South Korean Prosecutors Fail to Recover Do Kwon’s Assets

Two Russian nationals have been referred to prosecutors in South Korea for allegedly facilitating the illegal transfer of roughly 58 billion won ($42.2 million) to Russia using USDT, a U.S. dollar-pegged stablecoin. According to a report by KBS News, the Seoul branch of the Korea Customs Service (KCS) announced the charges on May 22, citing violations of the country’s Foreign Exchange Transaction Act. The suspects, a man and a woman both in their 40s, reportedly operated an unauthorized money exchange business to carry out the transactions.Photo by Polina Tankilevitch on PexelsOver 6K transactionsAuthorities suspect the pair of repeatedly using USDT to conduct cross-border transfers between South Korea and Russia. From January 2023 to July 2023, the duo allegedly completed 6,156 illegal remittance transactions, either sending funds abroad or receiving payments on behalf of others, totaling the full 58 billion won in question. Investigators revealed that the two suspects, who hold permanent residency in South Korea and have overseas Korean status, used the messaging app Telegram to solicit clients. When transferring money to Russia, they reportedly collected funds via kiosks in convenience stores that allow users to send money without a bank account. The collected cash was then used to purchase USDT to complete the remittances. According to customs officials, the suspects would either send the cryptocurrency directly to a crypto wallet specified by the customer, or forward it to accomplices in Russia. These accomplices would then convert the crypto to cash and distribute rubles to recipients through local channels. Illicit crypto use by businesses The operation also handled export payments for South Korean businesses. The suspects reportedly accepted payments from Russian importers on behalf of Korean used car dealers and cosmetics exporters. In these cases, associates in Russia would collect ruble payments from importers, convert the funds into USDT and send the cryptocurrency to contacts in Korea. The funds were then exchanged for Korean won and deposited into the accounts of the businesses. Customs officials believe that the group’s services became particularly appealing after the start of the Russia-Ukraine war in 2022. In the wake of U.S. and international sanctions against Russia, legitimate financial channels for cross-border transactions became restricted, prompting some companies and individuals to turn to illegal alternatives. The Korean export companies involved in these transactions have been fined. The Seoul Customs Office emphasized that illegal money exchange operations are often exploited for criminal activities such as drug trafficking, voice phishing and gambling. In response, the agency committed to stronger enforcement and pledged to spare no effort in combating unlawful financial operations. Scams grow inside the borderThe surge in crypto-related financial crimes in South Korea extends beyond cross-border transactions. According to a recent report by Maeil Business Newspaper, Kakao Pay—a local mobile payment platform—has detected around 70,000 cases of malicious apps linked to virtual assets over the past month. Of those, 80% were associated with Ponzi schemes, where fraudsters lure victims with promises of high returns before disappearing with the funds. A Kakao Pay spokesperson noted that new forms of security threats are emerging alongside the rapid growth of the crypto market, adding that the company is prioritizing the development of stronger security systems. 

Zhong An Bank (ZA Bank), Hong Kong’s largest digital bank, has announced that it is now offering crypto trading services to its 800,000 retail customers. The bank set out details of its latest offering in a press release published to its website on Nov. 25. With that, ZA Bank claims to be the first Asian bank to offer crypto trading services to retail customers. Singapore’s DBS Bank was the first conventional bank in Asia to offer crypto services, although in that case, its offering was confined to institutional and accredited investors. It has yet to launch crypto trading for its retail customers.Photo by Traxer on UnsplashHashKey Exchange partnership While DBS built its own crypto exchange platform, in this instance, ZA Bank has decided to partner with local regulated crypto platform, HashKey Exchange. To begin with, the bank will offer Bitcoin and Ethereum in HKD and USD trading pairs. To promote the service, users are being offered commission-free trading during the first three months. A minimum investment level of HKD 600 ($70) has been set. Essentially, ZA Bank customers can access this trading feature through the ZA Bank banking app. Commenting on the partnership, HashKey Exchange CEO Livio Weng stated:”Our collaboration goes beyond technical synergies; it also reflects our shared commitment to upholding the highest regulatory standards. Looking ahead, HashKey Exchange will continue to work closely with ZA Bank to drive the development of the Web3 ecosystem, while delivering more diversified financial services to our users. Together, we aim to usher in a new era of wealth management.” HashKey Exchange is one of three virtual asset exchanges in the Chinese autonomous territory that have been fully regulated and licensed. Facilitating retail demand The bank cited a recent Hong Kong Association of Banks survey, which suggested that 70% of respondents believe that banks offering virtual asset trading services would mean greater convenience for people in accessing cryptocurrencies. Consequently, it would lead to further adoption of cryptocurrencies and it’s on this basis that ZA Bank has launched this latest service, catering to an emerging demand from its customers. Speaking to that, ZA Bank's Alternate Chief Executive Calvin Ng stated:“The rise of cryptocurrency presents investors with more diverse asset allocation opportunities.” On X, Neo blockchain co-founder Da Hongfei described the development as “noteworthy.” In particular, he highlighted the fact that ZA Bank supports account openings not just for Hong Kong residents but also mainland China residents living in Hong Kong. Notwithstanding that, crypto services still remain out of bounds for mainland China residents.  Hongfei also pointed out that the offering doesn’t allow the customer to transfer crypto purchased via the app off the platform. It is strictly limited to trading of crypto between digital assets and fiat currency. This offering by ZA Bank has been in the works for quite a while, with the bank having indicated that an app-based crypto retail offering was in development last December.  In September the bank received approval from the China Securities Regulatory Commission to add digital asset transactions to its Type 1 license. The bank is owned by ZA Global, an affiliate company of Chinese insurance company Zhong An.

Hong Kong-based ZA Bank has published a “2023 in review” blog post that suggests that the virtual bank is preparing to bring virtual asset trading to retail customers through its ZA Bank App.Photo by David McBee on PexelsEmbracing retailIn the blog article which was published to its website last week, Hong Kong’s largest virtual bank expressed its dedication to bolstering Hong Kong’s aspiration to emerge as a global hub for Web3. As the city embraces a new licensing regime for virtual asset trading platforms, ZA Bank unveiled its plans to introduce fiat currency-based virtual asset trading services for retail investors through the ZA Bank App. The bank first aired the notion of such an offering back in May. Its renewed coverage of the topic would seem to suggest that such a product offering is much closer to launch. Additionally, the bank anticipates the launch of its U.S. stock trading service after obtaining necessary approvals, promising a stream of innovative and exciting services in the future. Regulatory trendNews of the bank’s proposed retail offering aligns with moves being made by local regulators over the course of recent months to enable retail access to crypto-based products within the Chinese autonomous territory. In June, a regulatory framework was put in place by the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) to enable licensed virtual asset platforms to market to retail investors. In recent days it has emerged that regulators are prepared to accept applications for spot crypto exchange-traded fund (ETF) products which would be made available to retail investors. Banking the crypto sectorZA Bank also announced that it has been providing banking support to more than 80 Web3 companies since the beginning of this year, aligning with its commitment to “Banking for Web3,” introduced in April. Notable among the roster of supported companies is OKX Hong Kong, with ZA Bank serving as the trusted banking partner for locally licensed virtual asset trading platforms (VATPs) such as HashKey and OSL. The bank, which was established by ZhongAn Online and Beststar in 2018, has served an important banking role in respect of the digital assets sector in Hong Kong in 2023. While the authorities in Hong Kong appear to have pulled out all of the stops over the course of the past year to nurture crypto business, banking was identified as an area of difficulty. In June, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) explicitly questioned the reluctance of some major banks to extend services to crypto companies, applying pressure on them to do so. Given that background, ZA Bank, being a first mover in embracing the industry, has played an important role in Hong Kong. ZA Bank’s impact is evident in its notable market presence, with one in 10 Hong Kong adults choosing the institution for their banking needs. The ZA Bank App earned the distinction of being the highest-rated banking app on Hong Kong’s Google Play in 2023. The bank has surpassed HKD 10 billion in customer deposits and secured the top spot in Asia in the Sia Partners 2023 International Mobile Banking Benchmark, maintaining the sixth position globally.