China disrupts massive crypto-related laundering operation

Terraform Labs civil trial proceeds with confidential filingsSingaporean blockchain development firm Terraform Labs, the creator of the failed Terra blockchain protocol, has reached an agreement on a protective order in their ongoing civil case with the United States’ Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).Photo by Thomas Habr on UnsplashData shielded from public disclosureThe decision, sanctioned by the U.S. District Court Judge Jed Rakoff in the Southern District of New York on Wednesday, ensures that materials marked as confidential by the involved parties will remain shielded from public disclosure. The court is obligated to seal any discovery filings labeled confidential ahead of the trial.Judge Rakoff conveyed his likelihood of denying requests to unseal these confidential documents, although the order did not delve into the specific rationale for maintaining their confidential status beyond citing “good cause.” The finalized agreement on this protective order took place on Dec. 18, with legal representatives from both the SEC and Terraform Labs, including co-founder Do Kwon, giving their consent. Kwon, presently detained in Montenegro, faces potential extradition to the United States or South Korea.Pivotal momentThe depegging of Terraform’s stablecoin TerraUSD (UST) from the U.S. dollar marked a turning point in the cryptocurrency sector. This event is believed to have significantly contributed to the crypto market downturn in 2022, as it had a knock-on effect on countless other crypto businesses and platforms that were over-exposed to the flawed algorithmic currency.That chain of events led to the SEC taking action after the fact. However, it has subsequently also pursued a much criticized “regulation by enforcement” policy relative to the crypto sector. To that end, the Commission has pending cases against Coinbase, Ripple, Kraken and Binance, among others.In February, the SEC accused Terraform Labs and Do Kwon of conducting a multi-billion dollar crypto asset securities fraud by offering and selling unregistered securities. As proceedings have unfolded, both Terraform and the SEC have traded unsuccessful attempts to obtain summary judgment.Far-reaching consequencesThe ongoing SEC vs. Terraform civil case carries potential far-reaching consequences in terms of legal precedents within the cryptocurrency sector. In a separate ruling in August, the court allowed Terra to issue subpoenas to FTX entities as part of FTX’s bankruptcy proceedings. Judge Rakoff, in November, accepted confidential materials from Jump Crypto Holdings for discovery in this case.Troubled crypto lender Genesis Trading has also been tangled up in the proceedings with the courts directing it to comply with a subpoena initiated by Terraform Labs. The outcome of this case is poised to offer essential legal guidance for numerous companies operating in the crypto space.The SEC’s regulatory approach toward cryptocurrency firms in the United States has been subject to considerable debate and criticism. The commission’s alleged “regulation by enforcement” strategy, especially in dealings with major players in the crypto industry, has drawn accusations.While many in the U.S. have been unhappy with “regulation by enforcement,” the upside is that over the longer haul, the courts will be able to eventually furnish the regulatory clarity that the SEC refuses to provide. The ongoing scrutiny of regulatory approaches and the outcomes of cases like Terraform Labs vs. SEC will undoubtedly shape the future legal landscape of the cryptocurrency industry.

HashKey’s New $100M Fund to Prioritize AltcoinsHashKey Capital, the investment arm of Hong Kong-based crypto firm HashKey Group, is embarking on a new investment journey with the launch of a fund that predominantly targets major altcoins.Photo by Kanchanara on Unsplash50% altcoin allocationIn a recent interview with Reuters, Jupiter Zheng, the Portfolio Manager of the fund, revealed that less than 50% of the fund’s allocation will be directed towards Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH), the two largest cryptocurrencies.The fund has already garnered attention from potential clients, primarily high-net-worth individuals and investment firms catering to affluent, high-net-worth Asian families. Zheng underscored the fund’s commitment to diversifying investment strategies, which he believes is necessary as a consequence of the Hong Kong stock market’s recent weakness.“We see untapped demand from professional investors who wish to chase above-market returns in crypto,” Zheng noted, suggesting that the allure of crypto assets is becoming increasingly appealing to traditional investors.$1 billion assets under managementHashKey Capital has $1 billion in assets under management, and the firm has set an ambitious target of raising $100 million for the newly launched fund within the next 12 months. This allocation strategy also includes a portion of the fund’s holdings in cash, allowing for flexibility in navigating the dynamic and volatile cryptocurrency market.In addition to forging ahead with crypto investments, the company is actively establishing distribution channels with offshore Chinese financial institutions, expanding its reach and influence in the digital asset space.Positive market outlookZheng remains optimistic about the crypto market’s future, expressing confidence that cryptocurrency prices are finding stability as industry liquidity improves. He cited several factors contributing to this stabilization, including the plateauing of US interest rates and the growing interest of large US asset managers in filing for spot Bitcoin ETFs, indicating a maturing and evolving industry sector.Responding to news of the new fund, Ryan Selkis, CEO and Founder of crypto market intelligence firm Messari, said that he expected other funds to follow suit in 2024 given that “there’s a ton of inefficiency and mispricing in assets 50–500 by market cap.”HashKey’s progression in the crypto investment space can be traced back to its acquisition of a Type 9 asset management license from Hong Kong’s Securities and Futures Commission last year. This license granted HashKey the ability to manage portfolios exclusively composed of virtual assets, laying the groundwork for its latest venture. It has since secured Type 1 and Type 7 licenses and recently started offering its products to retail investors in Hong Kong, being one of the first to do so.Funding roundEarlier in the year, the company successfully closed a $500 million investment round for a fund dedicated to infrastructure, tooling, and applications that drive the widespread adoption of blockchain and crypto technologies. In April, it launched a wealth management service in response to demand from investors who were looking to gain exposure to digital assets.Hong Kong’s welcoming stance towards cryptocurrencies and its proactive approach to addressing market demand for alternative assets have played a pivotal role in attracting digital asset firms. The city’s Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) has been granting licenses to crypto exchanges in alignment with its new licensing framework, opening up opportunities for retail investors to trade “large-cap tokens” on licensed platforms while implementing safeguards like knowledge tests, risk profiles, and reasonable exposure limits.

At Hong Kong FinTech Week 2025, Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) Chief Executive Julia Leung outlined plans to link Hong Kong’s crypto market with global liquidity. She announced that licensed virtual asset trading platforms (VATPs) will be allowed to share a global order book with their overseas counterparts. According to a statement published on the SFC’s website, this step will enable local investors to access international markets more efficiently, improving price discovery and competitiveness. Leung added that more initiatives are on the way to connect local brokers directly to global liquidity networks. This latest connectivity push comes as Hong Kong considers new guardrails for crypto holding companies such as digital asset treasuries (DATs), which hold cryptocurrencies as strategic assets.Photo by Manson Yim on UnsplashSFC points to regulatory gaps for digital asset treasuriesThe state-owned newspaper Wen Wei Po reported that Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) Chairman Kelvin Wong noted the current lack of regulations governing listed companies operating as DATs and the limited understanding of such entities. Chairman Wong added that firms seeking to list in Hong Kong as DATs would need to persuade both the SFC and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEX) of their suitability. For companies already listed, he urged investors to remain alert to the potential risks involved. This regulatory concern over crypto investing companies emerges as Hong Kong simultaneously presses ahead with its ambition to become a leading hub for digital finance. City advances on e-HKD and tokenizationIn line with that ambition, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) unveiled its e-HKD Pilot Programme Phase 2 Report in an Oct. 28 press release. The report outlines the potential benefits of its central bank digital currency (CBDC), the e-HKD, and tokenized deposits, noting that public feedback on both concepts has been broadly positive. The program's second phase involved 11 pilot projects led by various consortiums. These projects explored retail use cases, emphasizing the e-HKD’s commercial viability and scalability. Key focus areas included the settlement of tokenized assets, programmability, and offline payments. Participants in the program included Aptos Labs, the Boston Consulting Group (BCG), Hang Seng Bank, Standard Chartered, and BlackRock. Based on the report's findings, the HKMA stated it would initially prioritize the e-HKD’s application in wholesale or large-value payments, leveraging its credit risk–free nature as a central bank liability. Concurrently, the authority plans to continue studying potential retail and corporate applications, aiming to lay the groundwork for broader implementation by the first half of 2026. Survey shows strong investor appetiteAmong the program’s participants, Aptos Labs, Boston Consulting Group (BCG), and Hang Seng Bank reported accelerating interest in tokenized funds. A survey they conducted found that 61% of retail investors in Hong Kong and mainland China planned to double their exposure. Held between May and June 2025 among more than 500 retail fund investors, the survey tracked sentiment and appetite for tokenized products. Mainland participants showed particularly strong demand for cross-border access. The findings also detailed differing motivations among Hong Kong investors. Active traders expect to lift tokenized fund allocations from 10% to 26%, attracted by round-the-clock trading and greater flexibility. Wealth transfer planners indicated an expected expansion from 5% to 16%, highlighting programmable fund structures for tailored trusts and transparent oversight. Long-term investors aim to raise exposure from 8% to 25%, citing instant liquidity and the ability to use tokenized assets as loan collateral. Mainland investors projected their allocations would climb from 11% to 24%, reportedly viewing tokenized funds as a practical route around capital restrictions. The survey noted that programmable features could support dynamic allocation across Hong Kong products, the onshore use of profits, and smoother cross-border transfers. BCG commented that the survey outcomes align with Hong Kong's measured advance in crypto oversight, pointing to the city’s stablecoin regime that came into force in August. The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) has signaled, however, that licensing under that regime will not begin until early next year. The ongoing development of the e-HKD and the prospective regulation of digital-asset treasuries point to Hong Kong’s broader strategy of integrating digital finance into its mainstream economy. Together, these initiatives underscore a cautious yet steady effort to position the city as a global center for digital finance.