North Korea Using DeFi for Money Laundering

Korea’s Virtual Asset User Protection Act to Take Effect in July Next YearThe Virtual Asset User Protection Bill was passed during the South Korean National Assembly’s plenary session last Friday, according to a report by news agency Newsis. The legislation aims to safeguard customer assets, establish regulations against unfair trading practices, and enforce penalties. The act is scheduled to take effect one year after its passage.Photo by KS KYUNG on UnsplashDefinition of virtual assetsUnder the act, a virtual asset is defined as a digital representation of economic value that can be digitally traded or transferred. It’s important to note that central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are not considered virtual assets. Virtual assets with characteristics of securities will initially fall under the jurisdiction of the Capital Market Act.Roles of Korea’s central bankThe act grants the Bank of Korea (BOK) the authority to request data and information from virtual asset service providers (VASPs). This provision is deemed necessary for the Korean central bank to formulate monetary and financial policies, despite virtual assets not being equivalent to traditional currencies.Responsibilities of VASPsMoreover, VASPs are obligated to segregate users’ virtual assets from their own holdings. VASPs are also required to reserve the same type and quantity of virtual assets entrusted by users and maintain a certain proportion of these assets in a cold wallet, which is an offline storage solution.Unfair trading practices will be regulated in a similar manner as outlined in the Capital Market Act. The act specifically prohibits the use of undisclosed information, price manipulation, fraudulent transactions, and trading of self-issued virtual assets. VASPs are barred from suspending deposits and withdrawals without legitimate reasons. They are also mandated to monitor suspicious transactions and take appropriate measures to safeguard users. Any suspected unfair trading practices must be promptly reported to financial authorities. Violators of these rules may face criminal penalties, liability for damages, and potential class action lawsuits.Powers of financial authoritiesThe act also clarifies the powers of financial authorities in supervising, inspecting, and taking action against virtual asset operators. Unfair trade practices can result in imprisonment for more than one year (up to 10 years for violations related to self-issued virtual assets) or fines ranging from three to five times the illicit gains. Assets acquired through unfair trade practices will be confiscated, or an equivalent value will be charged if confiscation is not feasible.Impact on crypto investigationsThe absence of legislation directly addressing unfair trading practices in the virtual asset market has posed challenges for prosecutors. They had to rely on existing statutes related to fraud, the capital market, and financial investments. Once the new act takes effect, prosecutors will no longer need to determine whether a virtual asset qualifies as a security or not.Regarding this development, a prosecutor told local legal news outlet Law Times that the implementation of the new act will escalate prosecutorial investigations into cryptocurrency incidents.Meanwhile, the individuals behind the crash of Terraform Labs’ stablecoin TerraUSD and its sister coin Luna will not be subject to this act due to the legal principle of nulla poena sine lege, which prevents the retrospective enforcement of criminal laws. Do Kwon, co-founder of Terraform Labs, was recently sentenced to four months in prison by a Montenegrin court for passport forgery after being arrested in March. The other co-founder, Daniel Shin, has been indicted by prosecutors in Korea.

Animoca Brands’ Japanese market expansion via strategic partnershipAnimoca Brands Japan, in collaboration with Animoca’s subsidiary KLKTN, a digital experience label, has unveiled a strategic partnership with Cool Cats Group, marking a significant move into the Japanese anime market within the Web3 space.Photo by Yu Kato on UnsplashConquering the Japanese anime marketAs part of this strategic venture which was announced on Tuesday, Animoca Brands Japan has acquired equity shares in Cool Cats Group. Cool Cats is a U.S.-headquartered global character brand. It entails Cool Cats and Cool Pets NFT collections, notable for their distinctive and colorful cat designs.In addition to this, Animoca’s digital experience label, KLKTN, has acquired NFTs from all three of Cool Cats’ collections on the secondary market. Notably, this NFT purchase took place through San FranTokyo, KLKTN’s virtual “decentralized city,” which is known for its focus on licensed anime and Web3 intellectual property.Daisuke Iwase, CEO of Animoca Brands Japan, highlighted that the partnership goes beyond business growth. According to Iwase, it is about cultural exchange, understanding and delving into what makes Japan’s digital and artistic realm globally appealing. He emphasized their commitment to creating more opportunities for the Cool Cats IP’s growth through Animoca Brands Japan and San FranTokyo.Accessing Web3 intellectual propertyRobby Yung, CEO of Animoca Brands, expressed his enthusiasm for the partnership, telling The Block that it revolves around building Web3 intellectual property. He emphasized the company’s excitement about collaborating with an iconic Web3 IP holder like Cool Cats to explore the potential of Web3 products and traditional Japanese media products, including manga, to engage the community.The partnership also introduced several strategic initiatives that are set to roll out. One of the key initiatives is the creation of a “Cool Cats Manga,” which will blend the world of Cool Cats with Japan’s renowned manga tradition. This manga will be crafted by a Japanese manga artist, promising a unique fusion of creative elements.Japanese Cool Cats brand expansionAnother significant aspect of the partnership involves expanding the Cool Cats brand within Japan. Animoca Japan and San FranTokyo will work collaboratively to promote the Cool Cats IP through various channels. They are also committed to establishing new connections for Cool Cats with prominent organizations in the Japanese entertainment and intellectual property sectors, enhancing the brand’s presence in the country.The narrative of the Cool Cats IP will be seamlessly integrated into the virtual city of San FranTokyo. This initiative will encompass interactive e-figurine drops and align with the marketing efforts of other iconic Japanese IPs, creating a vibrant digital ecosystem within the city.David Taing, Co-Chief Operating Officer of KLKTN, expressed their dedication to Japanese and Web3 IP, emphasizing the importance of forging a path forward in the Web3 space. They are committed to bringing together diverse worlds, styles, ideas, industries and technology to drive collaboration to new heights, shaping the future of web3.The strategic partnership between Animoca Brands Japan, KLKTN and Cool Cats Group represents a significant step toward embracing Web3 in the Japanese anime market, not just in terms of focusing on business growth but also in aiming to bridge cultures, bringing together the rich traditions of Japanese manga and the innovation of Web3.

Bitget withdraws from Hong Kong crypto marketSeychelles-incorporated cryptocurrency derivatives platform Bitget has made a decision to permanently exit the Hong Kong market, discontinuing its efforts to obtain a virtual asset trading platform (VATP) license.Photo by SHUJA OFFICIAL on UnsplashBitgetX platform shutdownThe decision comes only months after it had introduced its BitgetX platform to comply with local regulations. The company, which bases its operations out of Singapore, is a well-known entity in the crypto space, renowned as the operator of the 12th-largest cryptocurrency exchange globally in terms of 24-hour trading volume. It made this revelation on Monday, citing what it referred to as “business and market-related considerations.”In a published statement, the company said:”With a heavy heart, we regret to inform you that due to business and market related considerations, we have decided not to pursue a Virtual Asset Trading Platform (VATP) license in Hong Kong. As a result of this decision, the BitgetX website (www.BitgetX.hk) will cease its operations effective December 13, 2023. At the same time, Bitgetx.hk will permanently exit the Hong Kong market.”While outlining that BitgetX will close its doors, the firm urged users to withdraw their assets beforehand. Bitget is among a handful of exchanges that had publicly expressed their intent to secure a license following Hong Kong’s proactive push over the course of the past year to embrace the virtual asset sector.Broader challengesThe decision to abandon the pursuit of a VATP license echoes the broader challenges faced by the cryptocurrency industry in Hong Kong. Despite the city’s recent enthusiastic regulatory embrace of the virtual asset sector, a number of stumbling blocks remain.High compliance costs and the lingering aftermath of the JPEX financial scandal have hindered Hong Kong’s aspirations to establish itself as a leading crypto hub. A report back in June identified the major cost implications of acquiring a license in Hong Kong. At the time, it was estimated that the required spend to obtain a VATP license could range from $2.55 million to $25.5 million.Banking crypto companies has also become a major bottleneck. In June, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) urged banks such as HSBC, Standard Chartered and the Bank of China to bank the crypto sector, having identified a reluctance amongst them to do so.Limited interestThe forthcoming closure of BitgetX adds to a growing trend of limited interest in Hong Kong’s new licensing scheme. Only five companies, all local, have submitted applications for virtual asset licenses to the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC). This list began publication in response to the JPEX scandal, which significantly damaged public trust in virtual assets.The challenges faced by the industry go beyond regulatory hurdles. The damaged public trust, coupled with the high-profile exit of JPEX, has contributed to the hesitancy of international crypto platforms in pursuing licenses in Hong Kong. The abrupt withdrawal of Bitget raises questions about the viability of Hong Kong as a central player in the cryptocurrency industry and underscores the complexities faced by exchanges navigating the evolving landscape of the digital asset sector.