Top

Terraform Labs Co-Founder Daniel Shin Denies Wrongdoing in LUNA Collapse

Policy & Regulation·October 31, 2023, 3:33 AM

Shin Hyun-seong, popularly known as Daniel Shin, has refuted accusations against him related to the $40 billion collapse of the stablecoin TerraUSD and its companion token, LUNA, according to a report by local news outlet Newspim. He presented this defense during his initial trial at the Seoul Southern District Court on October 30 (local time).

Shin co-founded Terraform Labs, the company responsible for issuing TerraUSD and LUNA. His co-founder, Do Kwon, is currently serving a four-month prison sentence in Montenegro for passport forgery.

Photo by Tingey Injury Law Firm on Unsplash

 

Prosecution’s allegations

Korean prosecutors allege that since 2018, Shin and his colleagues have concealed the fabricated nature of the “Terra project.” By manipulating trades and releasing misleading information, they purportedly misled investors into thinking the project was successful. It’s believed they sold off their tokens before the LUNA crash in May 2022, earning KRW 462.9 billion ($343.3 million) from these activities. They are suspected of personally taking KRW 376.9 billion from this amount.

Prosecutors are focusing on Shin as the potential orchestrator of the LUNA crash. They speculate he began selling LUNA tokens around when Terraform Labs launched the Anchor Protocol in March 2021. This DeFi protocol increased the popularity and value of LUNA tokens. Before the crash, Shin is alleged to have gained at least KRW 154.1 billion.

 

Defense argument

However, Shin’s legal team countered by asserting that Shin had cut ties with Kwon in 2020. They argued the decline of TerraUSD and LUNA was due to Kwon’s mishandling of the Anchor Protocol and an external attack, neither associated with Shin. Regarding the exploit, Terraform Labs has pursued legal action in the United States Southern District of Florida, claiming that American market maker Citadel Securities played a part in undermining TerraUSD in May 2022.

Defending Shin, his lawyers emphasized that at the inception of the Terra project, there were no legal guidelines specifically for cryptocurrency transactions. Additionally, unlike Do Kwon who kept fleeing abroad, Shin willingly came back to Korea and has been cooperating with the investigation. They also noted he received only 32% of the 70 million LUNA tokens initially promised. Regarding classification, they stated LUNA isn’t legally recognized as a security.

Shin’s lawyers further argued the prosecution hasn’t clearly identified victims or adequately outlined the components of fraud in this case. They said the prosecution’s case hinges on viewing LUNA as a security. However, Shin’s legal representatives maintained that under the Korean Capital Markets Act, LUNA isn’t a security, making its trades non-fraudulent.

To counter a US court ruling the prosecution presented — that a token is a security — Shin’s defense highlighted that the verdict is from a lower court and remains contested. Earlier, prosecutors had cited a ruling from the United States Southern District Court of New York, which classified the XRP tokens sold to institutional investors as securities.

More to Read
View All
Web3 & Enterprise·

Feb 20, 2024

LINE NEXT enters into a strategic partnership with ReadON

LINE NEXT Inc, a U.S.-based Web3 subsidiary of messaging app giant Line Corporation, has made a strategic partnership with ReadON, a global Web3 content provider running a “Read to Earn (R2E)” app called “ReadON DAO.” The service helps users develop routine reading habits by providing tokens as rewards. Photo by GuerrillaBuzz on UnsplashThis partnership will enable LINE NEXT to feature various digital products on its “DOSI,” a global digital commerce platform where users can freely create and trade digital items including NFTs.  In cooperation with ReadON in the marketing and business sectors, LINE NEXT plans to offer a number of innovative products to over one million users of ReadOn.  Various digital collaborative merchandise On Feb. 21, the two companies are scheduled to roll out digital collaborative merchandise inspired by “Catto,” the brand character of ReadOn, with a plan to introduce DOSI x ReadON pass tickets that benefit users of both platforms. Limited edition items offering exclusive perks and tokens that can be used on ReadOn will also soon be available for purchase. ReadOn’s previous digital items have proven to be popular: items introduced in January were sold out within just 10 seconds after they were released, with other items also selling out within 30 minutes over four consecutive days. LINE NEXT is committed to collaborating with ReadON to launch more services that can reach a broader audience. Initiative to make Web3 more accessible to the publicIn a related development, LINE NEXT launched the official web and mobile versions of DOSI in January. Under the initiative to make Web3 more accessible to the public, LINE NEXT strives to expand the range of products available on DOSI.                                                                         

news
Policy & Regulation·

Oct 06, 2025

Shanghai launches international digital yuan hub to boost global use

China has inaugurated a new center in Shanghai dedicated to the international operation of its central bank digital currency (CBDC), the e-CNY, the People's Bank of China (PBOC) recently announced. The hub also launched three specialized platforms for cross-border digital payments, blockchain services, and digital assets, according to state-run Xinhua News Agency. The initiative is a key part of China's strategy to promote the digital yuan's adoption beyond its domestic borders. This effort aligns with a broader trend among BRICS nations, which have increased their use of the Chinese yuan for trade settlements. A Crypto Briefing report indicates that yuan-denominated payments accounted for roughly 24% of the bloc's trade transactions in early 2025.Photo by Edward He on UnsplashDifference between digital yuan and stablecoinsThe e-CNY, which functions without needing a bank account, is designed for daily uses like retail shopping, salary distribution, and transportation fares. While it cannot be converted into foreign currencies, its cross-border capabilities are being explored through the mBridge project, a multinational effort coordinated by the Bank for International Settlements. In contrast to the state-controlled e-CNY, privately issued stablecoins, blockchain-based tokens pegged to fiat currencies like the U.S. dollar, are also gaining traction. These digital assets, backed by reserves such as U.S. Treasury bills, are widely used for faster and cheaper cross-border payments and remittances. Hong Kong established a clear regulatory framework for stablecoins on Aug. 1, setting high standards for potential issuers. However, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) has stated that it does not expect to grant the first licenses until early next year. Yuan stablecoin in KazakhstanRecently, the HKMA had to clarify the status of stablecoin issuance in the region. According to the South China Morning Post, the monetary authority issued a statement refuting social media reports that the first offshore yuan-pegged stablecoin had been launched in Hong Kong. The company involved, AnchorX, later clarified on X that its yuan-pegged digital asset, AxCNH, was launched in Kazakhstan under a license from the Astana Financial Services Authority (AFSA). Despite its launch outside of Hong Kong, the AxCNH stablecoin is seen by some as part of Beijing's broader ambitions. Yang Guang, the CTO of Conflux, which provides technical expertise to AnchorX, told Reuters that the Sept. 17 launch represents an effort to leverage blockchain technology for international trade. Yang suggested that Beijing would likely support such initiatives if they facilitate commerce, noting that offshore yuan stablecoins could be issued without direct sign-off from China's central bank. Market analysts view China’s latest initiatives as part of a broader, multi-pronged strategy. Augustine Fan, head of insights at digital asset platform SignalPlus, described the stablecoin project as “another venue or trial to push the use of the offshore yuan,” adding that it also reflects the government’s cautiously positive stance toward blockchain technology. China’s stablecoin ambiguityAt the policy level, signals remain mixed. A Caixin report indicated that Chinese digital platforms, state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and financial institutions in Hong Kong may face restrictions on stablecoin and broader crypto activity. In addition, branches of SOEs and major banks are unlikely to seek stablecoin licenses in the region. The English version of the Caixin article remains accessible, but Cointelegraph observed that the Chinese-language version has since been taken down.At the same time, official engagement is visible. The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), a vice-ministerial institution under the Ministry of Science and Technology that oversees the National Natural Science Fund, earlier announced grants for research on stablecoins and the development of cross-border monitoring frameworks. According to the South China Morning Post, the foundation launched the study in response to concerns that unregulated circulation of private stablecoins, particularly those pegged to the U.S. dollar, could weaken capital controls and pose risks to the yuan. A clearer policy direction is expected once the results of this research are available.

news
Web3 & Enterprise·

Jul 08, 2023

Sega Curbs Interest in ‘Boring’ Blockchain Gaming

Sega Curbs Interest in ‘Boring’ Blockchain GamingJapanese video game behemoth Sega Corp., once an advocate for blockchain gaming, is reevaluating its involvement in the sector as the global crypto industry continues to face challenges.In a recent interview with Bloomberg, Shuji Utsumi, the Co-Chief Operating Officer of Sega, revealed that the company will withhold its major franchises from third-party blockchain gaming projects to protect the value of its content.Photo by Pat Krupa on UnsplashHalting blockchain game developmentAdditionally, Sega is temporarily halting the development of its own blockchain games. These decisions mark a significant shift for the 60-year-old gaming studio, which previously joined other industry players in exploring the potential of blockchain technology to enhance game appeal. However, the recent collapse of the digital currency market has dampened enthusiasm for such initiatives.While Sega withdraws from blockchain gaming, it does plan to allow external partners to utilize its lesser-known characters, such as those from Three Kingdoms and Virtua Fighter, for non-fungible tokens (NFTs). NFTs serve as digital asset ownership certificates.Sega’s intention to venture into the NFT community drew criticism from some gamers who viewed crypto technology as environmentally harmful. Utsumi emphasized the importance of creating enjoyable gaming experiences and expressed his skepticism about the “play-to-earn” model associated with blockchain games, describing such games as “boring.”Reservations on Web3 adoptionIn addition to the uncertainties surrounding blockchain gaming, Utsumi expressed reservations about the adoption of Web3 technology in Sega’s upcoming “super game” initiative. This initiative involves the release of high-budget online multiplayer games starting in 2026. Sega is currently assessing whether the technology will gain traction in the gaming industry before committing to its implementation.Sega’s strategic shift reflects a broader cooling trend relative to the Web3 concept, which implicates an internet built on blockchain technology. Despite attracting significant investments in the past, Web3 has faced criticism and diminishing interest from major players like Ubisoft.However, Sega will continue to offer its lesser franchises to several blockchain games that will be announced later this year. The company also plans to invest hundreds of millions of yen in related projects, as the technology still holds value in enabling the transfer of characters and items between different games. Sega remains open to further involvement in blockchain gaming as the technology matures.Big brand cautiousnessUtsumi acknowledged that the views expressed by blockchain advocates may seem extreme to many in the video game industry. Nevertheless, he recognized the importance of risk-takers who pioneer new technologies, referring to them as the “first penguins” who should not be underestimated.Sega’s cautious approach reflects the need to strike a balance between innovation and maintaining the core aspects of enjoyable gaming experiences, while closely monitoring the evolution of blockchain and Web3 technologies in the industry.It’s also likely that the gaming sector’s most coveted brands will remain cautious on blockchain gaming while newcomers like Animoca Brands can better afford to be the risk takers that drive blockchain gaming forward. Earlier this week, Animoca’s Co-Founder Yat Siu said that he was bullish where blockchain gaming is concerned.

news
Loading