Hong Kong and the UAE Collaborate on Crypto Regulation

Dunamu, the operator of South Korea’s largest crypto exchange, Upbit, secured approval to renew its registration as a virtual asset service provider (VASP), ending 16 months of regulatory limbo that had clouded the domestic market.Photo by Daniel Bernard on UnsplashAccording to Newsis, the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) under the Financial Services Commission (FSC) granted the approval on Dec. 23. Industry participants view the decision as a stabilizing signal for the sector amid the country’s evolving crypto regulations. Under South Korean law, VASPs must renew their licenses every three years. Dunamu submitted its application by the statutory deadline of Aug. 21, 2024, but the review faced prolonged delays due to FIU staffing shortages and overlapping sanctions proceedings. Regulators had flagged Dunamu for alleged violations regarding customer due diligence and transaction restrictions, resulting in a 35.2 billion won ($24.4 million) fine. Prior to the fine, the FIU issued a disciplinary warning to Dunamu’s chief executive and ordered a three-month partial suspension of operations. Dunamu is currently contesting the suspension and warnings in court, with a fourth hearing scheduled for February 2026. Despite the ongoing litigation, the company stated it has addressed all regulatory issues and implemented measures to prevent recurrence. Market clarity fuels expansion, IPO ambitionsWith uncertainty surrounding the market leader resolved, observers expect other exchanges to feel emboldened to pursue expansion, including new business launches and potential initial public offerings (IPOs). Bithumb, the country’s second-largest exchange, is weighing a public listing as early as next year. Securing license renewal would bolster market confidence and expand the company’s strategic flexibility. Other major platforms, including Coinone, Korbit, and Gopax, filed renewal applications late last year. Each faces sanctions proceedings for alleged legal violations, leaving the market closely watching for FIU rulings. Exchanges recruit ex-regulatorsWith regulatory scrutiny remaining a constant challenge, South Korean exchanges are increasingly recruiting former senior financial regulators to navigate the legal landscape. Citing data from the FSC and the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), Segye Ilbo reported that the flow of senior officials into the crypto sector has accelerated. Between January and November, eight former FSS officials at Grade 4 or above moved to crypto firms—well above the historical norm of one or two annually. Over the past two years, 16 former FSS officials have moved into the crypto industry, with nine joining Dunamu and seven moving to Bithumb. Industry insiders link the trend to the enforcement of the Virtual Asset User Protection Act in July 2024, which brought the sector under a formal regulatory framework. Exchanges are seeking the expertise of retired regulators to manage legal risk and strengthen government relations, particularly ahead of planned phase-two legislation focused on stablecoins. TradFi enters as systemic risks watchedAs digital assets move within official regulatory boundaries, traditional financial institutions are accelerating their entry into the sector. On Dec. 26, Korea Investment & Securities signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Bithumb to collaborate on asset management services, Yonhap News reported. The partnership aims to combine the brokerage's equities expertise with the exchange's digital asset capabilities to offer tailored products. However, the deepening ties between crypto and traditional finance have drawn the central bank's attention. In a Financial Stability Report released Dec. 23, the Bank of Korea (BOK) noted that the correlation between Bitcoin and the S&P 500 has increased since 2020. The BOK attributed this to the introduction of crypto-related financial products, such as ETFs, and increased participation by institutional investors and publicly listed companies holding crypto. Spillover risks in South Korea remain contained given the limited level of corporate participation, despite the government’s move earlier this year to gradually permit corporate crypto holdings. However, the central bank warned that greater institutional participation enabled by regulatory easing could intensify risk transmission. The report underscored the need for safeguards to insulate Korean equities from crypto-market shocks. 

Bitcoin records this year’s highest in Korean market, surpassing KRW 60MBitcoin, the world’s largest cryptocurrency, exceeded the KRW 60 million (approximately $45,700) mark in the South Korean market on Wednesday (local time), reaching its highest value of the year.So far today, the nation’s leading crypto exchange, Upbit, saw Bitcoin’s price soaring to a daily peak of KRW 60,642,000. Meanwhile, another major trading platform, Bithumb, observed Bitcoin’s value touching a daily high of KRW 60,775,000.Photo by André François McKenzie on UnsplashHighest since November 2021This is the first time Bitcoin went above the KRW 60 million mark since November 2021. Amid this development, the Kimchi premium, a term indicating the gap in crypto prices between Korean exchanges and their foreign counterparts, has exceeded 4%. According to data from crypto information platform CoinNess, at the time of publication, the average price of Bitcoin on Korean platforms is KRW 59,986,250, while the average price of Bitcoin on foreign platforms is KRW 57,605,406.Ethereum prices are also on the rise. On Upbit, Ethereum reached its highest point of the day at KRW 3,163,000, and on Bithumb, it peaked at KRW 3,162,000.Rate hike halt and Bitcoin halvingThe ongoing surge in Bitcoin’s value is widely believed to be influenced by a halt in global interest rate hikes and the anticipated Bitcoin halving event scheduled for April 2024. Additionally, the potential approval of spot bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is seen as another significant factor contributing to the rise in the digital currency’s prices.Meanwhile, the Crypto Fear and Greed Index from software comparison platform Alternative.me currently indicates a sentiment of “Greed” with a score of 72. This index assesses various factors, including volatility, market momentum and volume, social media buzz, market dominance and trends. The scale ranges from 0 to 100, where 0 signifies “Extreme Fear” and 100 represents “Extreme Greed.” Scores nearer to 0 suggest increasing fear among investors, potentially signaling a buying opportunity. On the other hand, scores approaching 100 imply growing greed, hinting at the possibility of a market correction.Korean won as the top fiat trading pairDuring this latest Bitcoin rally, where the cryptocurrency climbed to over 50% of its highest price in almost two years, South Korean crypto traders have played a significant role, Bloomberg reported, citing data from CCData. In November, the South Korean won exceeded the U.S. dollar as the top fiat trading pair in the crypto market for the first time.

Huobi Aims for Hong Kong License Within 6–12 MonthsAccording to Justin Sun, the founder of layer one blockchain Tron and advisor to Huobi, the cryptocurrency exchange could have obtained a crypto trading license in Hong Kong by the end of the year.Photo by Pixabay on PexelsApplication submissionIn an interview with CoinDesk TV on Friday, Sun revealed that Huobi recently submitted an application to become a virtual asset service provider (VASP) in Hong Kong. While the approval process typically takes up to 18 months, Sun expressed optimism that a decision could be reached within the next six to twelve months.A legacy Chinese cryptocurrency exchange was driven out of the country a few years ago following the implementation of a crypto trading ban, and is now a Seychelles-headquartered company which currently has offices in Singapore, Japan, South Korea, and the United Kingdom.It had been previously understood that at least 10 companies with Chinese founders, including OKX, Bybit, and Huobi, had either announced or were known to be planning to announce their bid for licenses in Hong Kong. Sun’s comments today add clarity to the matter.Sun highlighted that during this grace period, which spans the next 18 months, the specific details of regulations will be developed. This includes guidelines on compliance with customer withdrawals and anti-money laundering requirements. He further explained that with the approval, Huobi Hong Kong will be able to operate, onboard customers, establish banking relationships, and serve its user base effectively.In a strategic move, Huobi relocated its headquarters from Singapore to Hong Kong, driven by the city’s aspirations to become a leading virtual asset hub as early as this summer. The exchange’s decision to establish a presence in Hong Kong positions it favorably to leverage the emerging opportunities in the region.Expectations of more applicantsWhile it’s not entirely clear who else has applied, Sun speculated that five to six other major players could follow suit. Among the potential contenders mentioned were OKX, Gate.io, Bitget, and ByBit. This suggests a potential wave of interest in Hong Kong as a regulatory-friendly jurisdiction for virtual asset trading.When asked about Huobi’s plans to enter the Canadian market and compete with established players like Coinbase and Kraken, Sun made it clear that Huobi has no immediate intentions to operate in Canada. He emphasized the importance of prioritizing friendly jurisdictions, with a specific focus on regions like the Caribbean, Hong Kong, and Japan.Hong Kong’s regulatory approach towards cryptocurrencies and virtual asset service providers has gained attention in recent months. The city’s commitment to establishing a robust framework for digital asset trading and ensuring compliance with international standards has drawn interest from industry players seeking regulatory clarity and stability.As Huobi progresses through the application process and awaits a decision on its VASP license, the outcome will have significant implications not only for the exchange itself but also for the broader crypto ecosystem in Hong Kong. The successful acquisition of a license by Huobi could set a positive precedent, attracting more exchanges to establish a presence in the region and further solidifying Hong Kong’s position as a leading virtual asset hub in Asia.The developments in Hong Kong’s regulatory landscape will be closely monitored by industry participants as they shape the future of virtual asset trading in the city.