Korea requires lawmakers and senior officials to declare crypto holdings

Singapore’s UniPass Plays Role in ERC-4337 Vulnerability FixSmart contract wallet provider UniPass and crypto infrastructure firm Fireblocks have successfully addressed a significant vulnerability in the Ethereum ecosystem.Photo by Nenad Novaković on UnsplashAccount abstraction vulnerabilityThis vulnerability, identified as the ERC-4337 account abstraction vulnerability, posed a critical security risk to hundreds of mainnet wallets. The joint effort between Fireblocks and UniPass was detailed in a blog post published to the Fireblocks website on Thursday.This vulnerability, if exploited, could have enabled a malicious actor to execute a complete takeover of the UniPass Wallet by manipulating Ethereum’s account abstraction process. The vulnerability represented a substantial threat to the security of smart contract wallets, as it could lead to unauthorized access and fund drainage.Improving user experienceAccount abstraction, as dealt with via ERC-4337, is a mechanism that introduces a novel way of processing transactions and interacting with smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. It allows for a more flexible and efficient handling of transactions, transcending the traditional distinction between externally owned accounts (EOAs) and contract accounts.EOAs are controlled by private keys and can initiate transactions, while contract accounts are governed by the code of a smart contract. When an EOA initiates a transaction with a contract account, it triggers the execution of the contract’s code. Account abstraction introduces the notion of abstracted accounts, which are not tied to a specific private key and can initiate transactions and interact with smart contracts, similar to EOAs.In the context of ERC-4337, an account executing an action relies on the EntryPoint contract to ensure that only signed transactions are executed. Typically, these accounts trust a single audited EntryPoint contract to validate user operations before executing commands. However, the vulnerability resided in the fact that a malicious or buggy EntryPoint contract could potentially skip the validation step and directly call the execution function, bypassing essential security measures.This vulnerability, identified by the two firms, had allowed attackers to seize control of UniPass wallets by replacing the trusted EntryPoint of the wallet. Once this takeover was completed, the attacker could access the wallet and drain its funds.It’s worth noting that the vulnerability posed a threat to several hundred users who had activated the ERC-4337 module in their wallets, making them susceptible to exploitation by any actor on the blockchain. Fortunately, the wallets affected by this vulnerability contained only small amounts of funds, and swift mitigation efforts were successful in preventing further harm.Company mergerEarlier this year, Singapore’s UniPass merged with Chinese wallet provider Keystone to form Account Labs, a company which has been incorporated in Singapore. At the time, Keystone founder Liu Lixin outlined that further developing account abstraction-derived products was the objective of the creation of Account Labs. He stated:“We are on the cusp of a Web3 Account Abstraction revolution. Together, we’ll drive rapid transformation, making the transition from Web2 to Web3 effortless for users. Our goal is to ensure everyone can securely and smoothly manage a decentralized account. We welcome partners to join us in advancing the Web3 account domain.”In furthering that objective, Account Labs announced on Thursday that it had raised $7.7 million in a funding round led by Amber Group, MixMarvel DAO Ventures, and Qiming Ventures.

Korean crypto firms relocating for cheaper rent amid prolonged crypto winterAs the prolonged crypto winter continues to affect the industry, blockchain and cryptocurrency firms in South Korea are under pressure to economize. Faced with a deteriorating business and investment climate, numerous companies are reducing their office space and relocating to areas with cheaper rent, according to a Wednesday (local time) report by local media outlet Bizwatch.Photo by Nastuh Abootalebi on UnsplashReducing operating costsBizwatch reported, citing industry sources, that Parameta (previously Iconloop), a blockchain enterprise, has relocated its headquarters from Seoul’s upscale Signature Towers to a more economical shared office space this year. This strategic move is interpreted as an effort to slash operating costs by choosing a location with significantly lower rental expenses. A Parameta representative confirmed that the relocation was part of measures to reduce costs.Binance-backed Streami, which runs the Gopax cryptocurrency exchange, is also reportedly contemplating an office relocation after downsizing its staff. The company’s workforce has dwindled from over 100 employees earlier in the year to approximately 60 by September. A Streami spokesperson has indicated that they have yet to reach a decision regarding the relocation. Streami’s situation is particularly significant due to its ongoing challenges in securing approval from financial regulators for changes to its executive representatives since Binance acquired a majority stake. Recently, Streami appointed a new CEO from the domestic tech firm CityLabs, which has also purchased an 8.55% stake in Streami and intends to further increase its investment in the exchange operator.Similarly, Korea Digital Exchange, the operator of cryptocurrency-only exchange Flybit, has listed for sale one of its two floors of office space in Seoul’s Seocho district. This move comes nearly a year and eight months after the company expanded into the current premises.Changes in workforce sizesBefore the crypto winter, when the Korean crypto market witnessed unprecedented growth, numerous companies expanded their offices to make room for the growing workforce, bolstered by rising revenues. For instance, Dunamu, which runs Upbit — Korea’s largest crypto exchange — garnered attention for acquiring pricey real estate in Gangnam to construct a new office.However, the boom was short-lived. With the onset of the crypto downturn, numerous companies found themselves having to shut down. Blockchain technology firms are facing similar challenges, with many developers steering away from the sector due to persisting market instability. For many of these firms, the workforce has diminished as they’ve either undergone restructuring or struggled to recruit replacements for departing employees.An industry insider remarked that reducing operating costs is a logical step for companies facing a lack of investment and revenue. They noted that this only applies to those resilient enough to weather the hardship, adding that many cryptocurrency-only exchanges are likely to shut down completely in these challenging conditions.In fact, Cashierest, a crypto-only exchange, recently announced the cease of operations. Concerns about the company had been growing after staff layoffs and the departure of its CEO in July. A thorough analysis by the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of the Financial Services Commission (FSC) found that, of the 21 Korean crypto-only exchanges, 18 are operating with negative shareholder equity as of the first half of this year. Moreover, 10 did not earn any revenue from transaction fees during the same period.Crypto-only exchanges typically see lower trading volumes as they cannot facilitate trades in Korean won. In South Korea, only five trading platforms — Upbit, Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit and Gopax — are officially registered with the financial regulator to conduct fiat-to-crypto transactions.

South Korean retail investors are pulling back from cryptocurrencies after months of falling prices, rotating capital into domestic equities in a sharp reversal from last year’s trading boom, according to a report by Bloomberg.Photo by Timothy Ries on UnsplashCrypto prices have declined since October, leaving many individual traders nursing heavy losses. In January, trading volumes on local exchanges have dropped roughly 65% year-on-year. By contrast, trading value on the KOSPI, the primary benchmark index of Korea's stock market, has surged 221% over the same period, reflecting a decisive shift in retail risk appetite. Korean investors—who had heavily favored volatile altcoins—are now reallocating funds into domestic and overseas equities, particularly artificial intelligence and robotics stocks. Brokerage margin balances have surpassed 30 trillion won ($20.8 billion), suggesting speculative capital has migrated rather than disappeared. South Korea has long been one of the world’s most retail-driven crypto markets, with individual investors playing an outsized role in price formation and trading volumes. The recent downturn, however, has exposed the risks of a market concentrated in smaller tokens. The rotation back to equities has also coincided with political momentum around boosting the stock market, including President Lee Jae-myung’s pledge to push the KOSPI toward 5,000. Ownership limits spark debateAs retail enthusiasm cools, regulatory questions are moving to the forefront. A debate has emerged over potential limits on major shareholders’ stakes in crypto firms—a proposal that has stirred controversy over governance and competitiveness. According to MoneyToday Broadcasting MTN, Democratic Party lawmaker Min Byoung-dug recounted a recent dinner conversation in Seoul in which Eric Trump, the second son of U.S. President Donald Trump, reportedly reacted skeptically to the idea. Trump was said to have questioned whether such ownership restrictions would be conceivable in the United States. Supporters argue that ownership caps could strengthen oversight and reduce excessive concentration of control in crypto firms. Critics warn they could deter investment and weaken Korea’s position in an increasingly competitive global market. Innovation continues despite slowdownEven as crypto volumes shrink, financial innovation tied to digital assets is pressing ahead. Decentralized exchange Lighter said on X that it will support perpetual futures contracts linked to major Korean equities. The products include exposure to Samsung, SK Hynix, and Hyundai, as well as a KOSPI index-based contract with 10x leverage. The move reflects a broader convergence between crypto platforms and traditional financial assets.  Regional competition intensifiesKorea’s regulatory direction is also being watched across Asia. Speaking at the Consensus Hong Kong, lawmaker Johnny Ng said the city could draw lessons from South Korea and the United Arab Emirates in shaping its crypto framework. According to CoinDesk, he noted that the UAE has established a robust regulatory structure with dedicated oversight, while Korea operates a government body tasked with supervising crypto activities. As financial centers compete to attract crypto businesses, clarity in regulation has become a strategic differentiator. For now, Korea’s crypto market appears to be recalibrating rather than collapsing—with retail traders retreating, policymakers debating guardrails, and new leveraged products testing the boundaries of innovation. Whether this marks a transition toward a more mature phase or merely a pause in speculative fervor may depend on how the country balances investor protection with growth.