Policy & Regulation·Apr 10, 2026
South Korea tightens state crypto controls as bank-issued tokens gain ground
As South Korea’s cryptocurrency market rapidly evolves, authorities are working to keep the nation's regulatory framework up to speed. Recent initiatives aim to provide clearer guidelines across the sector, encompassing tax policy adjustments, seized assets, and bank-backed digital tokens.Photo by André François McKenzie on UnsplashGovt tightens control over seized cryptoAccording to Yonhap News, the government has approved a new framework for managing roughly 78 billion won ($54 million) in crypto held by the public sector. The move is aimed at imposing clearer controls over digital assets that state agencies hold, including tokens seized or frozen during investigations. Under the new rules, crypto taken from personal wallets must be transferred immediately into agency-controlled cold wallets kept offline. Sensitive access data, including private keys and recovery phrases, must be split among at least two people rather than left in the hands of a single official. That push for tighter custody comes as South Korea also explores new forms of digital money. A bank-issued product known as a deposit token is emerging as a possible middle ground between private stablecoins and a central bank digital currency, or CBDC. Deposit tokens are digital assets backed by bank deposits. They can function like stablecoins in payments, but they are issued by banks rather than crypto firms. The idea is gaining attention as legal uncertainty around stablecoins drags on. South Korea’s central bank has already moved its CBDC pilot, Project Hangang, into a second phase. The Digital Times reported that two more lenders, Kyongnam Bank and iM Bank, have joined the seven banks that participated in the first round: KB Kookmin, Shinhan, Hana, Woori, NH NongHyup, IBK, and Busan Bank. In practice, the emerging view is that deposit tokens may not compete directly with a future CBDC so much as complement it, especially in everyday payments and settlement where banks already have distribution, compliance, and customer infrastructure. Tax gaps persist as market expandsEven as the payments debate advances, tax policy remains underdeveloped. South Korea is set to begin taxing crypto assets in January 2027, but the National Tax Service still does not have detailed standards for several common types of crypto income, according to the Herald Business. Those include staking, lending, airdrops, hard forks, NFTs, and decentralized finance. In a written reply to a lawmaker’s office, the agency said it is still collecting overseas legislative examples and expert views on what should count as taxable crypto income and how acquisition costs should be calculated. That gap is especially important for offshore activity. Profits earned through overseas exchanges are difficult to track outside the 56 jurisdictions participating in the Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF), an OECD-developed international regime for sharing tax information on crypto assets. The result is growing concern over uneven tax treatment and the possibility that capital could shift abroad if enforcement remains patchy. At the same time, global stablecoin issuers are trying to deepen ties with Korean institutions. Tether, the company behind stablecoin USDT, has returned to South Korea again this year after visiting in 2025. The Aju Business Daily reported that it has been in talks with players including KB Financial Group and local exchange Coinone, looking for ways to expand trading activity and circulation. Tether has argued that its network could help broaden Korea’s crypto ecosystem, while also promoting its new dollar-pegged stablecoin, USAT, as compliant and secure. The sector’s operational risks are also still visible at the exchange level. Bithumb has begun legal proceedings to freeze assets as it tries to recover seven Bitcoin that it failed to claw back after an erroneous payout during a promotional event in February. At the time, the unrecovered amount was worth about 700 million won ($483,000). The move points to a likely civil suit. According to an industry source cited by Chosun Biz, some customers refused to return the funds, arguing that the mistake was the company’s fault. Legal opinion in South Korea, however, appears to be broadly in Bithumb’s favor if the dispute ends up in court.
