landscape is continuously evolving. Companies in China will have to ensure compliance with all relevant regulations, while also exploring opportunities to operate in crypto-friendly jurisdictions like Hong Kong.