Korean Lawmakers Complete First Rough Draft of Virtual Asset User Protection Bill

BOK Staffers Assess Crypto Market Vulnerabilities and Their ImplicationsOn Thursday, the Bank of Korea’s (BOK) staff members published an assessment of the vulnerabilities in the cryptocurrency market and their potential implications. Here is the summary of the report.Photo by D Tan on Unsplash2022 crypto winterThroughout 2022, the worldwide crypto market faced a series of adverse occurrences, such as significant drops in the prices of major crypto-assets and the collapse of prominent crypto companies. These events shed light on the vulnerabilities that had accumulated during the rapid growth of the market.The first major event occurred in May 2022 when the algorithmic stablecoin TerraUSD experienced a sharp decline, resulting in substantial losses and bankruptcies for numerous retail investors and crypto firms. This incident significantly eroded confidence in the overall crypto market. The subsequent bankruptcies of prominent crypto lender Celsius and hedge fund Three Arrows Capital (3AC) further highlighted the realization of risks commonly associated with traditional financial markets, such as multiple collateral loans and maturity and liquidity mismatches, within the crypto market.In November 2022, the well-known crypto exchange FTX filed for bankruptcy, demonstrating that the activities of a large crypto company can propagate risks through moral hazard and excessive profit-seeking behavior when it operates outside the realm of regulatory oversight.Similarities with TradFiThese negative events that unfolded in the global crypto market in 2022 share similarities with issues previously observed in financial markets, such as unsustainable business models, liquidity risk, leverage, and lack of transparency in financial conditions. These parallels suggest that if the crypto markets were subjected to comparable levels of regulation as traditional financial markets, it is plausible that the triggering of these risks could have been avoided altogether, or at the very least, the resulting damage could have been mitigated to some extent.Implications for the Korean marketAt present, it is deemed unlikely that events akin to those witnessed in overseas crypto markets will transpire in the Korean market. The Korean crypto-asset market has primarily evolved through exchanges, with limited influence from other enterprises such as crypto issuers and decentralized lending platforms. In addition, Korean crypto exchanges are subject to regulation under the Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information. This mandates the separation of customer deposits from exchange assets and the strict management of custodial crypto-assets through secure wallets. Additionally, Korean exchanges are prohibited from listing their own tokens on their platforms.However, there remains a dearth of information regarding the business structures of crypto companies that offer services similar to those in the traditional financial industry. This lack of information poses challenges in accurately assessing risk and providing adequate investor protection. Meanwhile, there is a potential for a deeper integration between the crypto market and users’ daily lives, particularly through major technology companies, gaming companies, and security tokens.SuggestionsIt is vital to ensure that crypto-assets are regulated based on the principle of “same activity, same risk, same regulation” through the ongoing development of crypto-asset-related legislation. The Financial Stability Board, an international body monitoring the global financial system, explained this principle in a 2022 paper: “Where crypto-assets and intermediaries perform an equivalent economic function to one performed by instruments and intermediaries of the traditional financial sector, they should be subject to equivalent regulation.”Additionally, it is necessary to stay aligned with major countries in terms of the speed and comprehensiveness of regulatory measures to prevent regulatory discrepancies across borders due to the global nature of crypto risks.Enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of regulation requires the establishment and maintenance of a close cooperation system between authorities. This collaborative effort should encompass various aspects, including monitoring, information gathering, and supervision of the crypto-asset market. Notably, the widespread adoption of stablecoins can affect the stability of the overall financial system, including monetary systems and payment and settlement systems. Hence, it is necessary to strengthen the involvement of central banks in the monitoring and supervision framework for crypto-assets, including stablecoins, as demonstrated by legislative approaches adopted by major economies like the EU. Furthermore, imposing disclosure requirements, external audits, and documentation submission obligations on crypto-asset operators is advisable.

Mt. Gox Extends Repayment Deadline to 2024In a development that has captured the attention of the cryptocurrency community, failed Japanese crypto exchange Mt. Gox has officially announced a one-year extension of its repayment deadline.The decision, authorized by the Tokyo District Court, represents a one-year delay from the previously stipulated date of October 31, 2023.Photo by Andre Benz on UnsplashInfamous collapseAt its height, Mt. Gox was the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, facilitating over 70% of all cryptocurrency trades. However, its fall from grace began in 2014 when it fell victim to a colossal hack, resulting in the loss of 850,000 Bitcoins. The collapse left approximately 24,000 creditors in its wake, each of them agonizing over a multi-year period for the return of their digital assets.In a letter dated September 21, Rehabilitation Trustee Nobuaki Kobayashi announced the extension of the repayment deadline. This extension applies to the base repayment, early lump-sum repayment, and intermediate repayment, all of which have been rescheduled to October 31, 2024.The rationale behind this delay is twofold. Firstly, to provide creditors with additional time to furnish essential information required for the repayment process. Secondly, it will allow the trustee to coordinate with associated banks, fund transfer service providers, and cryptocurrency exchanges to facilitate the repayments.Potential payout for diligent creditorsA glimmer of hope exists for creditors who have diligently provided the necessary information. Repayments may commence sequentially as early as the close of this year. That said, it should be noted that the specific timing of repayments for each creditor remains uncertain.Kobayashi emphasized that the schedule is subject to change depending on circumstances, and further adjustments are possible. The Mt. Gox Debtor has encouraged creditors who have as yet not provided required information to facilitate payments to do so.Naturally enough, long suffering creditors are frustrated by this latest update. Taking to X (formerly Twitter), one user named “Mt.Gox’ed” wrote: “People will not get their Mt.Gox money back.” . . . “I’ve been tweeting for a long time that infinite delays are coming.”The move evoked a similar response from distressed debt specialist Thomas Braziel, who wrote: “Another delay from the MtGox trustee’s office — COME ON!”Mt. Gox’s journey towards rehabilitation has been arduous and protracted since its declaration of insolvency in 2014. Legal battles, extensive delays, and the need for meticulous coordination have all contributed to this postponement. Nonetheless, creditors are holding onto the hope that, with this extension, the path to recovering their lost assets will become smoother.Crypto market impactThis latest news has drawn considerable attention within the broader crypto sector as it may have implications for the market as a whole. The repayment delay holds the potential to impact Bitcoin prices, given the sheer volume of tokens that will be released when repayments begin. The Mt. Gox estate holds 142,000 BTC, 143,000 BCH, and 69 billion JPY.As per UBS analysts, while this influx of funds could influence the market, it is unlikely to destabilize Bitcoin. Notably, the recovery of approximately 20% of the stolen tokens after the hack reflects a positive step in the ongoing rehabilitation process.

Singapore-based payments provider Alchemy Pay has secured $10 million in investment from market maker DWF Labs at a valuation of $400 million, as the company looks to expand its business in South Korea.©Pexels/Ivan Samkov Korean expansionTaking to Twitter, Alchemy Pay stated that it “will continue to enhance [its] global market presence by bringing forward [its] payment solutions and services to the Korean market, providing an easy onboard from fiat to cryptocurrencies for more Korean companies.” It’s understood that the high level of acceptance of digital assets in Korea is attractive to Alchemy as something it can capitalize on.Alchemy’s Ecosystem Lead, Robert McCracken, stated in a Medium blog article that while this investment was pursued relative to a specific and strategic decision to enter the Korean market, the company is otherwise well funded. DWF funding spreeDWF Labs’ investment of $10 million in Alchemy Pay marks its eighth investment or funding round of at least $10 million into Web3 and crypto projects in the past six weeks, with a combined total of $165 million.According to DWF’s managing partner Andrei Grachev, the current bearish market is an opportune time to enter the investment space. Grachev stated to CoinDesk that the company has accumulated enough profits to invest in projects at present.With offices in Singapore, Switzerland, Hong Kong, the United Arab Emirates, South Korea and the British Virgin Islands (BVI), DWF Labs fits the role of a global multi-stage Web3 investment firm. It collaborates and partners with portfolio companies with regard to activities such as market making, token listing and Over The Counter (OTC) trading solutions. $ACH boostAlchemy Pay’s native token, $ACH, has a market capitalization of around $188 million. Buoyed by today’s announcement, the token was trading at $0.03885 at the time of publication. That’s a surge in value in dollar terms of around 16%, although it’s still quite a ways off its all time high of $0.18468, achieved on August 6, 2021, at the height of the last crypto bull run.In a press release published on Monday, Alchemy Pay described itself as “a payment gateway that seamlessly connects crypto and global fiat currencies for businesses, developers, and users.”Founded in 2018, the company has previously collaborated with Visa, Mastercard, Google Pay, and Apple Pay for this purpose. Cryptocurrency and derivatives exchange OKX recently integrated Alchemy Pay into its platform, in order to simplify the process of purchasing cryptocurrency using local currencies for its customers. NFT CheckoutApart from its payment services, Alchemy Pay has also launched its innovative NFT Checkout service. The service allows customers to purchase NFTs using fiat payment options, making it as easy as any other standard online payment method. This function enables users to acquire NFTs with their local domestic currencies, providing a seamless purchasing experience.The platform offers over 300 local alternative payment channels, enabling it to extend its reach beyond traditional credit cards into local mobile wallet options. The footprint of the business now extends across Northern and Latin America, Europe and Southeast Asia.