CarrieVerse token CVTX listed on Bitget

Bank of Japan Publishes Results of CBDC PoCThe Bank of Japan (BoJ) recently concluded the second phase of its central bank digital currency (CBDC) proof of concept (PoC) project, which began in April. The results of this phase were published on Monday, and they shed light on key aspects such as the comparison between account-based and token-based CBDCs and the management of holding limits for users with multiple accounts.Photo by Manuel Cosentino on UnsplashToken-based CBDCsThe experiments conducted by the central bank covered a wide range of topics. Among the most intriguing findings were the advantages and disadvantages of token-based CBDCs and how to effectively impose holding limits for users with multiple CBDC balances.Token-based CBDCs have garnered interest from various central banks, with some adopting the UTXO token model used by Bitcoin without the use of a distributed ledger. A UTXO or unspent transaction output, defines where a blockchain transaction starts and finishes. The Bank of Japan explored this model and analyzed its pros and cons.In the initial proof of concept, both account-based and token-based CBDCs were examined, considering scenarios where the central bank managed the ledger or shared it with intermediaries like banks. In the token-based model, fixed token denominations were used, similar to physical cash in countries like India, and a centralized ledger was employed. However, in the recent phase, the central bank utilized flexible value tokens similar to UTXO and shared ledger functions with intermediaries.The Bank of Japan favored the flexible value token model due to its ability to handle multiple requests simultaneously. However, it acknowledged that this model may require more technical resources compared to the account-based approach. Challenges may arise when implementing additional functions, such as holding limits, while maintaining optimal performance. The European Central Bank (ECB) also noted in a recent report that most payment providers are accustomed to account-based payments and would incur costs to adapt to token-based systems.Another significant aspect explored by the BoJ was how to impose holding limits when users have multiple CBDC balances through different intermediaries. The challenge lies in determining if the overall holding limit has been breached without compromising user privacy.Homomorphic encryptionOne possible solution discussed in the report is the use of homomorphic encryption, which enables computations to be performed on encrypted data without it first needing to be decrypted. That allows for the necessary checks without intermediaries accessing the specific data being checked. Although this solution may slightly increase processing time, it could introduce a higher risk of data inconsistencies.Alternatively, a simpler approach proposed by the central bank is to establish a per-account holding limit and a limit on the number of accounts a single user can hold, rather than imposing global limits. Ideally, users with multiple accounts would have a higher per-account holding limit compared to those with fewer accounts.Phase 3 underwayWith the next pilot phase already underway, the BoJ aims to test the end-to-end process flow and identify challenges related to integrating with external systems. Additionally, they are creating a CBDC Forum to gather input from the private sector, ensuring a collaborative approach to CBDC development.While investigation and research into CBDCs continues, the BoJ has said that it will make a final decision on CBDC implementation by 2026.

Leading crypto exchange platform OKX has recently unveiled its plans to enhance its marketplace by incorporating Atomicals (ARC-20), Runes, Stamps (SRC-20) and Dogecoin’s Doginals (DRC-20) into its Web3 wallet. ‘First-to-market’ initiativeTaking to social media on Monday, the firm provided further details regarding the additions, outlining that it is part of a "first-to-market" initiative, solidifying OKX's commitment to the expanding realm of Bitcoin NFTs. The integration of these token standards is aimed at positioning OKX as a leading one-stop NFT ecosystem within Web3. Starting with the integration of Stamps on Feb. 5, OKX Wallet users will gain the ability to view and transfer Bitcoin token standards. Subsequently, in late February, OKX Wallet will extend its support to Atomicals, Doginals and Runes, enabling millions of users to engage in buying and selling these NFTs without incurring any trading fees. OKX Marketplace will also follow suit, integrating DRC-20, ARC-20 and Runes standards in late February, thus broadening the scope for users to participate in zero-fee trading.Photo by Shubham's Web3 on UnsplashDriving mainstream adoption of Web3Jason Lau, chief innovation officer at OKX, underscored the platform's dedication to driving mainstream adoption of Web3 technologies, making the exploration and realization of NFT potential more accessible for users. Despite concerns about potential blockchain congestion due to NFTs, Lau characterized these challenges as "growing pains," expressing confidence that they will be addressed over time. Lau told CoinDesk that “these things will last forever, as long as the chain lasts.” Emphasizing the surge in activity and user growth since the launch of their product, Lau positioned OKX as an evolving platform at the forefront of developing tools for users to access all of Web3. OKX Wallet's inscriptions tool presently supports minting on 23 networks, including Bitcoin, Dogecoin, Ethereum, Polygon, BNB Chain, Avalanche-C and Arbitrum One, among others. Boosting OKX MarketplaceThe move aims to establish OKX Marketplace as the largest NFT marketplace in the industry, boasting zero-fee trading across an expanding range of token standards. The platform's advanced NFT offering includes features such as hex error checking, liquidity across multiple standards, bulk minting capabilities and automatic error detection. Despite OKX's open embrace of Ordinals and other Bitcoin protocols, some members of the Bitcoin ecosystem express discontent, labeling Ordinals as digital spam. Jason Lau vehemently disagrees, asserting that in open and permissionless networks like Bitcoin, "there is no such thing as spam." He contends that as long as fees are paid and transactions adhere to consensus rules, they are valid. Lau emphasizes OKX's historical support for the Bitcoin ecosystem, including upgrades like SegWit, Taproot and Lightning. As debates surrounding the role of Ordinals and NFTs within the Bitcoin ecosystem persist, OKX's proactive stance signals a belief in the potential of Bitcoin-based NFTs to introduce innovative use cases and design possibilities. The disruptions experienced by various blockchains in December, attributed to increased transaction activity related to inscriptions, underscore the growing impact of these developments within the Bitcoin ecosystem and the broader crypto landscape. 

China’s leading science foundation has initiated a research program to examine the effects of stablecoins, reflecting concerns that such digital currencies could pose a risk to the nation’s financial system and its fiat currency. According to the South China Morning Post, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) is now offering grants for studies focused on stablecoins and the creation of cross-border monitoring frameworks. The foundation expressed that the unmonitored circulation of private stablecoins, particularly those pegged to the U.S. dollar, could weaken capital controls and present a potential challenge to the yuan. This initiative emerges as governments around the world, from the U.S. to regional financial centers, are actively developing rules for the digital asset sector.Photo by  Christian Lue on UnsplashStrategic research and internal debateThe NSFC will fund the projects with grants valued between 200,000 and 300,000 yuan ($28,042 to $42,063). Researchers are expected to complete their work within a year and deliver policy recommendations on how China can manage the challenges posed by global stablecoins and contribute to digital finance governance. The deadline for applications is Oct. 9. This research program is set against a backdrop of internal discussion in China regarding the possible launch of a yuan-backed stablecoin. While some economists support the idea of boosting the yuan's international profile, Bloomberg noted that former central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan has advised caution. He recently said the high efficiency of China's current payment systems and warned that financial stability could be threatened by speculation in the stablecoin market. Analysts believe any state-sanctioned yuan stablecoin would likely be confined to offshore markets and tied to the offshore CNH. Global regulatory landscapeChina’s examination of stablecoins is part of a broader global trend of increased regulatory focus on the asset class. In Hong Kong, a new ordinance took effect on Aug. 1, creating a mandatory licensing system for stablecoin issuers under the oversight of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority. Other Asian nations are also taking action. South Korea’s government is reportedly exploring a model for a won-pegged stablecoin involving a consortium of banks and non-bank entities. Separately, Cointelegraph reported that Kyrgyzstan has introduced legislation outlining a regulatory framework for such assets. Developments are also accelerating in the U.S., where the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act was signed into law, creating a federal structure for stablecoin oversight. On a commercial level, a Minnesota-based credit union, St. Cloud Financial, intends to introduce its own stablecoin later this year, a move highlighted by Cointelegraph. This token, named Cloud Dollar (CLDUSD), is designed to integrate with the credit union's banking system to facilitate faster and cheaper transactions for its members within a regulated environment.