Hong Kong regulators consider opening up crypto ETFs to retail

Bitmain Pays Employees Following Salary SuspensionBitmain, the Beijing-based Bitcoin mining equipment manufacturer, has somewhat resolved its cash flow issues, having recently suspended employee salaries in response to ongoing financial struggles and sluggish progress in its mining operations.Photo by Thought Catalog on UnsplashCash flow challengesNews of the payment issue emerged via employee reports online on Monday. The suspension encompassed both performance-based and basic wages, affecting all Bitmain personnel. The dire situation has marked a critical juncture for the ASIC manufacturer, which once held a commanding 70% share of the global Bitcoin mining machine market.Chinese crypto reporter Colin Wu had also outlined the firm’s difficulties on social media. In a subsequent post on X (formerly Twitter), Wu stated:”On the afternoon of October 7, Bitmain has repaid September wages, and stated that it only did not pay the performance salary of some people. It has also been repaid, and the basic salary has been released normally on September 30.”More recent reports by local news media in China indicated that the firm has proceeded to pay part of its staff salaries.Internal conflictsBitmain’s financial woes are not new. The company has been plagued by internal conflicts between its co-founders, Wu Jihan and Zhan Ketuan, resulting in a debilitating power struggle that severely eroded its market dominance. Earlier efforts to restore financial stability included a restructuring of employee compensation in the first quarter of this year. Under this reform, the original fixed salary was divided into a basic salary and a performance-based component linked to rank.Regrettably, these measures have proven insufficient to reverse Bitmain’s fortunes. In a company announcement issued in September 2023, Bitmain acknowledged that its operating cash flow had plunged into negative territory, and the performance of its mining machines fell short of expectations.Consequently, the company suspended employee salaries, with the prospect of resuming payments contingent upon developments after the October 7 holiday.It emerged in April that the firm had been fined for tax code violations in China.Core Scientific dealIn August, Bitmain explored the possibility of acquiring an equity stake in Core Scientific, a prominent North American crypto-mining company, as part of Core Scientific’s bankruptcy restructuring plan. This proposed agreement, pending final documentation and court approval, entails Bitmain acquiring 27,000 S19j XP Bitcoin miners from Core Scientific.The Core Scientific deal represents a potential lifeline for Bitmain. Nevertheless, the suspension of employee salaries underscores the prevailing uncertainty surrounding the company’s future. Whether the completion of the Core Scientific transaction will usher in the much-needed financial turnaround for Bitmain remains uncertain as the company grapples with its ongoing financial challenges.Bitmain’s decision to suspend employee pay highlights the gravity of the situation and the urgency of finding a sustainable solution to its financial woes. The outcome of the Core Scientific deal could determine Bitmain’s fate as it strives to regain its once-dominant position and secure its financial stability. In the meantime, the firm continues to develop the latest generation of Bitcoin mining equipment.

Chinese authorities are gearing up for a significant amendment to the country's anti-money laundering (AML) regulations, with a specific emphasis on cryptocurrency-related transactions. Growing concerns about cryptoThe move, reported by Chinese business and financial news media outlet Jiemian on Wednesday, comes in response to growing concerns among policymakers in China about the need for heightened scrutiny within the burgeoning crypto industry. This marks the first substantial update to China's AML rules since their introduction in 2007. In 2021, China took a decisive step by imposing a comprehensive ban on cryptocurrency use, which included prohibiting offshore exchanges from offering services and putting a stop to all forms of mining. However, despite these restrictions, mainland users have managed to find avenues to access the crypto market. The upcoming amendment to AML regulations aims to introduce more stringent guidelines to address and mitigate these activities effectively. Prime Minister Li Qiang chaired an executive meeting of the State Council on Jan. 22 to deliberate on the revised AML law. The initial draft of the AML regulations was proposed in 2021. The revised version is set to become law by 2025 after being included in the legislative agenda of the State Council for 2023.Photo by Max van den Oetelaar on UnsplashDigital assets not clearly definedUrgency was stressed in addressing cryptocurrency money laundering at the legal level, as the current laws lack a clear definition of digital assets. Although the revised draft includes measures to prevent digital asset money laundering, concerns were raised about the absence of operational guidance on subsequent actions such as asset seizure, freezing, deduction and confiscation in money laundering cases involving digital assets. Experts noted that there is room for improvement in combating digital asset-related money laundering. China's existing AML law is designed not only to deter money laundering but also to protect fiscal order and combat related crimes. As a country with a deep understanding of money laundering and terrorist financing risks, China is not included in the Financial Action Task Force's (FATF) list of AML-deficient countries. However, a 2019 FATF report suggested that China should focus more on addressing the laundering of crime proceeds and expand its resources for national risk assessment. Circumventing the banDespite the formal ban on cryptocurrency circulation and mining by Chinese authorities, there are still avenues for Chinese nationals to access the digital asset ecosystem. BitMEX founder Arthur Hayes recently indicated that wealthy Chinese individuals have access to banking in Hong Kong, serving as the gateway for mainland China to global capital markets, including the cryptocurrency markets. While many crypto miners left the jurisdiction following the ban in 2021, Chinese companies account for a significant proportion of mining equipment manufacturing. Major exchanges like Binance and OKX have Chinese roots, underscoring the nation's influence in the global crypto landscape. Before the cryptocurrency trading ban in China, trading volumes on yuan-denominated crypto exchanges surpassed those of dollar pairs. As China prepares to fortify its AML regulations, the crypto industry awaits further clarity on how these changes will shape the landscape and influence the conduct of cryptocurrency-related activities within the country.  

Coinbase Effects International Expansion By Extending Singapore OfferingIn further proof of Coinbase’s recently-adopted strategy of focusing on global expansion, the company has just extended the range of its product offering to Singaporean customers.Photo by Meriç Dağlı on UnsplashNo Fees on USDCThe move was announced by way of a blog post published to the company’s website on Tuesday. The expansion entails the introduction of fee-less purchases of the USDC stablecoin for users who buy it with the Singaporean dollar (SGD). Furthermore, it is enabling Singaporean customers to earn rewards on the USDC that they hold on the platform. USDC trading pairs are being added that will allow users to trade USDC directly with over two hundred digital assets.Taking staking overseasAdditionally, Coinbase Global is rolling out staking to the Singaporean market. Users will be empowered with the ability to stake the following digital assets: ETH, SOL, ADA, ATOM, and XTZ.It’s interesting that Coinbase feels enabled in rolling out a digital asset staking service in this overseas market. In March of this year, the company received a Wells Notice — a formal notice informing the recipient that there are firm plans to bring enforcement actions against it — from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in the United States. The notice was sent in relation to digital assets covered under Coinbase’s staking product offering, Coinbase Earn.In highlighting the issue, the company bemoaned the fact that the SEC had gone down the route of issuing a Wells Notice without it expressing a single specific concern about any specific digital asset offered by the platform in advance of taking the action.Global strategyCoinbase Founder and CEO Brian Armstrong has been outspoken in criticizing the regulatory approach to crypto in the United States. He expressed that at the time of having received the Wells Notice earlier this year, and again last week, when he and key Coinbase executives visited Abu Dhabi and Dubai in the United Arab Emirates.On the day of SEC Chair Gary Gensler’s appearance before the House Financial Services Committee on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C. a few weeks ago, Armstrong signaled that unless there was a more accommodating regulatory approach taken to crypto in the US, Coinbase would increasingly be looking to expand operations overseas.A short time later, it emerged that the company had obtained a license to trade in Bermuda. At last week’s Dubai Fintech Summit, Armstrong applauded the regulatory approach taken by the UAE and indicated that the company is interested in opening a base in Abu Dhabi.Positive survey resultsAgainst this background, it’s not surprising to hear that Coinbase has expanded its service offering in Singapore, another aspiring global hub for crypto business. As part of reviewing and updating its business offering in the city state, Coinbase carried out a survey of prospective customers in Singapore. It found that 25% of Singaporeans consider crypto as the future of finance, on a par with findings in the US, and higher than the 17% reported in the UK.Among its other findings, security concerns and price volatility of digital assets are still a barrier to entry for many. Of those who are already crypto-native, they tend to trade higher trade amounts, and with greater frequency, if from higher income backgrounds.