Binance Weighs Up UAE Expansion Amid Regulatory Pressures

Liminal, a Singapore-based digital asset custodian, has gained regulatory approval in Abu Dhabi, as part of a series of recent steps the company has taken to expand across Asia and the Middle East. Extending digital asset custody to the Middle EastTaking to the X social media platform on May 13, the company outlined that its First Answer Middle East subsidiary received Financial Services Permission (FSP) from the Abu Dhabi Global Market's (ADGM) Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA) on May 9. The approval allows the firm to provide digital asset custody in the region. Liminal had initially been granted in-principle approval last year. In a series of posts, the company outlined that it sees Abu Dhabi’s regulatory framework in respect of digital assets as forward-thinking. It drew particular attention to the work of the FSRA in developing a robust framework to enable institutions to enter the digital assets space.Photo by Sohail Sarwar on UnsplashGame changerOn the actual license approval itself, the company stated, “The FSP license allows Liminal to hold, manage, and safeguard digital assets on behalf of institutions, hedge funds, venture capitalists and professional clients. This is a game-changer for digital asset custody practices in the region.” Further regional expansionOver the course of recent months, Liminal has scored a number of regulatory successes within the Asia Pacific (APAC) and Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions. Its success within the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has not been confined to Abu Dhabi. In April, First Answer Custody FZE, a Dubai-based subsidiary company, secured initial approval from the emirate's regulator, the Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority (VARA).  Meanwhile, Liminal's Indian subsidiary, First Answer India Technologies, has been established and registered as a reporting entity. As a consequence, it has become the first digital asset custodian registered with India’s Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), an organization that falls under the umbrella of the Department of Revenue, and  which collects financial intelligence relative to money laundering.  Making further in-roads within the world’s most populous country in November, India’s Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) appointed the firm with a mandate to manage seized digital assets. Liminal has ties with India insofar as it was founded by Mahin Gupta in 2021, the co-founder of crypto exchange ZebPay. In an interview with CoinDesk, Manan Vora, senior vice president of strategy and business operations at Liminal stated:"We initiated a strategic drive two years ago to secure regulatory licenses in key markets across APAC and EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa), strategically positioning ourselves to cater to institutional clients.” Vora added: "Our strategic vision is to expand from our present technology presence in Europe and Taiwan to pushing for regulatory victories there. In Indonesia, we are already working as a technology provider for the nation's sovereign digital asset exchange." Within its home market of Singapore, Liminal was grandfathered into a new licensing system that the city-state introduced recently in respect of digital asset custody as a consequence of already having been a provider of such services in Singapore. The company has been given a grace period of six months. Within that timeframe, it intends to submit an application to local regulator, the Monetary Authority of Singapore. 

Singapore’s UniPass Plays Role in ERC-4337 Vulnerability FixSmart contract wallet provider UniPass and crypto infrastructure firm Fireblocks have successfully addressed a significant vulnerability in the Ethereum ecosystem.Photo by Nenad Novaković on UnsplashAccount abstraction vulnerabilityThis vulnerability, identified as the ERC-4337 account abstraction vulnerability, posed a critical security risk to hundreds of mainnet wallets. The joint effort between Fireblocks and UniPass was detailed in a blog post published to the Fireblocks website on Thursday.This vulnerability, if exploited, could have enabled a malicious actor to execute a complete takeover of the UniPass Wallet by manipulating Ethereum’s account abstraction process. The vulnerability represented a substantial threat to the security of smart contract wallets, as it could lead to unauthorized access and fund drainage.Improving user experienceAccount abstraction, as dealt with via ERC-4337, is a mechanism that introduces a novel way of processing transactions and interacting with smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. It allows for a more flexible and efficient handling of transactions, transcending the traditional distinction between externally owned accounts (EOAs) and contract accounts.EOAs are controlled by private keys and can initiate transactions, while contract accounts are governed by the code of a smart contract. When an EOA initiates a transaction with a contract account, it triggers the execution of the contract’s code. Account abstraction introduces the notion of abstracted accounts, which are not tied to a specific private key and can initiate transactions and interact with smart contracts, similar to EOAs.In the context of ERC-4337, an account executing an action relies on the EntryPoint contract to ensure that only signed transactions are executed. Typically, these accounts trust a single audited EntryPoint contract to validate user operations before executing commands. However, the vulnerability resided in the fact that a malicious or buggy EntryPoint contract could potentially skip the validation step and directly call the execution function, bypassing essential security measures.This vulnerability, identified by the two firms, had allowed attackers to seize control of UniPass wallets by replacing the trusted EntryPoint of the wallet. Once this takeover was completed, the attacker could access the wallet and drain its funds.It’s worth noting that the vulnerability posed a threat to several hundred users who had activated the ERC-4337 module in their wallets, making them susceptible to exploitation by any actor on the blockchain. Fortunately, the wallets affected by this vulnerability contained only small amounts of funds, and swift mitigation efforts were successful in preventing further harm.Company mergerEarlier this year, Singapore’s UniPass merged with Chinese wallet provider Keystone to form Account Labs, a company which has been incorporated in Singapore. At the time, Keystone founder Liu Lixin outlined that further developing account abstraction-derived products was the objective of the creation of Account Labs. He stated:“We are on the cusp of a Web3 Account Abstraction revolution. Together, we’ll drive rapid transformation, making the transition from Web2 to Web3 effortless for users. Our goal is to ensure everyone can securely and smoothly manage a decentralized account. We welcome partners to join us in advancing the Web3 account domain.”In furthering that objective, Account Labs announced on Thursday that it had raised $7.7 million in a funding round led by Amber Group, MixMarvel DAO Ventures, and Qiming Ventures.

Bullish Market Analysis Finding as Asia Doubles Crypto UsersComing off the back of the last bull run, the crypto sector has been challenged with cooling price levels also affected by global macroeconomic headwinds. Despite that, a recent crypto market study by financial news platform Finbold has found encouragement with a significant increase in crypto users, most notably in Asia.Photo by Jéan Béller on Unsplash37% increase in global usersAccording to the market data presented by Finbold on Thursday, the number of global crypto users has reached 417.5 million as of 2023, representing a year-over-year growth of 36.88%. This translates to an increase of 112.5 million users compared to the 2022 count of 305 million.Several factors contribute to the growth in crypto user numbers. The fear of missing out (FOMO) phenomenon plays a significant role, as individuals see market downturns as an opportunity to enter the market and potentially benefit from their investments.Mainstream adoption and awareness of cryptocurrencies have also attracted new users, aided by the accessibility and convenience of crypto platforms and exchanges. Additionally, the acceptance of cryptocurrencies as a form of payment by businesses has further fueled user growth.In emerging markets with unstable economies and limited access to traditional banking services, cryptocurrencies have been embraced as an alternative and inclusive financial solution, driving adoption in those regions.Standout growth in AsiaAsia leads the way with 260 million users as of May 2023, marking an astonishing 100% growth from the previous year’s figure of 130 million. North America follows with 54 million users, witnessing an addition of 3 million compared to the 2022 count of 51 million.When examining crypto ownership in relation to the population of each country, Thailand claims the top spot in 2023 with a share of 9.32%. India comes in second with 7.23%, followed by Brazil at 6.98%. Pakistan ranks fourth with 6.4%, while France rounds out the top five with 5.9%.Observers believe that regional crypto user trends will be influenced by regulations. Asia dominates the market, driven by the increasing adoption of blockchain-based payment solutions in countries like India, China, Singapore, South Korea, and Japan, particularly within the banking, financial services, and insurance sectors.African & European user declineAfrica experienced a decline of 28%, going from 53 million to 38 million users. Similarly, European users dropped from 43 million to 31 million. Notably, Europe has witnessed a drop in usage, coinciding with the enactment of the Markets in Crypto Assets (MiCA) law, which aims to create a legal framework for the crypto asset market.The growth in global user numbers is remarkable, considering the challenging phase the crypto sector has been going through. High-profile incidents, including the FTX crypto exchange collapse and the Terra (LUNA) ecosystem crash, have eroded trust within the sector. Moreover, the crypto market has had to navigate an uncertain regulatory landscape, with jurisdictions like the United States cracking down on the sector.Lawsuits filed by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) against Ripple, Binance, and Coinbase for alleged securities laws violations are likely to discourage investor involvement. Regions with stricter regulations, such as North America and Europe, are expected to lose crypto business to the Asia-Pacific region.