Japan targets 2028 for crypto ETF approval as global markets weigh U.S. risks

Ant Group Restructuring With Implications for BlockchainAnt Group, an affiliate company of Chinese conglomerate Alibaba, is understood to be undertaking a significant restructuring that could have broader implications for the digital asset industry.Photo by Shubham Dhage on UnsplashPotential IPOAccording to a recent report published by Bloomberg, the company is contemplating a separation of its blockchain and database management services, as well as its international business, from its core financial operations in China. It’s being speculated that the move is a precursor to Ant Group’s application for a financial holding license in China. Furthermore, it could be part of a bid to revive its suspended initial public offering (IPO) in Hong Kong.The company had been under regulatory scrutiny from the Chinese authorities over the course of the past three years. That investigation culminated in a hefty fine of 7.12 billion yuan ($995 million). The consequences of that regulatory investigation have taken a toll on the company’s valuation, plunging from a peak of $280 billion before the IPO cancellation in 2020 to a current estimated value of $79 billion.Blockchain business implicationsBy pursuing this restructuring, Ant Group seeks to refocus on its core financial services within China. It’s unclear what the outcome will be for non-core businesses such as blockchain-based ventures. Potentially spinning these businesses off could unlock hidden value in blockchain-related activities. However, such a move would also raise questions regarding the future of these non-core businesses and their potential impact on the broader digital asset industry.AntChain, the blockchain technology developed by Ant Group, holds a prominent position in China, being widely adopted across various sectors. Should Ant Group decide to spin off or divest this business, it could significantly alter the blockchain landscape in the country.Originally introduced as “Ant Blockchain” in 2017 alongside Alipay, AntChain expanded its services to provide blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS) to Ant Group’s partners in 2018. In mid-2020, Ant Group took a step further by transforming Ant Blockchain into a separate entity and rebranding it as AntChain. Besides blockchain solutions, AntChain is also actively involved in developing Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT), risk control technologies, and other value-added tech services.The wide adoption of Ant Group’s blockchain technology has played a pivotal role in promoting blockchain implementation in China. Last year the company unveiled a blockchain storage engine called Letus, as a mechanism to lower storage costs of blockchain networks. Another project saw it partner with a Malaysian investment bank in an effort to develop a crypto trading and portfolio management app. These are individual instances of the company’s varied activities in the blockchain space.Any alterations to its blockchain operations could impact the pace and scale of blockchain adoption in the country. While the Chinese authorities have discouraged crypto trading and mining, they have very much encouraged blockchain development.The restructuring appears to be a response to the increasing regulatory pressures in the fintech industry. A further tightening of regulations on blockchain operations for fintech companies might potentially hinder innovation and growth in the sector.Most likely the guiding hand of the government in China will have a material effect on how these blockchain-based businesses develop in the event of an Ant Group restructuring that would see them being spun out.

India is strategically navigating the development of its digital rupee, with the Reserve Bank (RBI) actively addressing privacy concerns through technological solutions in its central bank digital currency (CBDC) pilot programs. According to a recent report by CoinDesk, a senior official with insights into these initiatives revealed that while progress is evident, the RBI is proactively exploring ways to ensure privacy in the use of the digital rupee.Photo by Julian Yu on UnsplashPursuing mechanisms to maintain anonymityThe RBI has introduced a new dimension to the discourse on privacy concerns associated with CBDC usage. The central bank official suggested that the RBI may seek legal backing from India’s finance ministry to enact legislation allowing customers to delete transactions for the purpose of maintaining anonymity. New-found urgencyPublic statements from the RBI suggested a lack of urgency in implementing a full-scale retail CBDC, coupled with a reluctance to provide a specific timeline. However, recent events indicate that an underlying sense of urgency may be emerging. In the past month, the retail CBDC achieved a notable milestone, processing one million transactions in a single day, with support from various banks. Several banks, including HDFC Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, Axis Bank, Canara Bank, IDFC First Bank and Union Bank of India, reportedly encouraged their employees to deposit funds in CBDC instead of fiat currency, contributing to this achievement. The official overseeing the CBDC development emphasized the necessity for experimentation and substantial efforts to ensure the security of the digital currency. While the settlement aspect is considered straightforward, addressing latency remains a priority for the RBI. No mandate on taxThe RBI, historically known for its opposition to crypto both domestically and globally, clarified that crypto taxation is not within its mandate. This clarification suggests that the RBI might not object if the Indian government decides to reduce the stringent taxes currently imposed on cryptocurrencies. The central bank clarified that it lacks the mandate to express a viewpoint on reducing a contentious tax that has stirred debate within the crypto industry. The RBI has been a driving force behind the adoption of wholesale and retail CBDC since late 2022 when it initiated pilot programs. The official emphasized that taxation matters fall under the government’s purview, reinforcing the RBI’s focus on its designated responsibilities. Similarly, the country’s judiciary recently turned down a plea to have it formulate a crypto regulatory framework, outlining that this too is up to the government to address. The central bank has a historical context of attempting to ban cryptocurrencies, with effective prohibitions in place between 2018 and 2020 until a Supreme Court order overturned the ban. Since then, the RBI has consistently expressed concerns about cryptocurrencies in various forums, including the Group of 20, where India played a leading role in coordinating global regulation in the crypto space. Recent utterances from the RBI governor, Shaktikanta Das, suggest that the regulator is disinterested in seeing the offering of spot crypto exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in India despite that eventuality coming to pass last month in the United States. Das also spoke positively recently about the tokenization of real-world assets using blockchain technology.

South Korea is building payment rails for a tokenized won on two tracks, one led by banks extending a central bank digital currency pilot, the other by card issuers testing stablecoins, with no law yet to govern either. The Korea Internet & Security Agency and the Ministry of Science and ICT said last week they had begun a project to extend the Bank of Korea's CBDC pilot, Project Hangang, into retail payments, according to a report by local outlet Digital Asset.Ilustration generated with ChatGPTThe Korea Financial Telecommunications and Clearings Institute, which operates the country's interbank payment network, will lead the consortium of nine commercial banks, eight payment gateways and two large organizations that will pilot the payments. It will connect existing payment infrastructure to Project Hangang on a 9.6 billion won ($6.6 million) budget. The pilot tested deposit tokens, a tokenized form of commercial bank deposits backed by a wholesale CBDC. The design avoids building anything new. Consumers would pay through bank-issued deposit token wallet apps, with a physical card under consideration, and merchants would keep their existing terminals. The stated aim is faster settlement and lower fees for small merchants. The government also plans to use deposit tokens for public spending, starting with a pilot for official expenses and later a treasury model linked to dBrain, the nation’s digital budget accounting system. Card issuers defend the railsSeparately, Newspim reported the Credit Finance Association and nine card issuers, including Samsung Card, Shinhan Card, KB Kookmin Card and Hyundai Card, on July 22 concluded a joint proof of concept for won-denominated stablecoins. Run on a test network, it examined whether authorization, settlement and cancellation functioned when a won stablecoin was routed through existing card rails, and whether smart contract-based terminals and QR payments could also handle loyalty points and government-issued vouchers. The tests come as the card business faces mounting pressure. Net income at the eight card companies fell 8.9% last year to 2.36 trillion won ($1.6 billion), as merchant fee income declined despite rising card spending. With 3.09 million merchants, or 95.7% of the total, on preferential fee rates in the first half, and wallet-based stablecoin payments raising the prospect of transactions that bypass card networks altogether, issuers have reason to secure a role in whatever comes next. Their pitch is that they already own the hard part. "Issuers would have to build payment infrastructure from scratch to circulate a stablecoin," a card industry official said. Bolting a settlement function onto existing card rails, the industry argues, would also let issuers apply the fraud detection and anti-money laundering systems already running on those networks. Legislation still stalledDigital assets featured in a reform agenda announced last week by Kim Min-seok, a lawmaker and former prime minister running for leadership of the Democratic Party. "I believe we need financial reform, and one of its key aims should be to establish our sovereignty over digital assets," Kim told a news conference, according to another Digital Asset report. His agenda included passage of the Digital Asset Basic Act, a legal framework for won stablecoins, rules for issuing and trading security tokens, and investor protection. The act, covering stablecoin issuance and digital asset service providers, is targeted for passage this year. Work on the bill had been due to start after party and government consultations in March but was postponed indefinitely, with the crisis in the Middle East among the reasons cited.