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India Looks to Boost CBDC With 1 Million Users in 3 Months

Policy & Regulation·April 11, 2023, 2:16 AM

The project team responsible for India’s retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) is aiming to increase its user base to one million users, while also prioritizing the challenge of creating an offline version.

50 Indian rupees bill in cash
©Pexels/Sohel Patel

Although the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), India’s central bank, publicly stated in March that they were aiming for 500,000 users by July, they are privately looking to double that amount. According to sources familiar with the matter cited by CoinDesk, the architects behind the centralized digital currency are confident that India’s population, being the world’s largest, will enable them to reach one million users easily. Tentatively the project team is aiming to achieve this within three months.

 

Retail and Wholesale CBDCs

The RBI is currently conducting both retail and wholesale CBDC pilot programs. The retail CBDC pilot is active in at least 15 cities, with more than 13 banks participating. The digital rupee pilot began on December 1, 2022, and has seen over 100,000 customers participate in the four months since.

India’s digital rupee gained significant attention at a recent meeting of the Group of 20 (G-20), which was hosted by India in Bengaluru, according to RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das. The central bank received positive feedback, with praise received for the design of the CBDC.

 

Multiple challenges

The RBI initiated a Hackathon in 2023 to find solutions to some of the challenges around retail CBDC, including improving scalability, increasing transactions per second, and enabling offline transactions. However, achieving all three technical objectives at once is nearly impossible at present. Experts believe that it is only possible to achieve two out of the three objectives, but the hope is that technological innovation will address this in the future.

 

Offline transactions

Facilitating offline transactions is crucial to improve financial inclusion in emerging economies such as India. The RBI is testing various methods to enable offline transactions, including wearables, debit and credit cards, Bluetooth technology, and smartphones. The central bank is also looking to address the risk of double-spending.

More than 50 proposals were submitted to the RBI to solve the problem of offline transactions. The RBI has also been interacting with private companies to consider solutions to improving scalability, even though no partnership has been initiated with any prominent blockchain-related entities.

News of India’s ambitious CBDC project fast-tracking has led some to speculate as to what technology lies behind it. Some have suggested Ripple as a possible partner but the suggestion is entirely speculative at this point.

The RBI has not announced a timeline for rolling out a full-scale retail CBDC but has indicated previously that it was aiming for the end of the year. The development of a digital rupee has the potential to transform India’s economy by providing greater financial inclusion to its population, which is why the RBI is taking the time to ensure that the CBDC is as robust as possible.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

May 11, 2023

Ripple Pursues International Growth Via Dubai Expansion

Ripple Pursues International Growth Via Dubai ExpansionThe Dubai Fintech Summit was held in the Venice of the Gulf earlier this week, bringing with it an announcement from Ripple outlining its plans to expand in the Middle Eastern location.Photo by Christoph Schulz on UnsplashResponding to the regulatory environmentRipple CEO Brad Garlinghouse was a keynote speaker at the Summit on Monday, and he took that opportunity to outline the company’s plans within the region. Immediately following his speech, Garlinghouse took to social media to confirm those plans. He tweeted out:“As I just shared on stage at #DubaiFintechSummit, @Ripple is expanding in Dubai. With 20% of our customers based in MENA and clear regulatory regimes being developed, it’s no surprise that Dubai is emerging as a key global financial hub for crypto innovation to thrive.”It’s no coincidence that at the very same event, Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong was present alongside the company’s executive team. Armstrong also spoke at the event and the outcome of that involvement saw Coinbase too, signaling that it sees potential in setting up a regional base in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).In Coinbase’s case, it’s understood that it is considering the Emirate of Abu Dhabi as opposed to Dubai. Nonetheless, the rationale for pursuing such a move by both leading digital assets companies is the same. Both have been outspoken about the issues they have with the regulatory situation as it exists in the United States right now, relative to digital assets.Office presenceAs an initial step in that Middle East expansion, Ripple is opening an office in Dubai. The office will be located within the Dubai International Financial Centre (DFIC). In what appears like an effort to underscore the company’s official arrival in the United Arab Emirates, Ripple is holding its seventh annual customer conference in the country’s capital later this year.This week, Garlinghouse confirmed that the company’s prolonged legal battle with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in the United States is projected to cost the company a whopping $200 million. The Biden administration is using all the major financial agencies in the US to clamp down on the sector. It’s little wonder, therefore, that companies like Ripple and Coinbase are seeking refuge overseas.That regulatory and administrative landscape in the United States relative to crypto stands in total contrast to the experience of Navin Gupta, Ripple’s Managing Director of South Asia & MENA in respect of the UAE. In an interview with CoinDesk TV Gupta said that the “UAE as a market is very attractive to us, the Middle East as a market is doing very well.”Gupta drew on his experience in working in Silicon Valley previously and recalling how back then it had three ingredients that made it function that he believes is now the case for the UAE: talent, venture capital investment and a workable regulatory approach.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Jun 09, 2023

AliExpress Partners With ‘The Moment3!’ NFT Project

AliExpress Partners With ‘The Moment3!’ NFT ProjectAliExpress, the renowned global e-commerce platform and subsidiary of China’s Alibaba Group, is making its entry into the world of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) through a newly announced partnership with The Moment3!, a Web3 project. The collaboration aims to release a collection of 5,555 NFTs later this month.Photo by Andrey Metelev on UnsplashWhat is ‘The Moment3!’?Oddly, we know very little about the project. Its Telegram channel has just been established, it doesn’t have a website, while its Discord and Twitter channels are also recently established with modest followings. Anonymity is a feature in Web3 and perhaps that’s the approach this project is taking. Whatever the background, it has to be said that there must be some talent behind the project for it to secure the backing of an entity like AliExpress by way of this partnership.This recent announcement was initially made on AliExpress’ official Twitter account but that tweet has since been removed. The project itself tweeted out news of the partnership on Thursday. The Moment3!’s mission, as stated in its Twitter bio, revolves around utilizing NFTs to immortalize special moments on the blockchain.According to the project’s Discord channel, The Moment3! aims to connect with real-world businesses and provide NFT owners with benefits and exclusive rights beyond the collectible value.NFT debutThis marks AliExpress’ initial venture into the NFT market, although its parent company, Alibaba, has previously explored the Web3 space. In September 2022, Alibaba’s luxury shopping platform, Tmall Luxury Pavilion, introduced an immersive shopping metaverse experience and introduced the Meta Pass, granting users free access to virtual experiences.Alibaba-Centric Web3 projectsThere have been several other Web3-related investments and developments related to Alibaba Group companies in recent months.Last month, Alibaba Cloud, one of the world’s largest cloud computing companies, joined forces with the Avalanche layer one blockchain project to introduce “Cloudverse,” a launchpad facilitating the creation of personalized spaces within the metaverse for businesses.In April Alibaba Cloud was the co-organizer of the Web3 Festival, an event held in Hong Kong to showcase the autonomous Chinese territory for the development of the Web3 sector. The four-day event attracted 10,000 attendees.In early May, Artifact Labs, a Hong Kong-based start-up company that specializes in metaverse and Web3 product offerings, raised $3.25 million in a funding round led by Blue Pool Capital. The investment firm is the personal investment vehicle of Alibaba founders Jack Ma and Joe Tsai.NFT warningAliExpress, owned by Alibaba Group, is a global e-commerce platform that does not cater to customers in mainland China, despite being headquartered in China. The Chinese government prohibited all cryptocurrency transactions in September 2021. NFTs remained legal although authorities recently issued a warning on their use, together with some guidelines.With its new collaboration, AliExpress is expanding its reach into the Web3 space and exploring the potential of NFTs. As the release date approaches, anticipation grows to witness the specific features and benefits offered by the 5,555 NFTs that will soon be available to the public.

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Policy & Regulation·

Sep 18, 2023

Korean Experts Advocate for Global Crypto Info Exchange to Combat Tax Evasion

Korean Experts Advocate for Global Crypto Info Exchange to Combat Tax EvasionIn a recent event held to discuss the tax regime in South Korea, law professors offered a suggestion to combat tax evasion associated with cryptocurrencies. They proposed the implementation of a global cryptocurrency information exchange system for more effective response measures.Kim Beom-jun, a professor at the University of Seoul Law School, and Kim Seok-hwan, a professor at Kangwon National University Law School, delved into this matter last Friday at the tax administration forum that took place at the Korea Federation of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (KBIZ).Photo by Karolina Grabowska on PexelsRising crypto adoptionAccording to their report, the cryptocurrency market is currently facing challenges stemming from the Terra-Luna incident and the broader economic downturn caused by rising interest rates and inflation. However, it’s worth noting that in Korea alone, there are approximately 6.27 million cryptocurrency exchange users, with a collective market capitalization of around KRW 19.4 trillion ($14.6 billion). This suggests that cryptocurrencies continue to integrate into our everyday lives.Crypto tax starting in 2025Starting in 2025, South Korea is set to impose taxes on income from cryptocurrency trading. However, before the tax is put into effect, there is a pressing need for administrative enhancements aimed at preventing tax evasion involving cryptocurrencies. These initiatives encompass the development of crypto-tracking technology and the allocation of sufficient staff and budgets to enable tax authorities to effectively address crypto-related issues.Foreign exchanges and DeFi platformsDuring the forum, experts voiced concerns about the possibility of tax evasion through the use of overseas crypto exchanges and decentralized platforms.Tax specialists pointed out that it’s difficult to expect people to fully meet their tax obligations when they’re trading on international exchanges. They also emphasized the challenges in collecting accurate tax information from crypto users who report transactions in overseas financial accounts.OECD’s initiativeIn August 2022, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) gave the greenlight to the Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF). This framework aims to standardize the reporting of tax information related to crypto-asset transactions and facilitate the automatic exchange of such information. During the forum, researchers proposed that in the future, if Korea decides to participate in the OECD’s CARF, it should not only establish a cooperative system between virtual asset service providers (VASPs) and regulatory authorities but also revisit and amend pertinent laws.Additionally, presenters at the forum underlined the necessity of obligating taxpayers to furnish essential tax information for effective virtual asset taxation. They also stressed the importance of implementing appropriate sanctions in cases where taxpayers fail to comply with these reporting requirements.Commissioner Kim Chang-ki of the National Tax Service (NTS) stated that the agency is committed to enhancing tax accountability and transparency. He added that the NTS will take strong measures against malicious tax evasion activities, especially those involving online platforms.Furthermore, Commissioner Kim mentioned that the tax agency is boosting its investigative capabilities using scientific methods to combat emerging forms of tax evasion, like those related to virtual assets. He also said the NTS is expanding its international collaboration and devising other measures.

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