Illicit Crypto Activities Estimated to Have Surpassed $100 Billion in S.E. Asia

Vietnamese authorities have dismantled a criminal ring that used cryptocurrency to launder illicit gambling profits, AFP reported, citing local media. The group converted local currency into digital assets such as USDT and Ethereum, routing funds to users for online betting. Operating multi-layered investment websites, the network grew to as many as 20,000 users and managed 25 million accounts, despite Vietnam’s ban on cryptocurrency. In total, the transactions involved were valued at roughly $3.8 billion. Police allege that millions of dollars were funneled into real estate, luxury cars, and cross-border cash transfers. While the money laundering probe continues, the gambling case has already produced convictions. Four Vietnamese siblings who ran the network, along with 39 other defendants, received sentences in Ho Chi Minh City ranging from a three-year suspended term to 13 years in prison. An Indian national identified as the alleged mastermind remains at large.Photo by Amanda Jones on UnsplashThai police foil crypto-themed fraudElsewhere in the region, police in neighboring Thailand busted a South Korean crime syndicate based in Pattaya that allegedly stole more than 20 billion won ($14.2 million) through fraud schemes that invoked cryptocurrency as a lure, along with other scams, the Chosun Ilbo reported. The scam ring reportedly obtained customer data from a lottery tip site and collected money from victims either by posing as agents offering membership refunds or by claiming to provide compensation for leaked personal information, which they disguised as opportunities to buy digital assets. In addition to these schemes, the syndicate ran romance scams and posed as authorities. Thai police arrested 20 members in a June resort raid. Nine more suspects, including ringleaders, remain in custody awaiting extradition. Seoul police said that, in total, 25 members have been caught, 21 of whom are now detained. Authorities believe the network may be linked to other groups in Thailand and are widening the investigation. Europe uncovers $120M crypto fraudCrypto crimes aren’t limited to Asia. In Europe, police arrested five suspects in a Eurojust-led operation that uncovered an online investment scam worth at least €100 million ($116.8 million). Operating since 2018 across 23 countries, the scheme lured victims with platforms promising high returns, then funneled deposits through Lithuanian accounts before disappearing. In a report by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, Elliptic Chief Scientist Tom Robinson said such schemes often have little to do with cryptocurrency itself, instead exploiting its technical obscurity and the allure of quick gains. Beyond scams, outright theft from crypto platforms is also climbing. A Chainalysis study found that by the end of June 2025, more than $2.17 billion had been stolen from exchanges and related platforms—already surpassing the total for all of 2024. The firm projects losses could reach $4 billion by year-end. The single largest incident was the February hack of the Bybit exchange, in which thieves took $1.5 billion, roughly 69% of all funds stolen in the first half of this year. Crypto crime turns increasingly violentThe Chainalysis report also flagged a rise in physical attacks, in which criminals use violence or coercion to force individuals to hand over their crypto holdings. The firm warned that 2025 may log nearly twice as many cases as the worst year on record, noting that the attacks often rise and fall with expectations for Bitcoin’s price. In response to these threats, Chainalysis stressed the need for a multilayered approach to crypto security. It advised service providers to strengthen internal controls through regular audits and employee screening, while upgrading wallet infrastructure and other technical defenses. For individuals, the firm said, keeping holdings discreet has become as critical as technical safeguards, especially amid the rise in physical attacks. 

Hong Kong Legislator Courting US Crypto Exchange CoinbaseRecently, Johnny Ng, a member of the Hong Kong Legislative Council, expressed his interest in the future development of Coinbase, a major US cryptocurrency exchange, in Hong Kong. In a tweet today, Ng said that he had been in contact with Coinbase and that he would keep the public updated on further progress.Photo by Ruslan Bardash on UnsplashNg’s invitation to crypto exchangesThis tweet follows Ng’s earlier invitation to Coinbase and other global crypto trading platforms to apply for licenses in Hong Kong. His comments are in line with Hong Kong’s efforts to become a hub for cryptocurrency and blockchain-related activities. As of June 1, a new licensing regime for centralized virtual asset trading platforms (VATPs) went into effect in the Chinese special administrative region.Differing opinionsDespite the enthusiasm shown by Ng, there are differing opinions on Hong Kong’s current suitability as a crypto-friendly jurisdiction. Leo Weese, the co-founder and President of the Bitcoin Association of Hong Kong, expressed reservations in an interview with crypto media outlet CoinDesk.Weese described Hong Kong’s current setup as “highly unattractive” for crypto businesses. He cited factors such as a relatively small and untested market, limited banking partnerships, and restrictive product offerings.Despite these challenges, Weese acknowledged some potential advantages, stating that Hong Kong’s classification of tokens as non-securities allows for the trading of securities that are deemed unregistered in other jurisdictions. It is important to note, however, that Weese cautioned against assuming that moving operations to Hong Kong would protect Coinbase from US regulatory measures.Moody’s altered outlook on CoinbaseMeanwhile, Moody’s, the American credit rating agency, recently revised Coinbase’s outlook from stable to negative, citing uncertainties surrounding the impact of the US Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) charges on Coinbase’s operation as an unregistered securities broker.

Zero Two Enters Into JV to Develop First Middle East Mining OpZero Two, a digital assets development company based in Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has partnered with leading North American crypto miner Marathon Digital in a joint venture that will result in the development and operation of the Middle East’s first large-scale crypto mining facility.Photo by Manuel Geissinger on PexelsInitial capacity of 250 MWIn a press release issued on Tuesday, Marathon Digital outlined that the venture is focused on accelerating the global digital economy while also supporting Abu Dhabi’s power grid.To progress the project, the two companies have formed the Abu Dhabi Global Markets JV Entity (AGDM Entity). Initially, two digital asset mining facilities, with a combined capacity of 250 MW, will be developed.One site, at Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, will account for 200 MW of that capacity. The remaining 50 MW capacity will be developed at a site located in the port area of Mina Zayed. The strategy of the firms is to exploit excess network energy in Abu Dhabi. The firms see this as a win/win as increasing the base load of the Abu Dhabi power grid will result in a more sustainable grid. The companies intend to supplement any use of non-sustainably produced energy with carbon offset certificates.80/20 equity splitThe two firms have agreed upon an 80%/20% equity split, with Zero Two being the lead investor. In the initial development period for the venture during 2023, both entities will contribute resources to the joint venture in proportion to the equity division, in the form of capital, equipment and infrastructure.Zero Two and Marathon had previously collaborated on a pilot project with the objective of determining the feasibility of building a large-scale facility. Air-cooled miners have not proven to be a success in hot arid climates like that of the Rub Al Khali Middle Eastern desert.The upshot of the pilot program was a determination that a custom-built immersion-cooled system would be feasible. Mining equipment for the facilities is already on order while construction at the two sites is underway. Both sites are expected to go online before the end of the year with a combined hashrate of 7 EH/s.Ahmed Al Hameli commented on the joint venture: “This alliance leverages Zero Two’s regional expertise, expansive relationships, and growing blockchain infrastructure development and operational capabilities, with Marathon’s technical prowess in developing digital asset sites and innovative mining technologies.These synergies create a powerful combination and lay the groundwork for the success of this pioneering project in the Middle East. Marathon shares our commitment to actively supporting Abu Dhabi’s power grid and developing global digital assets infrastructure. We look forward to working with them on this venture.”Jurisdictional arbitrageMarathon’s CEO Fred Thiel said that Zero Two’s regional relationships were an optimal compliment. It may be both a timely and shrewd move by Marathon to develop this project in the Middle East region. In recent weeks the Biden administration floated the idea of a 30% crypto mining tax. Crypto mining is a global endeavor.That type of additional overhead would make it very difficult for North American miners to remain viable. By opening up new working relationships in other regions, the company may be in a better position to pivot should North America and the firm’s Montana-based mining facility become unsustainable.