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In a statement published to Vietnam.vn on Oct. 23, a website run by the Office of Foreign Information Service under Vietnam’s Ministry of Information and Communications, Vietnam revealed its official National Blockchain Strategy. Key objectives In announcing its National Blockchain Strategy, the Vietnamese government articulated several key objectives that it feels will lead to Vietnam eventually taking a leadership role in blockchain development within the region.  These key objectives include an emphasis on research relative to the further roll-out of blockchain innovation. The Vietnamese authorities intend to promote blockchain research, innovation and international cooperation. Another specific action area has been identified as perfecting the legal environment with respect to blockchain development.  The development of infrastructure has been cited as a key objective, with the Ministry proposing that this should incorporate the formation of a blockchain industrial ecosystem. Additionally, the statement highlighted the need to focus on developing human resources in respect of blockchain, while also pointing to an overall need to promote blockchain development generally and the application of the technology. A number of branches of the Vietnamese government have been tasked with achieving these key objectives, including the Government Cipher Committee, the Ministry of Education and Training, the Ministry of Science and Technology, as well as the Ministry of Information and Communications.Photo by Hugo Heimendinger on PexelsPositive reaction The plan has been broadly welcomed by Vietnam-based crypto stakeholders. Jenny Nguyen, Chief Operating Officer (COO) of Ho Chi Minh City-based crypto venture fund Kyros Ventures, suggested the development was bullish. She wrote: “This is the most bullish policy on blockchain from the Vietnam Government in history, which not only acknowledges the importance of blockchain, but also defines clear expectations for the development of this technology sector in the years to come.“ Nguyen also pointed out that regulations on digital assets are currently being discussed within Vietnam’s National Assembly, with legislators working towards a 2025 completion date. On the basis of these two developments, she believes that “the future for blockchain and crypto in Vietnam is looking brighter and brighter day by day.” KardiaChain, a hybrid blockchain infrastructure provider to governments in Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries, outlined on social media that it had been a key contributor in shaping the strategy. The project believes that the strategy “will enable us as builders more opportunities to impact the country's blockchain development, and further accomplish our mission of mass adoption that we set out on day one.” Laura Nguyen, head of Vietnam at Ava Labs, said that the strategy was forward-thinking and that consequently Vietnam is “primed to become a blockchain powerhouse, pushing the boundaries of technological innovation and fostering global collaboration.” As part of the strategy, the Vietnamese government plans to bring about the development of 20 blockchain brands for platforms, products and services. Additionally, the strategy aims to put in place three testing centers located in major Vietnamese urban centers as part of an effort to create a national blockchain network. 

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is updating its tax policy such that cryptocurrency-related transfers and conversions will be exempt from value-added tax (VAT).  News of the policy change emerged via the UAE’s Federal Tax Authority (FTA), which published an Arabic version of the updated tax code on Oct. 2, followed by the publication of an English version on Oct. 4.Photo by Darcey Beau on UnsplashExemption backdated to 2018British multinational consulting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) published a review of the UAE tax code update on Oct. 4. The auditing firm noted that virtual assets are defined within the UAE tax code as a “representation of value that can be digitally traded or converted and can be used for investment purposes.”It noted that Article 42 of the update dealt with the crypto VAT exemption. The firm suggested that entities dealing with crypto should “analyze the impact of the exemption on their (retrospective) VAT position, especially in respect to their input tax recovery,” adding that voluntary disclosures may be required to correct previous tax returns. Additionally, a VAT exemption has been introduced on services extended to fund managers relative to licensed funds. Younis Haji Al Khoori, a UAE Ministry of Finance official, stated that the amendments have been made with a view towards easing the burden on businesses. He stated:“These amendments help minimise misunderstandings, simplify procedures, and ultimately contribute to an improved quality of life for all.”  Crypto-friendlyAbdulla Al Dhaheri, CEO of the Blockchain Center in Abu Dhabi, commented on the development on X, stating:”The UAE, driven by visionary leadership, continues to set the global standard by becoming the number 1 destination for blockchain innovation. With the elimination of VAT on crypto transfers and conversions, the UAE reinforce their commitment to building a world-leading digital economy, attracting the best talent and investment from around the globe.” The UAE, and particularly Dubai and Abu Dhabi, have taken great strides forward in ensuring regulatory clarity for the virtual assets sector over the course of the past two years. Regulatory frameworks have been put in place, leading to many participants in the crypto sector praising the regulatory stance taken within the UAE.  This latest addition has equally being welcomed within the crypto sector. Many crypto sector participants have highlighted it as a wake-up call for other jurisdictions to follow suit or see crypto enterprises move to the UAE.  The Indian authorities, in particular, have an unfavorable tax policy in place relative to digital assets, with a 1% tax deducted at source (TDS) being applied. This latest development in the UAE prompted some to consider if India would learn from the UAE’s example. Earlier this year, the Indonesian tax framework, which subjects crypto assets to both income tax and VAT, was cited as the main reason for a slump in crypto trading. A recently published report by blockchain data platform Chainalysis found that the Middle East & North Africa (MENA) region accounts for 7.5% of crypto trading volume, with the report noting that the UAE, alongside Saudi Arabia, is showing a strong interest in decentralized platforms.

Hong Kong’s Bricks-and-Mortar Crypto Shops Attract Chinese VisitorsHong Kong has become a thriving destination for cryptocurrency enthusiasts, particularly mainland Chinese visitors, due to the ambiguity surrounding the regulatory status of these crypto shops.Despite the illegality of cryptocurrency transactions on the mainland and the ban on overseas exchanges serving onshore clients, Hong Kong allows legal crypto trading, and according to a recent report published by the Financial Times, the autonomous Chinese territory is being accessed by residents of the Chinese mainland for the purpose of trading crypto.Photo by Chapman Chow on UnsplashSurging demandBricks-and-mortar crypto shops, lightly regulated and scattered across the city’s popular tourism and shopping districts, have flourished thanks to the surging demand from mainland Chinese visitors. These stores offer customers the convenience of purchasing digital assets with cash, often without the need to disclose the source of funds or personal information.In contrast to the strict licensing requirements imposed on online exchanges in Hong Kong’s push to become a virtual assets trading hub, these over-the-counter (OTC) crypto stores provide customers with the opportunity to buy large volumes of cryptocurrencies with minimal or no verification checks.Before the border between China and Hong Kong reopened fully in February, mainland Chinese customers accounted for less than 5% of customers at Crypto HK, an OTC crypto outfit with two branches in the city. However, this figure has now increased significantly, making up around half of their customer base.Similarly, One Satoshi, a crypto store with nine branches in Hong Kong, reported trading volumes between January and May 2023 that were 20–25% higher than the same period the previous year. They anticipate a 35–40% increase in trading for the entire year.While some store owners, like Roger Li of One Satoshi, currently decline mainland Chinese customers due to Beijing’s crypto ban, they remain optimistic that restrictions will ease. This belief is prevalent among the crypto community in Hong Kong following the city’s announcement to become a virtual assets hub in October.Regulatory anomalyHong Kong introduced a new regulatory framework for cryptocurrency exchanges in June, requiring all online platforms operating in the city to apply for a license. However, most OTC stores still operate outside the purview of Hong Kong’s Securities and Futures Commission (SFC), presenting an area of further consideration for the government.OTC stores primarily serve as a simple way for users to convert money to and from unlicensed online exchanges, according to Carlton Lai, head of blockchain research at Daiwa Capital Markets. Hong Kong’s lenient regulations and ease of starting such businesses, as long as there is sufficient capital, contribute to the higher number of OTC stores compared to other locations.While some shops welcome increased regulation in the sector, others do not require customers to provide identification, promoting quick and anonymous transactions. However, this falls short of the investor protection measures mandated for online platforms seeking licenses to trade cryptocurrencies to retail clients.The lack of scrutiny faced by Hong Kong’s OTC shops, coupled with their proximity to mainland China — a market that ranked fourth globally for crypto trading in 2022 — makes them appealing to Chinese citizens still interested in the asset class.