CoinFLEX Effects Partial Repayment of SmartBCH Debt

MAS Offers Guidelines for Banks Handling Crypto-Related ClientsThe Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) has released a comprehensive set of guidelines to assist banks in managing clients who are involved in digital assets, such as cryptocurrency exchanges or individuals whose wealth is derived from cryptocurrencies.Photo by Meriç Dağlı on UnsplashIndustry working groupAccording to a report in local media source, The Straits Times, these non-mandatory guidelines, developed by an industry working group, aim to provide best practices for financial institutions to address concerns related to money laundering, terrorism financing, and sanctions risks associated with cryptocurrencies.The working group suggests that enhanced due diligence may be necessary for firms closely connected to facilitating crypto transactions. For instance, conducting site visits or walk-throughs of a client’s anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing processes and controls could be required.During the onboarding process, banks should request information documenting the customer’s crypto exposure and the intended usage of the account. Additionally, banks are advised to establish the source of the client’s funds or wealth.To evaluate the regulatory status of a merchant customer’s crypto-related counterparties, especially if they contribute significantly to the merchant’s transactions, banks should conduct thorough assessments.The working group also highlights the use of blockchain screening tools to review the on-chain activity of digital token payment service providers. Regular screening of new and existing wallet addresses owned or controlled by these providers against the sanctions list and designated wallets is also recommended.Comprehensive guidelinesLoretta Yuen, Head of Legal and Compliance at Oversea-Chinese Banking Corp (OCBC), a Singapore-headquartered bank, describes the guidelines as one of the most comprehensive in the world, providing insights into banks’ management of crypto-related money laundering, terrorism financing, and sanctions risks.She believes the guidelines will raise awareness among prospective customers regarding the key risk considerations banks prioritize and enable customers to proactively fulfill banks’ customer due diligence requirements during the onboarding process.Evy Theunis, DBS Bank’s Head of Digital Assets, views the guidelines as a codification of best practices across the industry, aligning with the bank’s existing protocols. United Overseas Bank (UOB) also acknowledges the benefits of the best practice paper, particularly given the diverse range of digital assets with varying levels of risk.Eight participating banksThe working group responsible for developing these guidelines includes representatives from eight banks, MAS, the Commercial Affairs Department, and Big Four audit firm Ernst & Young. Formed in August 2022 under the anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism industry partnership (ACIP), the group aims to identify, assess, and mitigate money laundering and terrorism financing risks in Singapore through a collaborative private-public partnership involving the financial sector, regulators, law enforcement agencies, and other government entities.Singapore is vying to establish itself as a hub for digital asset business in Asia, alongside other centers such as Hong Kong. The Chinese autonomous territory has been making greater progress over the course of the past year.However, a report in The Wall Street Journal on Monday suggests that banking remains a difficulty for crypto businesses in Hong Kong. Hong Kong’s difficulty may be Singapore’s opportunity, given the work that this working group has carried out in smoothing the way for the banking of digital asset-related businesses.

Upbit, South Korea’s largest cryptocurrency exchange operated by Dunamu, announced on Jan. 2 that its user base surpassed 13 million by the end of last year. With South Korea’s population at 51.6 million, the data implies that roughly one in four Koreans now holds an account on the platform. Demographic breakdowns show that users in their 30s comprise the largest cohort at 28.7%, followed by those in their 40s at 24.1% and 20s at 23.2%. Users in their 50s accounted for 16.9%, while those in their 60s and 70s made up 6.0% and 1.1%, respectively. Adoption is particularly high among younger generations, with the combined total of users in their 20s and 30s reaching 5.48 million. Based on Ministry of the Interior and Safety data showing 12.37 million people aged 20 to 39 as of November, approximately 44% of Koreans in this age demographic use the platform. Upbit added 1.1 million new users last year, with men comprising 56.9% of new accounts and women 43.1%.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashXRP overtakes BTC and ETH in tradingIn terms of trading volume, Ripple’s XRP was the most traded cryptocurrency in 2025, outpacing both Bitcoin and Ethereum. Daily activity peaked in the morning, coinciding with the start of the typical business day. The highest volumes were recorded at 00:00 UTC, or 9 a.m. Korea Standard Time. Beyond standard trading, users are increasingly turning to Upbit’s asset management tools. Since its 2022 launch, the platform’s staking feature has attracted over 300,000 users, generating 257.3 billion won ($178.6 million) in total rewards. Furthermore, a dollar-cost averaging feature introduced in August 2024 has drawn about 220,000 users, with cumulative investments totaling 478.1 billion won ($331.9 million). Kbank eyes public listingIn the broader ecosystem, Upbit’s banking partner is preparing for an initial public offering (IPO) this year. Kbank, an internet-only lender that has partnered with Upbit since 2020, is closely linked to the exchange through shared customers. According to Hansbiz, crypto-related funds accounted for roughly 16% of Kbank’s total deposits as of the first half of 2025. Under South Korean law, fiat-to-crypto service providers must secure real-name accounts from a local bank, meaning Upbit users are required to deposit Korean won at Kbank before trading on the exchange. However, Kbank’s financial performance has softened following the 2024 implementation of the Virtual Asset User Protection Act, which compelled the bank to raise annual interest rates on deposits from Upbit users from 0.1% to 2.1%. On a consolidated basis, net interest income totaled 323.2 billion won ($224 million) in the third quarter of 2025, down 13% year over year. Net fee income remained in the red, posting a loss of 2.8 billion won ($1.94 million), widening from a 1.3 billion won loss in the same period a year earlier. This latest IPO push follows two failed attempts and carries contractual implications. When Kbank raised 725 billion won ($503 million) in 2021 from investors including Bain Capital and MBK Partners, it pledged to list its shares by July 2026. If the upcoming attempt fails, those backers could exercise drag-along rights and put options, potentially resulting in increased financial obligations for Kbank. Meanwhile, Upbit has seen other notable shifts in its business and governance. In November, Dunamu and Naver Financial, a subsidiary of internet giant Naver, approved a merger plan structured as a comprehensive share swap at a ratio of 1 to 2.54. At the time of the announcement, market observers estimated Dunamu’s valuation at 15 trillion won ($10.4 billion), compared with 5 trillion won ($3.5 billion) for Naver Financial. 

Hong Kong and Kazakhstan Pilot SWIFT’s CBDC SolutionCentral bank digital currency (CBDC) development globally is unrelenting, with the latest iteration of that involving global financial messaging network SWIFT.The global member-owned cooperative recently disclosed that three central banks are currently participating in beta-testing of this revolutionary solution, including the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) and the National Bank of Kazakhstan.Photo by NASA on UnsplashBuilding upon initial successThe company provided details on the initiative via a press release published to its website on Wednesday. Simultaneously, an extended consortium of over 30 financial institutions is embarking on sandbox experiments to explore a multitude of potential use cases.The impetus behind SWIFT’s commitment to CBDC interoperability grew stronger after a successful round of sandbox testing. Participants in the initial phase quickly recognized the potential and intrinsic value of SWIFT’s solution.Building on this success, the beta version of SWIFT’s CBDC connector solution is now being integrated into the infrastructure of three central banks and monetary authorities.Second phase testingIn tandem with the beta testing, SWIFT has inaugurated a second phase of sandbox experiments, drawing in a consortium of commercial banks, central banks, and financial market infrastructure providers. This phase is dedicated to exploring an array of use cases, ranging from trigger-based payments for digital trade platforms to foreign exchange models, delivery vs. payment mechanisms, and liquidity-saving techniques.Eighteen central and commercial banks had taken part in the first phase of those sandbox experiments. Equally, the second phase has attracted a long list of entities, including the Reserve Bank of Australia, Deutsche Bundesbank, HKMA, Bank of Thailand, CLS, and others. With thirty leading global financial institutions participating in this latest testing round, that makes for a 66% increase in participation by comparison with the first phase. Their collective input and collaboration will contribute towards shaping the future landscape where CBDCs are concerned.Tom Zschach, Chief Innovation Officer at SWIFT, commented on the use of the technology in bridging from existing systems, stating:“The financial community has already recognized the strong potential of our CBDC innovations for preventing digital islands while securely bridging the payment systems of today and the future.”Global hotbed of innovationThe American think tank, the Atlantic Council, has been tracking CDBC projects on a global basis. Its endeavors in that respect demonstrate the expansive efforts that are being made to develop this technology.19 of the G20 countries are in advanced stages of CBDC development, with nine already in pilot phases. While this proliferation signifies the growing importance of CBDCs on the global stage, it also raises concerns about potential fragmentation as countries predominantly focus on domestic usage.SWIFT has taken a proactive stance in addressing the potential challenges of a fragmented CBDC landscape. The company embarked on its CBDC journey over 18 months ago, with the initial sandbox phase simulating nearly 5,000 transactions between different blockchain networks and existing fiat-based payment systems.