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Seoul police arrest 24 in $11.6M crypto investment scamForty-nine individuals involved with six investment fraud rings, which ran fraudulent cryptocurrency investment websites promising returns of 500% on the day of the investment, have been referred to South Korean prosecutors, according to a report by local news outlet Edaily. Korean police have arrested and detained 24 members of these syndicates and issued Interpol red notices for nine individuals, including two leaders based abroad.The Cyber Investigation Unit of the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency (SMPA) announced on Tuesday (local time) that they have handed over a total of 49 individuals involved in the fraudulent scheme to the prosecution. These individuals collectively defrauded 253 victims out of KRW 15.1 billion ($11.6 million) by masquerading as investment advisors and luring the victims into chat rooms designed to offer fake investment opportunities. The police have charged them with fraud and violating the law against hiding illegal earnings, confiscating KRW 1.6 billion of the illicit funds.Photo by Bermix Studio on UnsplashOverseas leadershipTwo South Korean leaders are alleged to have orchestrated a crypto scam from the Philippines and other locations. Between September 2020 and April of last year, they recruited teams to work through Telegram, a messaging app, to execute various tasks, including withdrawing and laundering victims’ funds, managing bank accounts, running websites and enticing and defrauding victims. They imitated a legitimate investment firm to create a bogus cryptocurrency investment website and also operated chat rooms on Korean mobile messaging platforms to facilitate their scam.The fraudsters involved in this cryptocurrency scam operated by employing a database containing 1.62 million pieces of personal information illegally obtained through Telegram. Using this information, they randomly invited potential victims into chat rooms.Luring victims with promises of 500% returnsParticipants in the scheme took on multiple roles to share fabricated success stories about investments to lure individuals to their fraudulent site. They enticed victims with promises of a 500% return on the day of investment.Once lured to the site, victims were presented with manipulated images that showed fictitious investment returns, persuading them to invest money. The scammers would then entice victims to pay even more, citing taxes and extra fees. Eventually, the fraudsters would cut off the victims’ access to their accounts. The stolen funds, ranging from KRW 2 million to KRW 430 million per victim, were laundered through currency exchanges or by buying gift certificates.After 253 similar complaints were filed nationwide, police consolidated these reports and initiated an investigation in January of last year. During the investigation, they uncovered the participation of several local teams in the fraudulent operation. From March 2022 to last month, all Korean members involved were apprehended, except for nine individuals now on Interpol’s wanted list. Police are working on extraditing one of the two masterminds orchestrating the scheme from abroad after the person voluntarily surrendered. The other ringleader remains at large, flagged as a fugitive by Interpol, and authorities are pursuing their extradition.Oh Kyu-sik, who leads Cybercrime Investigation Unit 2 at the SMPA, has warned that chat rooms promising high returns on investments in virtual assets, stocks and futures should be approached with caution due to the high risk of fraud. He recommends that investors should verify the legitimacy of cryptocurrency investment sites by checking for any fraud reports listed on the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) website. Additionally, he suggests confirming the authenticity of investment companies through the FINE portal, which is operated by the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS).

Mosca, a cash-to-crypto exchange headquartered at the Moscow International Business Center, was subject to a raid carried out by the Russian authorities on April 23. The raid occurred in the immediate aftermath of a call from a member of the commission of the Public Chamber (OP) of the Russian Federation to ban crypto exchanges from facilitating the purchase of cryptocurrencies using cash.Photo by Egor Filin on UnsplashInvestigating fraudWhile attending the Blockchain Life 2025 event in Moscow, Mosca’s Head of Development, Dmitry Titarenko, confirmed to Cointelegraph that the rationale provided for the raid was that it was in connection with fraud perpetrated by one of its platform users. Titarenko added: “Law enforcement agencies have carried out a standard procedure of checking our customer data.” The raid occurred during the company’s attendance at the Blockchain Life conference. Mosca was a key conference participant, having established two stands at the event and winning an award for the best crypto exchange service. Reporting on the raid, local media outlet Baza said that it had been carried out in relation to fraud perpetrated against the former head of the Samara Region Development Corporation, Olga Serova. It explained that Serova had been conned into handing over 350 million rubles ($4.24 million) and $800,000 to the scammers.  Seven arrestsShe withdrew these funds from her bank at the end of last year, despite bank officials having tried to persuade her against the withdrawal for this purpose. The news outlet added that to date, seven people have been arrested in connection with the alleged fraud. The Mosca exchange service may be proving to be attractive to scammers as the platform allows users to buy up to 100,000 USDT per day using cash. Titarenko couldn’t confirm that the raid was carried out in connection with the Serova fraud case. He said that “maybe it was [in relation to] another client.”The exchange executive also confirmed that the company had been in the process of putting in place more resources to carry out anti-money laundering (AML) and know-your-customer (KYC) checks, together with a blacklisting system related to suspicious platform users. Cash-to-crypto ban proposalThe raid occurred within 24 hours of Yevgeny Masharov, a member of the commission of the Public Chamber (OP) of the Russian Federation, putting forward a proposal to ban crypto exchanges from receiving cash, making services like Mosca’s cash-to-crypto exchange illegal. According to state-owned Russian news agency TASS, Masharov said that such a move would “cause a large-scale blow to scammers, because it’s no secret that telephone scammers use crypto exchangers to withdraw cash.”Sergey Mendeleev, a well-known figure within crypto circles in Russia, told attendees at the Blockchain Life conference that such a cash-to-crypto ban would be an unwelcome development for the sector. If such a ban were to materialize, Mendeleev suggested that it would be an indication that the Russian authorities were turning away from the greater development of cryptocurrency in Russia. Last week, it emerged that Russia’s Ministry of Finance, in collaboration with the country’s central bank, plans to launch a crypto exchange for qualified investors. The central bank also confirmed plans to launch a digital ruble payment network in 2026.

Cross Trading of LUNA Tokens Uncovered on Three Korean Crypto ExchangesAccording to a report by the Maeil Business Newspaper on Wednesday, it was discovered that cross trading of LUNA tokens took place on three South Korean cryptocurrency exchanges: Bithumb, Coinone, and GoPax.Three crypto exchangesAn indictment by the Seoul Southern District Prosecutors’ Office against Terraform Labs co-founders Do Kwon and Daniel Shin, along with interviews conducted within the cryptocurrency industry, revealed that Bithumb, Coinone, and GoPax were involved in cross trading LUNA tokens with a combined value of $598 million. Specifically, Bithumb accounted for $224 million, Coinone for $299 billion, and GoPax for $74 billion.The prosecution has confirmed that cross trading continued until the end of February 2022, a period marked by significant demands for virtual asset legislation from both the market and academia. Despite widespread calls for regulations to curb unfair trading practices, these instances of cross trading went undetected.Classification of LUNAMoreover, it is reported that legal punishment for the $598 million worth of cross trading is challenging unless LUNA tokens are officially recognized as securities by the court. Under the Korean Capital Markets Act, only cross trading involving tokens identified as securities can be subject to penalties as a form of market manipulation.During a plenary session of the National Assembly’s Legislation and Judiciary Committee on Tuesday, Justice Minister Han Dong-hoon made a statement suggesting that LUNA tokens could be considered securities due to their backing by real-world assets. However, he said that this distinction might not apply to other tokens.On April 25, the Seoul Southern District Prosecutors’ Office indicted Shin and others as accomplices to Kwon, assuming that LUNA tokens were indeed securities. This case now revolves around whether the prosecution can successfully establish the classification of LUNA tokens as securities during the trial, making it the central issue in the case.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashCrypto investor protection legislationLast Thursday, the National Assembly’s National Policy Committee approved a bill known as the “Virtual Assets User Protection Act,” signaling an accelerated legislative process. However, there are arguments suggesting that the definition of cross trading should be further clarified in either the legislation or enforcement decree.A representative of a law firm specializing in virtual assets stated that the implementation of the User Protection Act would take another year even after its promulgation, making it challenging to retrospectively penalize cross trading practices that had already occurred.