Japanese Survey Finds One-Third Familiar with Web3

Tether Critics Point to Previous Chinese Securities BackingUSDT stablecoin issuer Tether (USDT) has long faced persistent scrutiny and criticism due to the lack of transparency surrounding the assets backing their digital currencies. The latest allegations come in the form of a report by Bloomberg on Friday suggesting that the world’s largest stablecoin was once backed by securities issued by Chinese companies.Photo by Manuel Joseph on PexelsNYAG releases documentsThese findings were based on documents made public by the New York Attorney General (NY AG). The documents disclosed that Tether had listed securities issued by China’s state-owned Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, and Agricultural Bank of China as part of its reserves backing the USDT stablecoin.Rumors about USDT’s exposure to Chinese securities have circulated for a number of years. In 2021, a Bloomberg research report revealed that Tether’s reserves reportedly included billions of dollars in short-term loans to China-based companies, as well as a significant loan to the collapsed crypto lender Celsius Network.However, in February 2021, Tether reached a settlement with the NY AG’s office over accusations of providing misleading information about its reserves and losses. To address these concerns, Tether handed over documents such as letters, bank accounts, reserve holdings, and wallet addresses through the law firm Steptoe.Attestation reportTether’s latest attestation report for Q1 2023, released on May 10, offered further details about its reserves. According to the report, Tether’s reserves were valued at $81.8 billion at the end of the quarter, a significant increase from the earlier period of $14.8 billion. These reserves consisted of $53 billion in US Treasuries, $1.5 billion in Bitcoin, and $5.3 billion in loans described as “over-collateralized.”The disclosure of Tether’s previous backing by Chinese securities adds another layer of complexity to the stablecoin landscape, raising questions about the risk exposure and potential impact on the stability of these digital assets. Using Chinese commercial paper to back a US dollar stablecoin is a risky endeavor.It raises the same issues as we’ve seen with the plethora of crypto lenders that went bankrupt in 2022. In those cases, they were using customer money to speculate and turn a profit. That’s fine when it works but when it goes wrong, it is customers who suffer. In its defense, Tether has stated that it only held A1 rated banking sector Chinese commercial paper in 2022 in state-owned Chinese companies like Industrial & Commercial Bank of China Ltd., China Construction Bank Corp., and Agricultural Bank of China Ltd. It reduced this exposure to zero later that year.With the cryptocurrency community and regulators seeking greater transparency and accountability, the industry is likely to face increased scrutiny and calls for enhanced regulations to ensure the integrity of stablecoin operations moving forward.As regulators continue to assess and navigate the evolving crypto market, it remains to be seen how the industry will address these concerns and establish clearer guidelines for stablecoin issuers to ensure the trust and confidence of market participants.

China’s former central bank governor has warned that speculation in stablecoins could threaten financial stability, Bloomberg reported, citing a post from the Beijing-based think tank CF40 Research. His remarks run counter to calls from some economists and industry figures for a yuan-backed stablecoin as the U.S. advances its digital-asset policy agenda. Zhou Xiaochuan, who led the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) from 2002 to 2018, delivered the comments at a closed-door meeting in mid-July. He argued that China’s payment rails—spanning third-party platforms, the central bank digital currency (CBDC), digital wallets, and clearing infrastructure—are already highly efficient, leaving little scope for stablecoins to deliver meaningful cost savings. He also rejected the premise that conventional cross-border payments come at steep costs. Zhou identified price manipulation driven by speculative trading as the chief risk to financial and asset markets, adding that current safeguards in the U.S., Hong Kong, and Singapore remain inadequate.Photo by Mitchell Luo on UnsplashOnshore controls push yuan stablecoins offshoreAny debate over a yuan-linked token must also contend with China’s currency structure. The onshore yuan (CNY) is subject to strict capital controls and limited cross-border convertibility, while the offshore yuan (CNH) trades more freely. As a result, any prospective yuan stablecoin would likely reference the CNH; pegging directly to the CNY would conflict with Beijing’s capital rules. An earlier Reuters report has indicated that Beijing is weighing whether to authorize a yuan-pegged stablecoin to promote international use of the currency. Analysts caution that such a token would almost certainly be confined to offshore markets, even if regulators proceed. U.S. sets federal guardrails for stablecoinsMeanwhile, policy moves in the U.S. are gathering pace. In July, President Donald Trump signed the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act into law, creating a federal framework for stablecoins. A White House fact sheet says the law requires issuers to maintain 100% reserves in liquid assets such as U.S. dollars or short-term Treasuries and to publish monthly disclosures on reserve composition. The administration has argued that dollar-backed stablecoins could bolster demand for Treasuries and reinforce the dollar’s reserve-currency role. Hong Kong has emerged as comparatively receptive to digital assets. The special administrative region’s Stablecoins Ordinance entered into force on Aug. 1, establishing a licensing regime to oversee Hong Kong dollar–backed stablecoins. Earlier this month, CMB International Securities, a subsidiary of China Merchants Bank, became the first Chinese bank-affiliated institution to offer trading in Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Tether (USDT). Industry voices are also pressing the case for stablecoins. At the WebX conference in Tokyo on Aug. 25, Binance co-founder Changpeng Zhao (CZ) argued that CBDCs are becoming obsolete, while stablecoins—typically backed by real assets—enable wider transactions and are gaining market traction. He said CBDCs remain rarely implemented due to limited demand and suggested China appears more open to stablecoins after years of tighter oversight, pointing to Hong Kong’s efforts to build an ecosystem. Potential PBOC stimulus may lift cryptoChina remains a consequential force in global crypto markets. A recent report suggested that potential PBOC stimulus could fuel an altcoin rally. With China accounting for 19.5% of global GDP, shifts in its monetary stance are seen as important drivers of worldwide liquidity. Following July data showing a 0.1% month-on-month decline in retail sales, a 0.4% rise in industrial production, and an uptick in unemployment to 5.2%, analysts expect measures to support growth. Any additional liquidity could flow into risk assets, including cryptocurrencies, potentially pushing digital tokens toward new highs. 

Hong Kong Crypto Licensing Yet to Result in Job SurgeWhile Hong Kong has seen a rush for crypto licenses, scrambling for licensing has not yet resulted in a corresponding surge in job opportunities, according to recruiters in the industry.Approximately 150 companies applied for a local crypto license on June 1, allowing them to operate crypto trading platforms, but recruiters have not witnessed a high demand for talent in the field. That’s according to reports received by Cointelegraph from a number of recruiters active in the crypto space in the Chinese autonomous territory.Photo by Simon Zhu on UnsplashBear market hangoverSue Wei, the Managing Director of major recruitment firm Hays, revealed that her firm has experienced a significant decrease in requests for recruiting technical talent since the recent dip in the crypto market. This decline was particularly notable when many talents were laid off en masse, which led to hesitancy among individuals to work for crypto companies due to the volatile nature of the business, heavily reliant on cryptocurrency prices.Neil Dundon, the Founder of crypto recruiter Cryptorecruit, also noted a lack of significant activity in the Hong Kong market. Despite the regulatory changes, venture activity remains low. However, Dundon expressed optimism that the market has reached its bottom and expects an upward trend to emerge soon.Olga Yung, the Managing Director of Michael Page Hong Kong, echoed the sentiment, stating that there hasn’t been a substantial increase in individuals seeking jobs in the Web3 sector, despite the government’s recent efforts to promote it. However, Yung did mention a slight increase in Web3 firms seeking legal and compliance hires in the latter half of Q2 2023.At the time of publication, 85 crypto-related jobs were being advertised on LinkedIn. Meanwhile, Hong Kong’s Cyberport, the city’s flagship technology hub, has attracted more than 150 companies operating within the Web3 space over the course of the past 12 months. Authorities in Hong Kong are also trying to entice Web3 companies based in mainland China to establish bases within Hong Kong.Increased job openings anticipatedAlthough these firms have displayed enthusiasm in entering the Hong Kong market, the recruitment needs of the crypto industry remain relatively light at present, as many Web3 companies are still in their early stages of development. However, recruiters anticipate a rise in job openings as these companies continue to grow and mature.Kevin Gibson, Founder of Proof of Search, a Web3 recruitment specialist, said that it may take six months before current crypto licensing activity in Hong Kong translates into a surge in demand for staff. Gibson maintains that specialist talent in Hong Kong is in short supply due to many such professionals having left the city in recent years.While Hong Kong has witnessed a rush for crypto licenses, the recruitment landscape in the industry has yet to experience a corresponding surge. However, recruiters remain optimistic about future job opportunities as Web3 companies progress and regulatory conditions stabilize.With Singapore-based Matrixport and international banking firm Standard Chartered both predicting a Bitcoin unit price in the region of $120,000 by the end of 2024, the market is expected to trend upward in the coming months. That could potentially lead to increased hiring activity in the crypto sector.