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RBI Governor: No place for ‘crypto mania’ in India despite U.S. ETF approval

Policy & Regulation·January 13, 2024, 10:54 AM

At the 16th Mint Annual BFSI Summit and Awards in Mumbai, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) governor Shaktikanta Das reiterated the central bank's cautious stance on cryptocurrencies, regardless of recent global developments.

 

During the event, which was held on Thursday, Das took to the stage. He was asked if the approval of spot bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in the United States gives legitimacy to cryptocurrency.

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Unwavering response

Das was unwavering in his response, maintaining that the RBI remains steadfast in its approach and opposition to cryptocurrencies. He stated:

 

"The way we look at crypto remains unchanged, irrespective of who does what." 

 

He emphasized that the RBI does not intend to emulate regulatory decisions made by other countries. Despite this global development, Das maintained the RBI's reservations, expressing concerns about the potential risks associated with venturing further into the cryptocurrency space.

 

Favoring a crypto ban

Last month, officials from the Indian central bank told the Hindustan Times that the RBI believes that the Indian government should impose an outright ban on cryptocurrencies in India. One unnamed official stated:

"The government cannot sidestep the RBI’s concerns while deciding on cryptocurrencies, as it is responsible for monetary stability in India and maintains price stability."

 

Das acknowledged the potential of blockchain technology, the foundation of cryptocurrencies, highlighting its versatility for various applications. Both the central bank and the Indian government have encouraged the development of blockchain rather than crypto. Last year, an RBI-led initiative, the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), recruited blockchain expertise to further develop that project.

 

However, he made it clear that the RBI's focus remains on strengthening governance and assurance in regulated entities, with an emphasis on early identification, close monitoring and effective management of risks.

 

Citing ‘Tulipmania’

Das cautioned against a “crypto mania,” drawing parallels to the historical tulipmania of the 17th century. He underscored the RBI's position that embracing cryptocurrencies could pose significant risks, echoing his previous warnings about the macroeconomic and financial stability risks associated with these digital assets.

 

The governor emphasized the importance of instilling an appropriate risk culture within organizations, with active involvement from the board and senior management. Das stated that the RBI expects top officials and board members to play a more proactive role in risk management.

 

India’s crypto community responded critically to the RBI governor’s comments. Ajeet Khurana, a Web3 growth investor, responded on social media, stating:

”Dear RBI governor, I respect you a lot, and I don’t mind that you don’t like Crypto. Diverse points of view are healthy. Yet, using words like 'tulip mania' only gives the impression that you are out of touch with what is happening in Web3. My request, Sir, is that you update yourself.”

 

Vivek Sen, the founder of Bitgrow Lab, wrote:

”Dear RBI, First, don't club Bitcoin with ‘Crypto’. Secondly, Tulips did not experience an 80% drop on four occasions, and they recovered each time.”

Despite opposition to cryptocurrencies in official circles in India, a report last year produced by Chainalysis found that India is leading the way in Asia in terms of grassroots adoption of cryptocurrencies.

 

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Policy & Regulation·

Nov 03, 2023

Hong Kong unveils comprehensive tokenization regulations

Hong Kong unveils comprehensive tokenization regulationsChristopher Hui, Hong Kong’s Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury, shared a roadmap for upcoming regulations within the tokenization sector during his address at the Hong Kong Fintech Week 2023.Photo by Simon Zhu on UnsplashJPEX no hindrance to Web3 growthHui’s announcement at the event on Thursday comes on the heels of the JPEX scandal, a Dubai-based crypto exchange that collapsed amid allegations of having defrauded Hong Kong-based platform users. Hui emphatically stated that the JPEX incident would not deter Hong Kong’s commitment to expanding the Web3 market. Hui stated:“We’ve been asked many times whether JPEX will affect our determination to grow the Web3 market — the answer is a clear ‘no.’”In June, Hong Kong implemented new regulations for cryptocurrency exchanges, opening up locally regulated crypto trading services to retail customers via virtual asset service providers (VASPs). However, the majority of the forthcoming regulatory efforts will extend beyond the crypto sector, focusing on areas such as token issuance, wallets and other related components.Regulatory impact on TradFi and DeFiHui indicated the intention to expand virtual asset regulations, suggesting a potential impact on decentralized finance (DeFi). The planned regulations within the tokenization domain are poised to influence not only the crypto industry but also traditional finance (TradFi).These regulations include the issuance of a circular concerning intermediaries engaging in tokenized securities. Additionally, they entail a circular regarding the tokenization of Securities and Futures Commission (SFC)-authorized investment products. Lastly, they’re inclusive of consultations with banks on digital asset custody services with the involvement of the banking regulator. Furthermore, a joint consultation on stablecoin regulations will be issued by the Treasury and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA).Focus on positive impact of tokenizationEddie Yue, CEO of the HKMA, echoed Hui’s sentiments by discussing the positive impact of tokenization. He anticipates that tokenization will fuel the adoption of blockchain payments, particularly involving stablecoins and tokenized deposits. Yue believes that central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) will serve as the foundation and a crucial element for achieving interoperability within this ecosystem.He emphasized the need to tackle crucial questions, such as the legal definitions of tokenized securities and whether Delivery versus Payment (DvP) can be successfully implemented for tokenized securities. Additionally, Yue pointed out the intricate legal considerations and interoperability challenges that are currently being discussed within the central bank community.First tokenized green bond issuanceYue also highlighted Hong Kong’s first-of-its-kind issuance of tokenized green bonds in February and revealed that discussions with the industry are already underway for the next bond.“We, ourselves, assisted the government to issue the world’s first-ever tokenized government green bond earlier this year in order to demonstrate the compatibility of Hong Kong’s legal and regulatory environment with this very new issuance format,” he stated. However, despite the promising outlook, Yue remained grounded on the subject, acknowledging the significant challenges in the tokenization landscape.In a related development, HSBC recently disclosed that it is conducting experiments with tokenized deposits in collaboration with Ant Group as part of the HKMA sandbox.

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Policy & Regulation·

Jun 08, 2024

Turkey considers limited tax on crypto transactions, not profits

Turkey has decided not to tax profits from stocks and cryptocurrencies but is considering implementing a “very limited” tax on transactions, according to Treasury and Finance Minister Mehmet Şimşek. In a recent interview in Ankara, Şimşek stated the government's intention to ensure every financial sector contributes to the national revenue without specifying the size of the potential tax. He emphasized that the approach aims to enhance fairness and effectiveness in the taxation system. Historically, in 2008, Turkey lowered its tax rate on stock market profits from 10% to 0%, promoting investment in the stock market. Despite earlier reports from Bloomberg suggesting new taxes on gains from stock and cryptocurrency trading, the government has clarified its position to only consider transactional taxes.Photo by Engin Yapici on UnsplashCrypto tax regulationsCurrently, Turkey lacks specific regulations for taxing cryptocurrencies but is actively working to establish a comprehensive legal framework for digital assets. A bill introduced by Turkey’s ruling party on May 16 mandates crypto businesses to obtain licenses and adhere to international standards. This includes regulation by capital markets boards and mandatory revenue collection from crypto service providers. The bill also aims to ban foreign crypto brokers, fostering a locally regulated ecosystem and addressing concerns from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) to remove Turkey from its "gray list." According to a report by Chainalysis, a blockchain analytics firm, Turkey ranks fourth globally in cryptocurrency market activity, with an estimated trading volume of $170 billion between July 2022 and June 2023, surpassing countries like Russia, Canada and Germany. Since 2021, Turkish regulations have prohibited the use of cryptocurrencies for payments, reflecting a cautious approach towards the integration of digital assets into the financial system.   

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Policy & Regulation·

Sep 09, 2025

South Korea to mandate disclosure of crypto funds in home purchases

South Korean authorities will require homebuyers to disclose funds originating from cryptocurrency sales, a move aimed at increasing transparency in the nation's tight real estate market. The new rule is part of a wider government effort to address housing affordability, which is particularly pronounced in Seoul, and to integrate digital assets into its regulatory framework. The change, announced on Sept. 7 as part of new housing supply measures, will alter the mandatory funding plan submitted during property transactions. Proceeds from digital assets will be listed as a distinct category, similar to funds from stocks or bonds. Officials are also expanding loan disclosure requirements to include business loans and overseas borrowing, closing potential financing loopholes.Photo by Traxer on UnsplashImpact of asset volatility on property valuesThe policy follows growing evidence that volatility in assets like cryptocurrency can spill over into the property market. A 2024 study cited by Maeil Business Newspaper highlighted that both the COVID-era stock rally and Bitcoin's 2023 price surge had a discernible impact on housing values. According to Yu Jung-suk, a professor at Dankook University, apartments in Seoul's affluent Gangnam district are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in Bitcoin and the KOSDAQ index. He noted that high-profile property acquisitions by young crypto investors, even if few in number, can significantly sway market sentiment. Professor Yu suggested that regulators may need more comprehensive tools to manage the risks connecting different asset classes. The government's new measures also seek to cool the capital's housing market, where prices have continued to rise despite a slowdown in growth. In contrast, prices in areas outside Seoul have been declining since 2022. To address the supply-demand imbalance, officials plan to begin construction of 1.35 million new homes in the Seoul metropolitan area between 2026 and 2030. Stablecoin regulation and CBDC trials advanceBeyond real estate, officials are developing a formal regulatory structure for stablecoins. The Presidential Commission on Policy Planning is reportedly considering a model where a consortium of banks and fintech firms would be granted rights to issue a won-pegged stablecoin. Supervision for this new system would fall to a proposed Financial Stability Council, a body intended to serve as a central coordinator for financial policy, comprising the finance ministry, the Bank of Korea, and other regulators. The initiative aims to combine the stability of the traditional banking sector with the innovation of non-bank financial companies. The evolving regulatory environment is attracting attention from global industry leaders. Executives from Tether, the issuer of the USDT stablecoin, met with Shinhan Financial Group CEO Jin Ok-dong in Seoul on Sept. 8. While Tether representatives stated they were monitoring the regulatory climate, they confirmed no specific business plans were discussed. Separately, the Bank of Korea is moving forward with digital currency experiments. In partnership with government agencies and six major commercial banks, the central bank will launch a pilot program to test the use of a digital currency for distributing state subsidies and vouchers. 

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