FPG Halts Withdrawals Following Hack

Bank of Korea Conducts Successful CBDC Pilot Test with Financial InstitutionsThe Bank of Korea (BOK) announced yesterday in a press release that its central bank digital currency (CBDC) pilot program operated successfully in a practical setting involving multiple financial institutions.Testing environmentsPreviously, the CBDC system was tested in an isolated cloud environment. In this recent test, the system was installed on the servers of various financial institutions over a five-month period to evaluate its performance.The 1.2 billion KRW ($905,000) project included the participation of six companies, such as Kakao’s Krust Universe, KakaoBank, and KakaoPay, as well as 14 banks and the Korea Financial Telecommunications and Clearings Institute. Kookmin, Shinhan, and Woori were among the participating banks.Four scenariosThe BOK and financial institutions tested the system’s performance under four scenarios: increasing transaction requests per second, increasing the number of active users, reducing the transaction queue size, and adjusting the block generation time ratio.The increase in transaction requests led to a 10% decrease in transactions per second (TPS), from 2,100 TPS to 1,900 TPS, compared to the single cloud environment test. This result is still deemed acceptable, as the highest TPS recorded in the current small payment infrastructure network is 1,200, which occurs on paydays and other high-transaction days.Issues such as slower response times arose with higher transaction request volumes but were resolved by enlarging the transaction queue size and increasing the block formation time proportion in the block generation process. The block generation process involves two stages: block formation, where transactions are recorded, and block validation, where transactions are verified.Greater stabilityThe test demonstrated that transaction errors at individual institutions did not affect others, suggesting that a distributed ledger system offers greater management stability than a centralized system. However, institutional officers cited challenges in problem-solving and communication when using the distributed ledger system.The BOK plans to involve more institutions in ongoing experiments this year, supporting them in testing their smart contracts on the CBDC pilot system.Photo by Bundo Kim on Unsplash

According to a report by Nikkei Asia, Kasikornbank (KBank), Thailand’s second-largest bank, has entered into a partnership with Bangkok-based firm Orbix Technology and Singapore’s StraitsX to roll out a cross-border payments solution based on the use of stablecoins. StraitsX provides payments infrastructure for digital assets in Southeast Asia. It also issues XSGD, XUSD and XIDR, stablecoins that are pegged to the Singapore dollar, the U.S. dollar and the Indonesian Rupiah. Orbix Technology contributes towards the collaboration by providing blockchain infrastructure, in this case, its Quarix blockchain, which was developed to support transactions in both foreign currencies and baht, convert real-world assets into digital tokens and enable real-world identity confirmation of the blockchain user.Photo by Mathew Schwartz on UnsplashProject Carina The groundwork for this latest collaboration was accomplished through a partnership between KBank and American investment bank JPMorgan’s JPM Coin (now known as Kinexys Digital Payments) in April. Known as Project Carina, the collaboration explored wholesale cross-border payments using Q-money, KBank’s digital Thai baht, which runs on Orbix Technology’s Quarix blockchain and forms part of Thailand’s regulatory sandbox. The objective of Project Carina was to effect the transfer of Thai baht, using Q-money, to a U.S. dollar-denominated bank account, via Kinexys Digital Payments. Using that process, a cross-border multi-currency transfer could be effected efficiently in real time. Spending Thai baht in Singapore In part, building upon that earlier project, this latest collaboration, which commenced at the end of November, brings StraitsX into the fold alongside KBank and Orbix. The service targets Thai tourists visiting Singapore, enabling them to spend their Thai baht-based Q-money at retail outlets in Singapore. Thai visitors account for 2.4% of arrivals to the city-state each year. Many retail stores in Singapore now enable the use of payment systems like PayNow, a real-time payment service offered by a group of Singaporean banks; GrabPay, a payments wallet that features as part of the Grab super-app; and Alipay+, another cross-border mobile payments system. StraitsX has collaborated with these payment systems, opening up access to this latest offering led by KBank. In November, StraitsX added access to the GrabPay and Alipay+ systems. Users of the Q-money app can scan the codes generated via these payment systems, enabling the user to pay in Thai baht for the item they are purchasing priced in Singaporean dollars. Effectively, the system enables and exchange and conversion of digital baht for the StraitsX XSGD Singaporean dollar stablecoin. The three companies showcased their blockchain-based cross-border payment innovation at the Singapore FinTech Festival last month. At the time, Orbix Technology Managing Director Yarnvith Raksri stated:”Quarix has played a significant role in driving the Q-money by KBank app and integrating it with the StraitsX system to allow seamless cross-border payments via blockchain, making them as convenient as domestic transactions.” KBank competitor Siam Commercial Bank (SCB), Thailand’s oldest bank, announced in October that it was partnering with fintech firm Lightnet to launch a stablecoin-based remittance service.

Korean Prosecutors Allocate $734K Budget for Crypto Crime InvestigationsThe South Korean Supreme Prosecutors’ Office has earmarked a budget of up to KRW 986 million (approximately $734,000) this year for investigations pertaining to virtual assets, according to data received by the local newspaper Law Times from the Ministry of Justice last Thursday. The significant size of the budget suggests that the prosecution is prioritizing efforts to combat the growing surge in virtual asset-related crimes.Photo by Tingey Injury Law Firm on UnsplashBudget divisionWithin this budget, KRW 778 million has been designated for the purchase of software licenses for virtual asset tracing and analysis equipment, while KRW 280 million has been allocated for an integrated strategic plan to establish a platform for analyzing and tracing unauthorized virtual asset transactions. The budget for this platform consists of preliminary planning costs. Related expenditures are expected to increase as the project is fully implemented.“It is true that our budgets are being concentrated on crimes related to virtual assets due to the fact that they have recently become a social issue,” said a prosecution official. “It may not be a lot compared to our overall budget, but assigning almost KRW 1 billion for one specific field of investigation is still a considerate amount.”Rising crypto crimesIn Korea, crimes associated with virtual assets have been increasing annually. This includes tax evasion, bribery, foreign exchange law violations, and money laundering, as well as cryptocurrency market issues including issuance, listing, and distribution. According to the Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, reported cases of suspicious virtual asset transactions received by the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (KoFIU) surged from an average of 66 cases per month in 2021 to 900 cases in 2022, then 943 cases in 2023 — a fourteen-fold increase in just three years.Subsequently, the scale of the damages caused by cryptocurrency crimes has also seen a sharp rise. The total value of all reported damages skyrocketed from KRW 467.4 billion in 2017 to KRW 1.02 trillion last year, more than doubling in five years. The cumulative loss over this period exceeds KRW 5.3 trillion.Focused effortsThe prosecution has thus dispatched financial experts from organizations including KoFIU and Korea Exchange to create a joint virtual asset crime investigation unit under the Seoul Southern District Prosecutors’ Office dedicated to investigating cryptocurrency crimes.The prosecution’s Cybercrime Investigation Division has also begun developing a tracking system optimized for the Korean market to trace the flow of virtual assets. The foreign software that is currently being used for tracking comes with considerable expenses and limitations, particularly for tracking flows within the domestic market, where there are many transactions involving smaller, locally-issued cryptocurrencies called “kimchi coins.”“We are dedicating our manpower and technological development to virtual asset investigations,” said a high-ranking official from the prosecution. “We will also strive to secure the budget necessary for these efforts.”