India’s RBI Cites Stablecoin Risks With Call for Global Regulation

28 crypto service providers register with India’s FIUIn India, 28 entities providing services related to virtual digital assets (VDAs) have successfully registered with the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), the body responsible for combating money laundering in the world’s most populous country.Notable names in this list include Neblio Technologies, more commonly known as CoinDCX, Zanmai Labs, the company responsible for the WazirX crypto platform, Bitcipher Labs’ CoinSwitch, Nextgendev Solutions and Awlencan Innovations India’s Zebpay.Photo by Big G Media on UnsplashA need to register as ‘reporting entities’This information comes in response to a question posed in the Lok Sabha (India’s lower house of Parliament), where the government emphasized the significance of these entities complying with the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA). In March, the government had formally designated companies dealing in VDAs, crypto exchanges and related intermediaries as “reporting entities” under the PMLA.According to the notification, crypto exchanges and their intermediaries are obligated to conduct Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures for their clients and platform users. This includes maintaining KYC details, identity documents, account files and business correspondence records with clients.Offshore exchanges required to registerMinister of State for Finance Pankaj Chaudhary mentioned that the registration process for VDA service providers catering to the Indian market is underway. Non-compliance with these regulations may result in appropriate action under the PMLA. It has been clarified that offshore crypto exchanges operating in India are required to adhere to these guidelines. Despite that, none of the 28 entities who have registered so far appear to be offshore companies.Commenting on the development via the X social media platform, Sumit Gupta, Co-Founder of CoinDCX, wrote:”Emphasizing compliance to PMLA is vital for the safety and financial integrity of Indians, as dealing with non-registered platforms exposes citizens to nefarious actors, putting their finances at risk.” . . . “It’s encouraging to witness the Government initiating actions against non-compliant offshore entities.”While steps to provide guidelines for the industry are largely positive, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has been vocal in its criticism of cryptocurrencies and calls for potential bans have cast a shadow over the industry in India. The recent collapse of prominent platforms like FTX have not been helpful, only serving to exacerbate concerns relative to India’s crypto ecosystem.The negative sentiment, coupled with an ongoing funding winter, has resulted in the closure of operations for some crypto platforms, including Pillow and WeTrade, this year. Firms like CoinSwitch and Gupta’s CoinDCX have had to reduce headcount in 2023 amid challenging market conditions.Despite these challenges, there are also positive signs. A recent report by blockchain analytics firm Chainalysis found that India has been the frontrunner more recently in terms of crypto adoption in Asia.This latest development provides guidelines where anti-money laundering processes are concerned for crypto firms in India. However, the government needs to follow through with a complete regulatory framework for the industry. The Indian courts recently declined to act on such a petition on the basis that it falls within the remit of the country’s legislature and is outside the purview of the courts.

UAE Starts to Accept Crypto License ApplicationsEarlier this week, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) announced that it has commenced the process of accepting license applications from crypto companies.©Pexels/Andrea PiacquadioThe announcement was made by the Middle Eastern country’s Securities and Commodities Authority (SCA) on Monday. The decision comes in the wake of last year’s UAE Council of Ministers opting to regulate the country’s crypto sector as per Decision №111.VASP approval processAs part of the process, virtual asset service providers (VASPs) are obliged to apply to the SCA for approval with those already licensed within the UAEs financial-free zones not required to undertake the process.When it comes to the individual Emirates of Dubai and Abu Dhabi, both have already implemented their own licensing process relative to crypto service providers. In the case of Dubai, it already has its Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA) and its procedures have been deemed to be unified with the process now being implemented by the UAE.The SCA suggested that the initiative offers the opportunity for crypto companies to “regularize their status.”Key rulesThe SCA has set out nine articles as part of the process it is asking crypto companies to apply for and sign up to. Article 3 stipulates that VASPs can only trade digital or virtual assets that have been accepted and approved within an official list of virtual assets.Article 4 sets out the tasks and responsibilities of the virtual assets platform operator. It considers the need for integrity, transparency and professional behavior. Service access must be organized through procedures that facilitate access only for permitted persons.Article 5 highlights the obligations of VASPs relative to seven areas. These include operational efficiency and flexibility, and the provision of operational rules. That incorporates the need for the setting and maintenance of operational business rules and meeting operational rules according to a predefined set of standards.The policy sets out the right of the SCA to request provision of documents and data from a VASP and their receipt within a specified time period.Jurisdictional arbitrageThe UAE and particularly its Abu Dhabi and Dubai emirates are demonstrating that they’re open for business where the digital assets sector is concerned. It’s one location that’s on the rise in terms of coming to global prominence in competing for crypto business alongside places like Singapore and Hong Kong.The Biden administration in the United States has shifted policy relative to digital assets to the down side. On Wednesday it emerged that leading US exchange Coinbase has received approval to operate in Bermuda. It’s being speculated that negotiations are also underway in Abu Dhabi to secure a license for the company to trade there.On the day in which Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chair Gary Gensler received a harsh grilling in front of the House Financial Services Committee on Capitol Hill, Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong confirmed that the company is prepared to move overseas if the regulatory environment doesn’t improve in the United States.Meanwhile, earlier on Thursday, the European Union officially passed its Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) legislation in the European Parliament, providing clarity for the digital assets industry in Europe. In moving forward with crypto licensing, the UAE is jockeying for position among a field of global centers that are vying for crypto business while the US falls behind.

Korean Metaverse Platforms Face Uncertain Future Amidst Mounting ChallengesSeveral Korean metaverse platforms, which had promised to usher in a new world bridging online and offline experiences, have found themselves in premature jeopardy, according to industry observations. Various companies that had earmarked metaverse platforms as their future growth driver failed to establish an effective revenue structure to bring this to fruition, leading to speculation that there are limits to successfully developing this branch of business.Photo by GuerrillaBuzz on UnsplashDwindling popularityMetaverse platforms first garnered significant attention during the COVID-19 pandemic, but interest has waned since then — in Google Trends, the keyword “metaverse” has been showing a clear decline since reaching its peak in November of 2021.The actual usage rates of such platforms have also been low. According to the Korea Information Society Development Institute, last year’s usage rate was a mere 4.2%, and some local government-funded platforms had only about 200 daily visitors despite considerable budget sizes.As a result, companies struggling with financial difficulties have opted to downsize their operations, strategizing for mid- to long-term approaches to improving efficiency until an era of metaverse popularization arrives.Roadblocks for small and large companies alikeAccording to industry sources on Friday, platforms like Cytown, developed by social networking space Cyworld, have shut down after just a year, while Kakao Games’ collaborative metaverse venture Colorverse and Com2us Group’s Com2Verse have entered into restructuring phases.Com2verse’s decision comes just two months after the official release of its all-in-one metaverse platform. The company plans to provide three months’ salary to those applying for voluntary resignation and prioritize hiring new faces when expanding the workforce in the future. The scale of voluntary resignation has not been disclosed.The restructuring process will affect all employees except those involved in core functions such as development and services. Employees opting for voluntary resignation will also have the option to transfer to other subsidiaries under Com2us Group.Founded in April of last year, Com2Verse recorded an operating loss of KRW 8.3 billion (approximately $6.2 million) in the first half of this year. Its parent company, Com2us, also recorded consecutive deficits, starting with an operating loss of KRW 19.4 billion in last year’s fourth quarter, followed by losses of KRW 14.8 billion and KRW 5.6 billion in this year’s first and second quarters, respectively. Despite maintaining a stable revenue in its game business, the company faced challenges due to the poor performance of its subsidiary companies and the mounting labor costs needed for accelerating new business endeavors.Com2us has thus determined that it would be difficult to boost revenue and improve cost structure in the short term. Hence, the company chose to restructure its organization while retaining key personnel working under the Convention Center, an event platform on Com2Verse, which is expected to drive the business forward.Com2us emphasized that its commitment to the metaverse market remains unchanged, stating, “Given the current situation of local and international metaverse industries, we believe that significant time and investment will always be necessary. Therefore, we have decided that choosing our priorities and focusing on them is the best way to respond to long-term market changes.”Similarly, Kakao Entertainment had signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) last year with Neptune, a game developer in which Kakao Games owns a 35% share, and Colorverse, a metaverse company in which Neptune owns a 44% share, to jointly work on an open three-dimensional metaverse platform also called Colorverse. However, Colorverse has also undergone restructuring since earlier this year to reduce its workforce after it posted an operating loss of KRW 11.5 billion last year.Industry analysts have attributed Colorverse’s business slump to the departure of Namkoong Whon, the former CEO who had pinned his hopes on a metaverse as one of the conglomerate’s promising enterprises.Korean game developer NCSOFT had also said that it is building its own metaverse platform dubbed “Miniverse,” which allows various types of online gatherings from community meetups and study groups to remote classes and work. The company had even conducted a welcome presentation for new employees through Miniverse, but news regarding the project has been scant since then.As these major corporations have been struggling to overcome such hurdles, smaller startups have undoubtedly been facing increasingly dire circumstances as well, with some even resorting to unexpected suspensions of service operations without prior notice. Others have promoted themselves as metaverse platforms and issued virtual assets that can be used within the virtual world, but in many cases, these assets have proven to be of little benefit or use.“A revenue structure that can generate income from metaverse platforms has not yet been established. With the gradual decline in remote education, meetings, and telecommuting after the easing of the pandemic, the value of metaverse platforms has also decreased. Also, factors like increased information technology (IT) labor costs and the overall state of the global economy are influencing business momentum,” an industry insider commented.