Singapore’s MAS gears up for live CBDC pilot

RBI Official Encourages Indian Banks to Adopt BlockchainIn a recent conference organized by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Deputy Governor Mahesh Kumar Jain highlighted the importance of adopting innovative technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain to ensure sustainable growth and stability in the country’s banking sector.Speaking at the RBI-hosted event for directors of Indian banks last week, Jain emphasized the need for effective corporate governance, governance structure, and risk management strategies to tackle future challenges arising from technological disruptions, evolving customer expectations, and cybersecurity threats.Photo by rupixen.com on UnsplashLeveraging AI and blockchainThe recommendation to leverage AI and blockchain technologies aligns with India’s digital transformation goals and the desire to enhance customer experiences while investing in cybersecurity measures. Jain advised Indian banks to prepare for the future by focusing on digital transformation, exploring innovative technologies like AI and blockchain, and seeking collaborative opportunities with other industry players. He also emphasized the importance of upskilling the workforce to meet the demands of the digital era.Inconsistent approachThis proposal comes at a time when the Indian government’s stance on cryptocurrencies remains ambiguous. While India has been exploring the introduction of a central bank digital currency (CBDC), the Cryptocurrency and Regulation of Official Digital Currency Bill, 2021, which aimed to establish regulations for digital currencies, has not been legislated.According to the RBI’s annual report, which was published on Tuesday, the central bank is progressing with its retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) pilot program, with plans to expand the number of banks involved, the use cases, and the number of locations. It had expanded the scope of the project to involve one million citizens, but it’s looking to broaden that user base also. In contrast, the country’s approach to decentralized cryptocurrency has been contradictory, sometimes banning it and at other times, allowing it.It is noteworthy that India’s neighbor, Pakistan, has also recently announced plans to train one million IT graduates in AI by 2027, with potential applications in weather prediction, agriculture supply chain optimization, and health services transformation.The RBI’s recommendation to adopt AI and blockchain technologies reflects the growing recognition of their potential benefits for the banking sector.Embracing tech innovation in bankingBy embracing these technologies, Indian banks can enhance efficiency, automate processes, and strengthen security measures. The adoption of AI and blockchain has the potential to transform various aspects of banking, including risk management, fraud detection, customer service, and transaction processing.While India continues to navigate the regulatory landscape surrounding cryptocurrencies, the central bank’s focus on AI and blockchain signals its commitment to embracing technological advancements and preparing the banking sector for the future. As India’s financial ecosystem evolves, the adoption of these technologies can empower banks to offer innovative services, streamline operations, and provide secure and efficient financial solutions to customers.The RBI’s emphasis on digital transformation, AI, and blockchain paves the way for Indian banks to explore new avenues for growth and resilience. As the country progresses on its digital journey, the adoption of emerging technologies will play a pivotal role in shaping the future of the banking sector and contributing to India’s overall economic development.

Korean Crypto Market’s Healthy Growth Requires Corporate ParticipationA healthy growth of the South Korean virtual asset industry needs the private sector’s investment in cryptocurrencies, a legal scholar argued at a recent international academic conference titled “Digital Financial Transition and International Trends in Commercial Law.”That’s according to a report by local news outlet Edaily. Namgung Ju-hyun, an assistant professor of commercial law at Sungkyunkwan University Law School, attended the two-day event hosted over the last weekend by the Korea Commercial Law Association to point out that the current restrictions on corporate investments in cryptocurrencies have not only increased speculation within the domestic market but have also hampered Korean companies’ endeavors in pursuing blockchain-powered projects.Banks and companiesProfessor Namgung addressed the current situation where Korean commercial banks are withholding real-name bank accounts from firms without specific legal grounds. This practice became common after the Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information was revised in March 2021. This Act requires virtual asset service providers (VASPs) to adhere to anti-money laundering (AML) regulations; therefore, firms wishing to trade cryptocurrencies with the South Korean currency must have real-name accounts with domestic banks. While the Act doesn’t explicitly restrict issuing such accounts to corporations, banks have shown reluctance to do so.However, in countries like the United States, cryptocurrency trading in the corporate world is thriving. For instance, institutional investors at Coinbase, America’s largest crypto exchange, accounted for over 85% of the total trading volume in the first quarter, a rise from 76% during the same period last year.Photo by JESHOOTS.COM on UnsplashMinor altcoins’ strong presenceProfessor Namgung identified the prevalence of retail investors and their speculative behaviors as the primary issue plaguing the Korean crypto market. A case in point is a relatively large proportion of trades in minor altcoins. As per a report by the Korean Financial Services Commission (FSC), the combined market cap of BTC and ETH accounted for only 33% in the domestic market, a contrast to their 58.2% share in the global market. Namgung underscored that the high trade volumes of volatile crypto assets contribute to the Kimchi premium, a phenomenon where crypto prices in Korea are higher than those in other countries.Namgung also mentioned that Korean companies like Hyundai Motor, Lotte Homeshopping, and Shinsegae, despite promoting projects based on non-fungible tokens (NFTs), face difficulties due to their inability to convert cryptocurrencies to cash on domestic crypto exchanges. In comparison, global companies like Nike are successfully leveraging NFTs for their projects and exploring new business opportunities.Role of financial authoritiesProfessor Namgung urged Korean financial authorities to devise guidelines that encourage corporate participation in the crypto market, eliminating uncertainties. As a step towards risk management, he recommended considering publicly traded companies or established firms of a certain size as initial participants in the crypto market.Input from international scholarsPrior to Professor Namgung’s talk, the international academic conference also featured presentations from foreign scholars, namely Mirella Pellegrini, a professor at LUISS University of Rome; Marco Bodellini, an associate lecturer in banking and financial law at Queen Mary University of London; and Albert H. Choi, a professor of law at the University of Michigan Law School.Professor Pellegrini discussed personalized financial products and investor protection in the digital market from the perspective of the European Union. Dr. Bodellini provided insights into central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) from a policy perspective, while Professor Choi focused on digital transformation and retail shareholder engagement.

Korean Prosecutors Say Do Kwon and His Colleagues Knew Terra Was Unviable from the BeginningKorean prosecutors claimed that Terraform Labs founder Do Kwon and the key members behind the Terra-LUNA crash were aware of the project’s unviability from the beginning, according to a file issued by the Seoul Southern District Court.©Terraform LabsTerraform Labs founders misleading Korean investorsTerraform Labs founders Do Kwon and Daniel Shin attracted 280,000 investors in Korea alone, claiming that the Terra stablecoin is a means of transaction, even though the company leaders had been notified by the financial authority that Terra-accepting businesses were impermissible. It is reported that during a search and seizure of the company, Korean prosecutors collected evidence that its employees shared such knowledge on their internal messaging system.Terra’s cross trading on crypto exchangesKnowing their cryptocurrency’s unviability, Terra executives registered its sister token LUNA for listing on major Korean crypto exchanges in May 2019. According to the Korean prosecution, they used a bot to create a trade volume of more than 800 million won in three domestic crypto exchanges by cross trading between 2019 and early last year.Cross trading is illegal in the stock market, as it is considered as an act of price manipulation, but LUNA was traded in crypto exchanges and it hasn’t been determined whether their token is a security or not. Under current Korean law, the court has to accept it as a security to punish those behind the Terra collapse.Shin’s denial of allegationsMeanwhile, Daniel Shin denied the prosecution’s allegations and argued that they had never received such a notice from the financial regulator.