Glassnode: 10% of BTC supply structurally vulnerable to quantum computing

Approximately 10% of the total Bitcoin supply is structurally insecure due to advancements in quantum computing technology, Glassnode pointed out in a new report, according to Cointelegraph. This is because these Bitcoins expose their public keys by design, regardless of how their addresses are managed. The report notes that this vulnerability affects around 1.92 million BTC. It explained that methods such as Pay-to-Public-Key (P2PK) outputs from the Satoshi Nakamoto era, legacy multisig structures like Pay-to-Multisig (P2MS), and Pay-to-Taproot (P2TR) outputs all expose public keys or equivalent information by design. Glassnode added that these findings highlight the need to implement secure pathways to counter quantum computing attacks, citing the proposed introduction of the Pay-to-Merkle-Root (P2MR) output type from BIP-360. The proposal aims to introduce a wallet format highly resistant to such attacks and enable voluntary migration.