Hyperithm invests in Japanese yen stablecoin issuer JPYC Inc.

While cryptocurrencies may be banned in China, crypto trading activity continues in some corners, nonetheless, sometimes through accessing overseas exchanges. With that, authorities recently uncovered a massive underground banking operation that exploited crypto trading platforms to evade local forex regulations.Photo by Manuel Joseph on Pexels$2.2 billion laundering operationOn Sunday, an account on popular Chinese social media platform WeChat run by China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) published details of the $2.2 billion laundering operation bust. Xu Xiao, the Inspector at the Qingdao Branch of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, revealed that the scheme involved underground banks who purchased virtual currencies and then sold the virtual currencies through overseas trading platforms to obtain the foreign currency they needed. This process, he explained, completes the conversion of yuan and foreign currencies, constituting the illegal act of buying and selling foreign exchange. Stringent capital controlsChina enforces stringent rules on money transfers outside the country. Citizens are limited to exchanging up to $50,000 in foreign currency and require a permit for transactions beyond that limit. Any transaction exceeding the limit without a permit is considered money laundering. During a recent investigation, authorities seized cryptocurrencies valued at approximately $28,000 in Tether, Litecoin and other digital currencies. However, the operation is estimated to have facilitated the movement of over $2.2 billion, involving more than a thousand bank accounts across 17 provinces and municipalities. Monetary control loopholesChina, once the largest cryptocurrency market, imposed a comprehensive ban on crypto exchanges in September 2017 and subsequently expanded its restrictions to include crypto mining and trading. Despite these measures, reports have surfaced about underground crypto exchange operations. Earlier this year, an investigative report by the Wall Street Journal found that global exchange Binance continues to do thriving business with Chinese customers. Global crypto exchanges are reportedly still onboarding Chinese clients indirectly. The South China Morning Post (SCMP) recently accused Binance of facilitating Chinese crypto trading accounts by falsely claiming they are from Taiwan. While mainland China adopts a hostile stance towards cryptocurrencies, the special administrative region of Hong Kong remains progressive in the sector. Hong Kong’s regulatory authorities have introduced specific rules for cryptocurrencies and are licensing crypto exchanges operating within the jurisdiction. Arthur Hayes, the co-founder of the BitMEX crypto derivatives platform, recently described Hong Kong as the gateway for mainland China to global capital markets. Hayes asserted that wealthy Chinese individuals all bank in Hong Kong and with that, they all have access to crypto exchanges and brokers. In Cambodia, it is understood that illicit Chinese-linked activities oftentimes implicate the use of U.S. dollar stablecoin Tether (USDT) to move funds in and out of China even though Tether is banned in Cambodia. The latest crackdown in China underscores the ongoing challenges faced by authorities in controlling crypto-related activities, highlighting the dynamic nature of such activity within and adjacent to mainland China. As regulatory scrutiny intensifies, the contrast between mainland China’s approach and Hong Kong’s more open stance toward cryptocurrencies becomes increasingly evident. 

Strengthened KYC Spurs More Suspicious Transaction Reports from Korean Crypto ExchangesIn South Korea this year, there has been a significant surge in the number of suspicious transaction reports (STRs) related to cryptocurrencies, according to local news agency Yonhap.This increase is primarily attributed to cryptocurrency exchanges fortifying their Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures. This proactive response follows the controversy surrounding lawmaker Kim Nam-kuk’s significant virtual asset holdings, which were unveiled in May. His scandal came to light when a substantial amount of WEMIX tokens, valued in billions of Korean won, were transferred from the Bithumb exchange to the Upbit exchange. Upbit, deeming it a suspicious transaction, promptly reported the matter to the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of the Financial Services Commission (FSC).Photo by ron dyar on UnsplashGrowing number of suspicious transaction reportsAs the scandal continued to gain traction, the political realm reached a consensus to conduct investigations into the cryptocurrency holdings of all lawmakers. Additionally, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea initiated the tracking of all lawmakers’ cryptocurrency holdings last month, a process set to span 90 days.Data received by lawmaker Yoon Young-deok on October 30 from the FIU reveals that the number of STRs originating from virtual asset service providers (VASPs) has reached 11,646 in the first nine months of this year. This figure has already exceeded last year’s total of 10,797 STRs.Under the current Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information, commonly referred to as the Financial Transaction Reporting Act, VASPs are mandated to report to the FIU if they have reasonable grounds to suspect that a customer’s financial transactions are connected to illicit property, money laundering, or terrorist financing. The Act has been in full effect since October 2021.In 2021, a total of 199 reports were submitted under this Act. The number of reports surged to over 10,000 the following year, and in the current year, it continues to grow at an even faster rate. The FIU reviews and analyzes these STRs in accordance with Article 10 of the Financial Transaction Reporting Act. It forwards the relevant information to law enforcement agencies only when it is deemed necessary for the investigation of a specific criminal case.Enhanced but varied approaches by exchangesCrypto exchanges have bolstered their customer verification requirements, especially for customers deemed to have a high risk of involvement in money laundering, in accordance with the Financial Transaction Reporting Act. This entails the need for additional scrutiny of the source of funds and the purpose behind transactions. Notably, if customer verification appears suspicious, exchanges are mandated to confirm the authenticity of the information using reliable documents.However, it’s important to note that the enforcement decree accompanying this Act grants exchanges the flexibility to verify documents based on their own business guidelines. This autonomy has been provided to assist exchanges in effectively mitigating money laundering risks by taking into account their individual business rights and characteristics.For instance, Upbit, South Korea’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, has implemented a fraud detection system (FDS) powered by artificial intelligence to continuously monitor and identify fraudulent transactions. This initiative has earned Upbit recognition from the FIU as an outstanding organization for reporting suspicious transactions during the first half of this year.On the contrary, Bithumb has devised and applies internal guidelines dedicated to anti-money laundering (AML) measures. The exchange has instituted a streamlined customer verification process for customers who are assessed as having a low likelihood of being engaged in money laundering activities. However, this simplified process is not extended to individuals from countries that have not adopted the recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).Korbit monitors information related to customer verification through a dedicated department. It declines transactions for customers who have not undergone sufficient verification and validation procedures.Coinone’s AML department examines customer transactions comprehensively. It maintains ongoing reviews of customer information, business operations, risk assessments, and the source of funds. If any of these aspects are found to be suspicious or inadequate, the AML department proceeds with additional customer verification, including the disclosure of the source of funds.Some raise concerns about the inconsistency in customer verification standards for AML and STRs across different exchanges. When one exchange flags a transaction as suspicious, another might see it as routine. Such discrepancies highlight the need for uniform guidelines. Addressing this, the Digital Asset eXchange Association (DAXA), consisting of Korea’s five leading currency exchanges — Upbit, Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit, and Gopax — has set up an AML division to devise standardized rules for STRs.

Animoca Brands Partners With Yuga Labs on ‘Wreck League’ LaunchHong Kong’s Animoca Brands and its San Francisco-based subsidiary nWay, a developer and publisher of multiplayer games, have partnered with Yuga Labs, unveiling their latest creation: “Wreck League.”Photo by Haidan on UnsplashLeveraging Web3Diving into uncharted waters in the realm of esports, this game leverages Web3 technology to empower players with the ability to construct, possess, and engage in battles with their very own distinctive Mech fighters.“Wreck League” challenges the traditional boundaries of gaming by permitting enthusiasts to craft their fighters, engage in fierce competitions, and secure on-chain rewards. Set to debut its maiden season, the game will draw inspiration from the Web3 stalwart, Yuga Labs.The game boasts a dual-pronged design, encompassing both Web2 and Web3 versions. In a savvy maneuver to capture a wide-ranging audience, nWay has devised a marketing strategy that seamlessly integrates effective user acquisition techniques from their previous ventures while circumventing complex blockchain terminology.Clarifying the ingenious concept behind the game, Taehoon Kim, the CEO of nWay, explained: “Wreck League stands as a fusion of Web3 and Web2 concepts. Our mission revolves around unifying communities and players, tapping into the creative wellspring of the Web3 community to consistently elevate the game’s content.”Designed for player retentionWithin the player community, creators, owners, and participants converge to partake in league events. The crux of the game revolves around the assembly of high-performance Mechs, crafted from a collection of 10 distinct Mech Parts NFTs.Player retention is a cornerstone of its design, driven by an engaging trajectory of in-game progression through upgradable mech parts, enhancing gameplay dynamics, and embedding the notion of asset ownership. The more players invest in refining their assets and advancing through levels, the stronger their bond with the game becomes. Active participation in events and tournaments further reinforces player allegiance.Yat Siu, the Co-Founder and Executive Chairman of Animoca Brands, is optimistic regarding the transformative potential of “Wreck League” within the esports sector. Siu envisions the game, where digital asset ownership is the norm, as a harbinger of a monumental shift in competitive gaming dynamics.Expanding market reachFor Yuga’s part, the NFT and metaverse company is using gaming, through this particular partnership, as a mechanism to broaden the reach of its well-established NFT brand. That said, it has also made its own individual efforts in that regard recently. The Web3 studio, best known for having created the Bored Ape Yacht Club (BAYC) NFT collection, has released two games, Dookey Dash and Forge, independently.nWay and Animoca Brands get to benefit from access to Yuga’s well-known NFT collections through the partnership. The companies confirmed that as part of the gaming experience, gamers will be able to collect and take ownership of in-game digital assets in the form of NFTs.Animoca acquired nWay in December 2019 for $7.69 million. The games developer and publisher creates and distributes triple A games on console, PC, and mobile platforms. At the time of the acquisition Animoca Brands outlined that it foresaw nWay innovating in the area of blockchain-based games, with the intention of both companies working together relative to that endeavor.