Korean Crypto Exchange Alliance Reveals Standardized Regulation Guidelines

Bitmain’s Latest Air-Cooled Antminer Set to Ship in Q1 2024Bitmain, the prominent Chinese Bitcoin mining equipment manufacturer, has officially unveiled its latest innovation, the Antminer T21.Photo by Traxer on UnsplashHeat toleranceThe company confirmed in an announcement made on Thursday that the state-of-the-art air-cooled Bitcoin miner will ship during the first quarter of 2024. The Antminer T21 is expected to make waves in the world of cryptocurrency mining given that it can withstand scorching temperatures of up to 45 degrees Celsius.During a facility tour, the firm tweeted out on Friday: “Although it is so hot here, ANTMINER is still running stable!”The context of the comment relates to an installation of the new miner’s predecessor at a Moonwalk Systems facility in the arid heat of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Moonwalk is utilizing water cooling to overcome the local conditions. However, it’s in environments like this one that Bitmain is likely to envisage its latest Antminer performing well.Energy efficiencyAnother standout feature of the Antminer T21 is its energy efficiency. With a stellar energy efficiency ratio of 19 joules per terahash (J/TH), it outpaces its predecessor, the Bitcoin Miner S21 Hyd, which offers an energy efficiency of 16.0 J/TH. This efficiency means miners can maximize their returns while minimizing their energy costs. Additionally, the Antminer T21 boasts an impressive processing power of 190 terahashes per second (TH/s), a crucial factor in the competitive world of Bitcoin mining.The compatibility of the Antminer T21 with the SHA256 mining algorithm, used in the proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, and Bitcoin SV (BSV), adds to its appeal.Notably, Bitmain has extended a helping hand to pre-order buyers of the Antminer T21 by offering Bitmain’s Price Protection Plan. This plan, available until November 25, aims to support miners in times of cryptocurrency market volatility. The plan shields customers from price fluctuations in Bitcoin for periods of one, three, or six months.Company difficultiesFounded in Beijing in 2013, Bitmain swiftly rose to prominence as a global leader in producing Bitcoin (BTC) mining ASICs. However, the company faced internal turmoil due to a power struggle between its co-founders, Wu Jihan and Ketuan Zhan. The situation was eventually resolved in 2021, with Jihan Wu stepping down from his roles as chairman and CEO of Bitmain and selling his ownership share to Zhan for $600 million.ASIC miner manufacturers like Bitmain have also had to grapple with the backdrop of a challenging market environment that has seen plummeting prices paid for mining equipment over the past two years.Bitmain has faced scrutiny regarding its treatment of employees. Recent reports from local sources and Bitmain employees revealed that the company issued a notification in September indicating negative operating cash flow. In response to these financial challenges, Bitmain delayed the disbursement of a portion of its employees’ September salaries, raising concerns about the financial stability of the organization. In April of this year, it emerged that the Chinese authorities had imposed a fine on the company due to tax irregularities.

Jersey-headquartered Komainu, a digital asset custodian backed by Japan’s Nomura Holdings, is in the process of acquiring Propine Holdings, a Singaporean competitor. Subject to approvalKomainu has signed an agreement in principle with Propine to acquire the company, according to a press release published on Oct. 22 by PR Newswire on behalf of the two firms. One of the key elements in completing the deal is attaining the approval of local regulator the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). This is Komainu’s first acquisition, and according to the firm’s co-CEO Paul Frost-Smith, it will be the first of several. According to Bloomberg, Frost-Smith stated in an interview that “an absolutely key factor in building” the business is obtaining access to Propine’s Capital Market Services license, which the company was awarded in Singapore. Frost-Smith described the acquisition as "setting ourselves up for the future with a licensed platform that we can grow." The company intends to further its efforts in terms of compliance by applying for a Major Payment Institution (MPI) license in Singapore. Komainu is motivated in developing in this manner as it has identified increasing demand from established institutions in Singapore for advisory services.Photo by RDNE Stock project on PexelsStrategic hubThe Komainu co-CEO said that the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region was central to Komainu’s heritage. With that, he added that Singapore is “an important strategic hub for Komainu in Asia and Propine will enhance our capabilities in meeting the significant client demand we are experiencing, including for Komainu Connect, our collateral management service, which is already extensively utilised by our investor clients in Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Australia.” Back in August, global crypto exchange platform Bitfinex signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Komainu Connect, with a view towards enhancing trading security. In July Komainu was added by crypto infrastructure firm Fireblocks to its Global Custodian Partner Program. The Japanese market has been one that Komainu has been focusing on. Frost-Smith asserted that it will serve as a major hub for the company, given that it is home to its primary backer, Nomura.  In November 2023, the company partnered with Crypto Garage, a regulated Japanese crypto-asset financial services firm. The collaboration extended Komainu’s dealings with the firm, given that it had invested in Crypto Garage’s parent company, Digital Garage, previously. At the time, the companies claimed that the partnership would allow them both to leverage their collective expertise. Komainu has also been following a regulatory-compliant path in other markets. In the UK, where it’s stationed, it received permission from the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) to operate as a crypto custodian in October 2023. In August of the same year, it was awarded an operating license by the Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority (VARA) in Dubai. Alongside Nomura, the company was also established with the backing of digital asset security firm Ledger and digital asset investment manager CoinShares. Earlier this year, Komainu was approved by Nasdaq to be a core custodian relative to its suite of crypto indices. 

KCC sets guidelines for user protection on metaverse platformsThe Korea Communications Commission (KCC) has established its latest guidelines for ensuring the protection and safety of users of metaverse platforms, dubbed the “Basic Principles for the Protection of Metaverse Users”.Photo by GuerrillaBuzz on UnsplashNavigating the metaverse landscapeAlthough metaverse platforms can create new economic and business opportunities by linking reality with the virtual realm and providing users with a realistic and immersive experience, the agency argued that various problems may arise due to the use of anonymous profiles or avatars.In response, the KCC assembled six voluntary principles for metaverse service providers to apply to their operations through discussions with a policy advisory group for metaverse ecosystem user protection. The group is composed of 29 members, including academics, legal experts and domestic and overseas companies. It has been active since last year.Fostering ethical metaverse environmentsThe principles cover topics like ensuring free yet respectful communication between users; granting users a platform for voicing their opinions on issues related to their rights and interests; and ensuring that transactions involving digital products and services are conducted on proper terms. They also urge companies to give users the right to use and manage their own data along with that of the metaverse.On a less technical level, the last principle mentions that companies should make efforts to study the long-term impact of the metaverse on users’ physical and mental health, and on society, culture, environment and economy.The agency has also proposed to draft a code of practice outlining more specific measures to protect users, such as prohibiting sexual harassment and stalking, reporting and punishing cyberbullying and transferring the right to purchase NFTs.Responsible governanceMajor metaverse platform operators like Naver, SKT and Meta, who are members of the agency, agreed to apply the guidelines and include them in their relevant terms and conditions documents and service operation regulations. The KCC stated that it plans to monitor whether or not these commitments are met.Although not mandatory, the guidelines are recommended as measures to resolve user inconvenience, enhance service reliability and provide standards for user protection. User protection includes that of children, adolescents and personal privacy.