SK C&C to Spearhead Establishment of Korea’s First Alternative Trading System

A Cambodia-headquartered financial group recently cut off from the U.S. financial system is suspected of having operated in South Korea, raising fresh questions about cross-border crypto and currency flows tied to the group. According to the Dong-A Ilbo, which cited data from the Korea Customs Service (KCS), Huione Group—now sanctioned by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)—appears to have run a currency exchange in Seoul from 2018 to July 2024. The outlet reported that a banner on the premises displayed a logo identical to Huione’s, prompting suspicions about its ownership and control.Photo by Aleksandar Pasaric on PexelsTies to North Korean hackersThe exchange reported conducting roughly $20,000 in annual currency conversions during that period, excluding cryptocurrency transactions. The timeline overlaps with a period in which Huione Group reportedly received $150,000 in cryptocurrency from the North Korean hacking group Lazarus.  Connections also extend to Cambodia. Panda Bank—a local lender that shares a building with Huione subsidiaries—supports USDT transactions originating from South Korea. Panda Bank director He Yanming is listed as the owner of Huione Crypto, a virtual asset service provider (VASP), suggesting potential links between operations in Seoul and Phnom Penh. These developments come against the backdrop of a U.S. investigation disclosed in May, in which FinCEN said Huione’s business networks, including payments arm Huione Pay, collectively laundered at least $4 billion in illicit proceeds between August 2021 and January 2025. Crypto used in $2.6B illegal conversionsMeanwhile, recent KCS data also shows a rise in illegal currency conversions involving cryptocurrency by foreign nationals. The Korea Economic Daily reported conversions totaling 432 billion won ($302 million) in 2021, climbing to 836 billion won ($584.5 million) in 2023 and 956 billion won ($668.4 million) last year. Over the past eight years, the total amount involved in such cases reached 3.7 trillion won ($2.59 billion) across 28 instances. By value, Chinese nationals accounted for 84.1% of the total, followed by Australians (11.1%), Vietnamese (3.2%), and Russians (1.6%). The growing prevalence of cryptocurrency in illicit activity parallels a broader surge in crypto investment within the country. Many South Koreans have turned to digital assets, often with home ownership as a long-term goal. Trading on local exchanges, Bloomberg reported, is heavily skewed toward more volatile altcoins, which make up more than 80% of total volume.  That stands in contrast to global markets, where investors largely focus on Bitcoin and Ethereum, which together make up more than half of overall trading. The momentum in local crypto investment intensified after Donald Trump’s U.S. presidential victory, with crypto trading in Korea reaching $27 billion in December 2024, about 80% of turnover on the KOSPI stock index. The investigation underscores the growing challenge for regulators in tracking and containing cross-border financial networks that rely on cryptocurrency and informal money transfers. As crypto adoption deepens in South Korea and scrutiny widens abroad, authorities find themselves navigating an increasingly intricate intersection of financial opportunity, enforcement, and risk. 

SkyArk Chronicles, a Singapore-based Triple-A gaming platform, recently announced the completion of a $15 million funding round that it suggested was led by Binance Labs, the venture arm of the leading global crypto platform. Binance has subsequently moved to clarify that it is not involved in the latest funding initiative.Photo by Laurin Steffens on UnsplashBacked by Binance since 2021The gaming ecosystem, which has enjoyed the backing of Binance since 2021, expressed excitement about the successful completion of the funding round. On Jan. 12, SkyArk posted on social media platform X, suggesting that Binance led the recent funding round but the project has since deleted that post. The post mentioned the participation of more than 40 institutions in the funding round, including Vividthree Productions, a Singapore-based company. It didn’t disclose the amount it claimed was invested by Binance Labs at that time. The announcement also highlighted contributions from other notable entities in the NFT and gaming space, such as GuildFi Global, Jambo Technology and BreederDAO. Additionally, individual investors like LayerZero CEO Bryan Pellegrino, Tangent Ventures Co-Founder Wangarian and Story Protocol CEO S.Y. Lee were all claimed by the project to have made noteworthy contributions to SkyArk's funding initiative. Binance Labs denialHowever, recent developments have introduced an element of uncertainty. Binance Labs, in an X post on Monday, distanced itself from SkyArk Chronicles' latest funding round. Contrary to the earlier announcement, Binance Labs clarified that it did not participate in SkyArk's $15 million funding round earlier this month. The venture arm reiterated its sole investment in SkyArk during the Incubation Season 3 program in 2021. This clarification from Binance Labs raised concerns about the accuracy of SkyArk Chronicles' earlier announcement, leading to SkyArk posting to confirm the information supplied by Binance. That post states: “We are very sorry for the miscommunication and appreciate the clarification from Binance Labs. We remain focused on making SkyArk a success and will continue working hard to achieve our vision.” Community reactionThe saga has caused some concern within the community, underscoring the need for transparency in the cryptocurrency and gaming industries. Web3 and NFT consultancy firm Vader Research commented on the development, stating:”SkyArk didn’t raise a new private round at all. They circulated the 2021 funding round announcement as if it recently occurred and used that to raise $11m from the public.” In a subsequent post, Vader added that Binance still has considerable leverage where SkyArk is concerned, as it retains the right to decide whether to list the SkyArk token on the platform. SkyArk Chronicles had a history of collaboration with Binance, dating back to 2021 when Binance selected SkyArk Studio for its prestigious Incubator Program Season 3. Out of over 1,000 applicants, SkyArk Studio was one of the nine teams chosen, emphasizing its potential in the blockchain and gaming space. In a follow-up post on Monday, SkyArk co-founder Kelvin Chua expressed his gratitude to Binance for its support over the past three years. The gaming platform, led by seasoned professionals in traditional mobile games, aspires to revolutionize the gaming sector worldwide. Their focus on launching Fully-On-Chain and Only-Assets-On-Chain games sets them apart, with a commitment to incorporating NFTs seamlessly into various gameplay styles. 

In a move to enhance the oversight of cross-border wire transfers involving virtual assets, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP), the central bank of the Philippines, is fortifying the implementation of regulations relative to crypto transfers.Photo by C Bueza on UnsplashTravel rule clarificationsLocal news outlet, the English language newspaper The Philippine Star reported that central bank memorandum 2023-042 provides clarifications on the travel rule for virtual asset service providers (VASPs). The travel rule requires financial institutions to pass on information to the next institution where a transaction takes place. The BSP aims to bring greater clarity to several aspects, including the applicability of the P50,000 transaction threshold and expectations regarding transactions involving jurisdictions without travel rules. Additionally, further interpretation is being provided concerning the extension of the Philippine travel rule to non-custodial VASPs and regulatory expectations surrounding transactions with unhosted wallets or crypto wallets controlled directly by their owners, rather than managed by third-party service providers. FATF compliance ambitionThis regulatory move is in response to the directives from the Paris-based Financial Action Task Force (FATF). In 2021 the Philippines came under greater scrutiny from the intergovernmental organization, when it was included on its "gray list," making it a candidate for increased monitoring. The FATF has called upon the Philippines to establish guidelines for the travel rule to prevent terrorists and criminals from exploiting virtual asset transfers for the unrestricted movement of their assets and to detect and prevent misuse effectively.BSP-supervised financial institutions (BSFIs) are now mandated to scrutinize specific details of virtual asset transfers, including the originator's name, account number used in the transaction, originator's physical address or national identity and the beneficiary's name and account number. International moves towards complianceThis latest move by the Philippine central bank is not unusual. In recent months, a plethora of similarly motivated central banks around the world have tightened up on crypto regulation as it relates to the FATF directives. Being on the FATF's "gray list" is bad for a country’s reputation. It has the potential to result in loss of investor confidence and lead to higher compliance costs and greater monitoring. Additionally, it may have an impact on trade relations and damage a country’s ability to access international finance.  Turkey has also found itself on the organization’s gray list. Working towards repairing that situation, Turkey is in the process of establishing a crypto regulatory framework that will be FATF compliant.In May, Pakistan went a step further in banning cryptocurrency. At the time, its Minister of State for Finance and Revenue, Aisha Ghaus Pasha, stated that the ban had been a requirement for Pakistan’s removal from the FATF gray list. A tightening of crypto regulations has also occurred in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and in Hong Kong more recently, as those territories work towards ensuring FATF compliance. The BSP emphasizes that transactions not surpassing the P50,000 threshold or its equivalent in foreign currency must include the names and account numbers of both the originator and beneficiary. Both originating and beneficiary VASPs are required to establish and adhere to robust sanction screening procedures, ensuring compliance with sanctions lists and preventing transactions involving sanctioned individuals, entities, or jurisdictions.