Nomura survey indicates shift towards crypto investment in Japan

Japanese Survey Finds One-Third Familiar with Web3bitbank, a Japanese cryptocurrency exchange, has released the findings of a survey conducted between June 2 and 8, targeting 547 Internet users to explore their awareness and understanding of Web3. Approximately one-third of the participants reported being familiar with the term Web3.Photo by Bastian Riccardi on UnsplashLevels of knowledgeThe remaining portion of the survey pertained to individuals acquainted with the term. Within this group, 21.6% claimed to possess adequate knowledge of Web3, while 47.9% possessed a general understanding.Familiar conceptsWhen asked about the word “Web3,” 42.1% associated it with the concept of the “metaverse,” followed by cryptocurrency (26.8%) and non-fungible tokens (26.8%). The concepts of decentralized finance (DeFi) and decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) were less familiar, with 15.3% and 12.6% of respondents selecting them, respectively.Web3 experienceConcerning initial steps for utilizing Web3 services, 23.7% identified creating an account at a cryptocurrency exchange as the first requirement, while 21.6% believed purchasing a non-fungible token (NFT) was necessary. Additionally, 28.4% stated they had invested in cryptocurrencies. The most popular Web3 service after cryptocurrencies was the metaverse, favored by 27.4% of respondents. Roughly 30% of participants hoped that the Japanese government’s Web3 initiatives include support for startups, followed by expectations of crypto tax revisions (27.3%) and blockchain and metaverse development (25.8%).Notably, among those possessing sufficient or general knowledge of Web3, over 80% expressed positive sentiments towards the Japanese government’s Web3 initiatives.

Korea’s Virtual Asset User Protection Act to Take Effect in July Next YearThe Virtual Asset User Protection Bill was passed during the South Korean National Assembly’s plenary session last Friday, according to a report by news agency Newsis. The legislation aims to safeguard customer assets, establish regulations against unfair trading practices, and enforce penalties. The act is scheduled to take effect one year after its passage.Photo by KS KYUNG on UnsplashDefinition of virtual assetsUnder the act, a virtual asset is defined as a digital representation of economic value that can be digitally traded or transferred. It’s important to note that central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are not considered virtual assets. Virtual assets with characteristics of securities will initially fall under the jurisdiction of the Capital Market Act.Roles of Korea’s central bankThe act grants the Bank of Korea (BOK) the authority to request data and information from virtual asset service providers (VASPs). This provision is deemed necessary for the Korean central bank to formulate monetary and financial policies, despite virtual assets not being equivalent to traditional currencies.Responsibilities of VASPsMoreover, VASPs are obligated to segregate users’ virtual assets from their own holdings. VASPs are also required to reserve the same type and quantity of virtual assets entrusted by users and maintain a certain proportion of these assets in a cold wallet, which is an offline storage solution.Unfair trading practices will be regulated in a similar manner as outlined in the Capital Market Act. The act specifically prohibits the use of undisclosed information, price manipulation, fraudulent transactions, and trading of self-issued virtual assets. VASPs are barred from suspending deposits and withdrawals without legitimate reasons. They are also mandated to monitor suspicious transactions and take appropriate measures to safeguard users. Any suspected unfair trading practices must be promptly reported to financial authorities. Violators of these rules may face criminal penalties, liability for damages, and potential class action lawsuits.Powers of financial authoritiesThe act also clarifies the powers of financial authorities in supervising, inspecting, and taking action against virtual asset operators. Unfair trade practices can result in imprisonment for more than one year (up to 10 years for violations related to self-issued virtual assets) or fines ranging from three to five times the illicit gains. Assets acquired through unfair trade practices will be confiscated, or an equivalent value will be charged if confiscation is not feasible.Impact on crypto investigationsThe absence of legislation directly addressing unfair trading practices in the virtual asset market has posed challenges for prosecutors. They had to rely on existing statutes related to fraud, the capital market, and financial investments. Once the new act takes effect, prosecutors will no longer need to determine whether a virtual asset qualifies as a security or not.Regarding this development, a prosecutor told local legal news outlet Law Times that the implementation of the new act will escalate prosecutorial investigations into cryptocurrency incidents.Meanwhile, the individuals behind the crash of Terraform Labs’ stablecoin TerraUSD and its sister coin Luna will not be subject to this act due to the legal principle of nulla poena sine lege, which prevents the retrospective enforcement of criminal laws. Do Kwon, co-founder of Terraform Labs, was recently sentenced to four months in prison by a Montenegrin court for passport forgery after being arrested in March. The other co-founder, Daniel Shin, has been indicted by prosecutors in Korea.

Singapore’s MAS gears up for live CBDC pilotThe Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) has unveiled plans to initiate a live central bank digital currency (CBDC) pilot for wholesale interbank settlement in 2024.Photo by Sergio Sala on UnsplashMoving beyond simulationThis pilot will move beyond simulation, involving the actual utilization of a live wholesale CBDC for settling payments between commercial banks. Furthermore, MAS indicated that upcoming pilots may extend to leveraging wholesale CBDCs for the settlement of cross-border securities trade.MAS Managing Director Ravi Menon expressed the significance of this move, stating:“The ‘live’ issuance of central bank digital money for use as a common settlement asset in payments is a significant milestone in MAS’ digital money journey that began in 2016. The issuance of wholesale CBDC reinforces the role that central bank money plays in facilitating safe and efficient payments.”Orchid BlueprintThis announcement is a key component of the Orchid Blueprint, a comprehensive plan detailing the infrastructure essential for facilitating the pilot and future developments. In addition to the wholesale CBDC initiative, the Orchid Blueprint outlines the expansion of trials to encompass tokenized bank liabilities and regulated stablecoins, solidifying Singapore’s commitment to fostering innovation in the digital finance space.As part of the Orchid Blueprint, MAS is set to create a settlement ledger to record digital money transfers. This ledger will incorporate features like programmability and atomic settlement of digital tokens. To enhance user experience, a “Name Service” for customer-friendly wallet addresses and name identifiers is on the agenda. Additionally, a tokenization bridge will be developed to connect existing account-based settlement systems with ledgers compatible with tokenized forms of digital money.Purpose-bound moneyThe Orchid Blueprint introduces a “programmability protocol” based on the concept of “purpose-bound money” (PBM). PBM, a concept considered by the MAS in a whitepaper that it published earlier this year, allows for the specification of certain conditions for the use of digital money, enabling automation of transactions and predefined conditions for settlement. This innovative approach empowers centralized planners to define the conditions for usage, bringing a new level of flexibility to the digital financial landscape.This development aligns with the broader trend of increasing institutional interest in digital currencies and blockchain technology. The move towards live CBDC pilots, tokenization and stablecoins underscores Singapore’s commitment to staying at the forefront of financial innovation. As the Orchid Blueprint unfolds, it sets the stage for a dynamic and technologically advanced financial ecosystem, reinforcing Singapore’s position as a leader in the global digital finance arena.In a related move within the region, crypto firm Paxos recently announced plans to launch a new USD-backed stablecoin in Singapore, receiving in-principle approval from MAS to issue the stablecoin. Meanwhile, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva outlined in a keynote speech at the Singapore FinTech Festival earlier this week that CBDCs not only could replace cash but also improve financial inclusion.These concurrent developments indicate the growing convergence of traditional financial systems with the expanding digital currency landscape.