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Cronos Labs launches zkEVM chain testnet

Web3 & Enterprise·December 15, 2023, 2:04 AM

Cronos Labs, the developer behind the Cronos blockchain ecosystem, is charting a new path in the blockchain space by launching a zkEVM chain.

 

From Cosmos to Ethereum

The Cronos zkEVM chain is being launched in the first instance as a test network. The layer-2 blockchain will rely upon ZK Stack, the software kit developed by Matter Labs. In this way, the project will be extending its scaling roadmap from Cosmos to Ethereum. As Matter Lab’s SVP of Business and Operations, Marco Cora put it:

“When we introduced the ZK Stack, we opened up the door for anyone wanting to build on top of Ethereum to do so by deploying hyperchains. Whether you’re building a specialized Rollup or a general purpose one, hyperchains allow you to tap into Ethereum’s extensive userbase base and liquidity while preserving its robust security and decentralization.”

The journey began with the creation of the first chain in the Cronos ecosystem — a Cosmos appchain developed in collaboration with Singapore-headquartered crypto platform Crypto.com and launched in 2021. Subsequently, Cronos introduced an EVM-compatible chain in 2022, built using the Cosmos SDK. Notably, these new endeavors complement, rather than replace, the earlier established chains.

Photo by Kanchanara on Unsplash

 

The product of collaborative efforts

A significant development in Cronos’ evolution is the introduction of zkEVM, a result of collaborative efforts involving Cronos Labs, Matter Labs and engineering teams from stakeholders Crypto.com and existing dApp developers. The zkEVM testnet is a breakthrough, utilizing Ethereum’s Sepolia testnet and incorporating zkSync’s open-source prover, Boojum — a STARK-based zero-knowledge proof system known for its efficiency in the layer-2 rollup space, with low hardware requirements and fees.

The decision to launch a native Ethereum chain stemmed from challenges in bridging EVM chains and bridging between Cosmos and Ethereum, according to Ken Timsit, Managing Director at Cronos. Timsit emphasized the richness and robustness of the Ethereum developer ecosystem for building DeFi and NFT applications.

 

Native account abstraction

Hyperchains within the ZK Stack share components, including a native bridge to the Ethereum mainnet and zkSync’s trustless bridging mechanism, ensuring assets remain secured by Ethereum. The implementation of zkSync’s native account abstraction allows transaction fee payments in various cryptocurrencies, including Cronos’ native token (CRO).

Cronos’ zkEVM is anticipated to progress to the mainnet in the second quarter of 2024, marking a pivotal moment in the evolution of hyperchains.

The landscape of hyperchains is expanding, with projects like GRVT and Tradable utilizing the ZK Stack. GRVT, a derivatives exchange, and Tradable, a tech firm focused on bringing private credit on-chain, exemplify the diversity and specialization within this emerging sector. Tradable aims to establish an institutional-focused hyperchain, potentially forming a decentralized chain alongside other institutional partners.

Matter Labs views the zkSync hyperchain as a superior option compared to app-specific chains in Cosmos, emphasizing the scalability and security benefits. Hyperchains, a potential alternative to private blockchain frameworks like Hyperledger or Corda, offer technical scalability with the benefits of Ethereum. However, practical scalability remains a challenge due to cost considerations and the social coordination problem.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Oct 13, 2023

Indonesian Food Industry Conglomerate Embraces Blockchain Tech

Indonesian Food Industry Conglomerate Embraces Blockchain TechIndonesia’s ID Food, a prominent state-owned food industry holding company, is embracing blockchain technology to revolutionize its fisheries operations.Photo by R Eris Prayatama on UnsplashD3 Labs CollaborationIn a strategic collaboration with Singapore-headquartered D3 Labs, a blockchain-based fintech startup, ID Food is set to usher in a new digitized fish trading process. The move leverages the power of blockchain to enhance traceability and transparency throughout the value chain while adhering to stringent fishing standards.With the backing and support of PT Perikanan Indonesia, a subsidiary specializing in the fisheries sector, ID Food will harness D3 Labs’ innovative blockchain-based solution to create a real-time fish exchange platform known as the Indonesia Fishery eXchange (IFX).Indonesia Fishery eXchange (IFX)IFX promises an array of advantages, including transparent stock monitoring and auctions, the facilitation of digital payments for seamless transactions, robust Know Your Customer (KYC) measures, and stringent account management protocols to safeguard against fictitious buyers.Furthermore, it will integrate seamlessly with digital sales markets abroad. The recent collaboration was signed by ID Food and D3 Labs in the presence of fisheries industry stakeholders from 29 countries earlier this month.Dirgayuza Setiawan, the Director of Development and Business Control at ID Food, expressed enthusiasm for the collaboration, noting the positive implications it holds for fishermen, producers, and consumers. He stated:“We recognize the importance of sustainability in the fisheries industry, especially in Indonesia, which is one of the world’s largest fish producers. In addition to improving efficiency and transparency, the use of blockchain technology can enhance productivity, the well-being of our fishing partners, and sustainability in the fisheries sector.”He added that the collaboration with D3 Labs is a commitment to drive innovation in the fisheries industry, with the goal of improving efficiency, productivity, well-being, and sustainability in this sector.Trian Yunanda, Indonesia’s Secretary of the Directorate General of Wild-Catch Fisheries at the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, praised the partnership as a pivotal step towards building a robust fisheries ecosystem for the future. With blockchain technology at its core, this collaboration is aiming to revolutionize Indonesia’s fisheries industry, fortifying its position as a global leader in responsible and efficient fish trade.ID Food, the corporate brand of the state-owned food giant PT Rajawali Nusantara Indonesia (Persero), boasts a diversified portfolio spanning agriculture, livestock, fisheries, and trade and logistics.Indonesia’s digital rupiahThis is not D3 Labs’ first Indonesian blockchain-related collaboration. In August, the Singaporean blockchain technology firm partnered with the Indonesian Blockchain Association with the objective of supporting the first phase of development of Indonesia’s digital rupiah.The initiative, titled Project Garuda, is being overseen by Bank Indonesia, the Southeast Asian country’s central bank. While cryptocurrency is not deemed to be legal tender in Indonesia and is not permitted for use when it comes to payments for goods and services, the Indonesian authorities permit trading of digital assets. In June, the Indonesian government published a document that set out a list of cryptocurrencies which are eligible for trading within the country.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Sep 26, 2023

GroundX to Bring NFT Activities to 2023 Seoul Light Hangang Bitseom Festival

GroundX to Bring NFT Activities to 2023 Seoul Light Hangang Bitseom FestivalGroundX, the blockchain subsidiary of South Korean conglomerate Kakao, said Tuesday that it will host NFT-related activities at Seoul’s largest laser art festival, the 2023 Seoul Light Hangang Bitseom Festival, from October 6 to 15 in collaboration with the Seoul Metropolitan Government and other affiliates like LG Uplus and the Seoul Foundation for Arts and Culture.Photo by Wes Hicks on UnsplashMerging physical activity, learning, and artThe activities will fall under the theme of “3L”: Light Run, Laser Art, and Lecture. Light Run is a four-kilometer running course scheduled for October 6 and 14, for which GroundX will mint NFT certificates for participants who complete the course. The NFTs will contain information about the participant, as well as the date of the event and a record of completion. They will then automatically be sent to and stored in the participant’s Klip wallet, GroundX’s digital wallet service, and can be accessed at any time on the Klip app and KakaoTalk Wallet.GroundX said that it will also showcase digital artworks by eight artists, including Kim Duk-ki, Han Seung-ku, and Berry Kim. These works will be displayed on LED platforms installed at the Banpo and Ichon Hangang Parks.Kim Tae-keun, Head of Business at GroundX, is set to participate as a lecturer for the Bitseom Lecture segment on October 8, where he will discuss NFT art and the company’s vision for the media art industry. Bitseom Lecture is an outdoor art convergence lecture program that introduces immersive media artworks and technology in virtual reality (VR) and extended reality (XR).Bringing the NFT experience to Seoul“We hope that citizens visiting the Bitseom Festival will be able to get the real NFT experience through our media art displays, lectures, and running course completion certificates,” GroundX said. “We will continue to collaborate with various organizations and create NFT use cases through participation in offline festivals and events.”

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Jul 13, 2023

Suspected Malicious Activity Drains AnySwap Tokens via Multichain Executor

Suspected Malicious Activity Drains AnySwap Tokens via Multichain ExecutorAccording to an on-chain sleuth known as Spreek, a person is using the Multichain Executor to drain tokens associated with the AnySwap bridging protocol.Multichain is a cross-chain routing network, established and maintained by a Chinese developer team. It supports in excess of 25 blockchains and more than 1,100 tokens.Photo by Marek Piwnicki on Unsplash$100 million outflowThis revelation comes after abnormal outflows of over $100 million from Multichain bridges on July 7, which were flagged by the Multichain team. Spreek’s report via Twitter on July 10 states that the Multichain Executor address has been draining anyToken addresses across multiple chains and transferring them to a new externally owned account (EOA).Evidence provided in the report includes an Ethereum transaction, 0x53ede4462d90978b992b0a88727de19afe4e96f0374aa1a221b8ff65fda5a6fe, which called the “anySwapFeeTo” method on the Multichain Router: V4 contract. This transaction resulted in approximately $15,275.90 worth of anyDAI being minted on Ethereum, sent to the Multichain Executor, burned, and exchanged for the underlying DAI backing the asset.The funds from these transactions were sent to the following address:0x1eed63efba5f81d95bfe37d82c8e736b974f477b. Similarly, on the BNB Smart Chain (BSC), the Multichain Executor used the anySwapFeeTo function to convert $208,997 worth of anyUSDC into Binance-pegged USDC and sent them to the same address. Additionally, 50.80 anyBTC, equivalent to $39,251.43 at the time, was converted into Binance-pegged Bitcoin and sent to the address.In total, approximately $263,524.33 worth of tokens were sent to this address through the anySwapFeeTo method. Spreek suggests that this behavior could be part of the protocol’s normal functioning. However, a different account engaged in similar activity the day before and ultimately sold the drained tokens, indicating malicious intent.Potential exploitSpreek theorizes that the attacker may be exploiting the anySwapFeeTo function by setting fees to an arbitrarily large amount, allowing them to drain users’ funds. The function apparently permits setting any value, enabling the address to choose the total value of the token held in that anyToken.The Multichain incident has puzzled blockchain analysts, as it remains unclear whether it resulted from an exploit or if it was simply large token-holders moving their funds between networks. The mystery began on July 7 when over $100 million worth of tokens were withdrawn from the Ethereum side of Multichain’s bridges and transferred to wallet addresses with no prior transactions. This represented the majority of funds held on each bridge.Hack or rug pullThe Multichain team labeled these withdrawals as “abnormal” and advised users to stop using the protocol. However, they have not disclosed the source or nature of the anomaly. In response to the incident, stablecoin issuers Circle and Tether froze some of the addresses involved in the suspicious transactions. Chainanalysis, a blockchain analytics firm, has commented that the incident appears more like a hack or rug pull rather than a migration.Adding to the complexity, the Multichain team has reported that their CEO is missing, and they have shut down certain bridges due to losing access to some of the network’s multi-party computation network servers. There have been various concerns relative to Multichain since May. The situation continues to evolve, with ongoing investigations and efforts to mitigate any potential damage caused by the suspected malicious activity.

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