STELSI and Young Architects Forum Korea to host 38th Young Architects Forum in Seoul next week

Japan's Financial Services Agency (FSA) is proposing new legislation in an effort to prevent the assets of Japanese investors held on crypto exchanges from being transferred overseas. According to local news outlet Jiji Press, the Japanese regulator recently put forward the idea of drafting such a bill. It’s thought that the move suggests that the Japanese regulators have learned from the collapses of cryptocurrency exchanges Mt. Gox and FTX. Photo by Jaison Lin on UnsplashLearning from past failuresWhile Japan already had a higher standard of regulation in place prior to the FTX collapse, likely as a consequence of the authorities having experienced the downfall of Mt. Gox in February 2014, there is still room for improvement.  While funds had been ring-fenced for FTX Japan users, those who accessed services advertised in Japan through the FTX app were deemed to have been accessing a service which fell under an international jurisdiction, denying them the same protections otherwise offered to FTX Japan platform users as a consequence of the regulations that had been put in place. Incorporating a holding orderJapanese media outlet Nikkei described this latest move by the Japanese FSA as follows: “The Financial Services Agency is moving towards creating a new ‘holding order’ in the Payment Services Act, which regulates cryptocurrency exchanges, that will order them not to take domestic assets entrusted to them by customers overseas.” Consequently, the regulator is looking to add this as the latest proposed amendment to the Payment Services Act. Back in September it emerged that amendments to that existing legislation were being looked at with a view towards making it easier for businesses to incorporate digital assets into their service offerings. The regulator has also been mulling over the reclassification of crypto as a financial instrument by amending the Payment Services Act accordingly. Additionally, a more generous tax policy is being proposed. Currently, the Japanese authorities impose a tax rate of up to 55% on cryptocurrency-related revenues. Corporate holders of digital assets have to apply a 30% tax rate, irrespective of income or profits. With that, a 20% tax rate is being considered. The matter became a political issue prior to the East Asian nation’s recent elections, with the leader of the Democratic Party for the People (DPP) backing the application of a 20% crypto tax rate. The application of a holding order has applied previously to companies that have been registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act. This proposed amendment would see it applied to virtual asset trading platforms as part of the Payment Services Act. Guarding against bankruptcy lossesIf applied, the amendment would prevent loss of Japanese investor funds in circumstances where a crypto exchange platform goes into bankruptcy. Legal precedent set in the FTX bankruptcy in the United States means that if a user’s funds go into a non-individually segregated hot wallet belonging to an exchange, any property rights, even if explicitly outlined in the terms of service, are lost.  A company can make a case to go into bankruptcy in any international jurisdiction, which means that this precedent has potential implications for all market participants. The proposed amendment from the Japanese FSA would serve to protect investors from such an eventuality.

Israel Doubles Down on Blocking Crypto Funding of HamasIn a move to disrupt the flow of funds to Hamas, Israeli authorities have ordered the closure of over 100 cryptocurrency accounts on Binance, the world’s largest crypto exchange.Photo by Leonid Altman on PexelsHeightened monitoring of crypto-related financingIsraeli authorities were already monitoring crypto accounts suspected of terrorism financing before the recent attack by the Palestinian militant group Hamas. Since then, they have requested information about hundreds of accounts on Binance, suggesting that the scale of their actions has grown significantly since October 7.A statement from Israeli police last week outlined that they had frozen crypto accounts related to financing of Hamas. According to a report on Tuesday by the Financial Times (FT), the Israeli authorities have taken matters further still, having closed more than one hundred accounts on Binance.Scrutinizing 200 additional accountsSources cited by the FT as being close to the situation have revealed that these actions were initiated in response to Hamas’s assault on October 7. Authorities have also sought information on approximately 200 additional crypto accounts, with most of them being held on Binance. While Binance has acknowledged blocking a “small number” of accounts since the summer, it emphasized its adherence to internationally recognized sanctions rules and declined to provide further comment.Governments and regulators have long expressed concerns that terrorist organizations might exploit lightly regulated crypto markets for financial transactions. However, the recent attacks on Israel and the subsequent crypto-based fundraising campaigns by Hamas have made these concerns more pressing.Tom Alexandrovich, the Executive Director at the Israel National Cyber Directorate, stated that cryptocurrency has become a major tool for terror financing during these times of conflict. He noted that the amount of crypto funds involved has significantly increased since the start of the attack.Tether freezes accountsTether, the issuer of leading US dollar stablecoin USDT, announced on Monday that it had frozen 32 addresses containing more than $873,000 due to their alleged links to “terrorism and warfare” in Israel and Ukraine. The exact timing of when these accounts were blocked and the distribution of assets between Israel and Ukraine were not disclosed.Notably, US financial regulators previously alleged that money held on Binance had ties to Hamas. A lawsuit by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) in the United States in March claimed that senior Binance executives had knowledge of “Hamas transactions” in 2019. Binance has refuted these allegations and expressed its intent to contest the lawsuit.Commentators within the crypto space fear that opponents of the development of crypto, like US Senator Elizabeth Warren, will try to capitalize on this issue by using the opportunity to further draconian regulation.Over the past two years, Israeli authorities have seized millions of shekels from crypto accounts with suspected ties to Hamas and other militant groups in the Middle East. A recent analysis by Elliptic found that crypto wallets associated with various suspicious Middle East groups have interacted and relied on the same crypto exchange services to convert crypto into sovereign currencies.

OCBC Bank Partners With ADDX to Launch Tokenized NoteSingapore’s longest established bank, OCBC Bank, has partnered with blockchain-centric private market investment platform, ADDX, to launch a tokenized equity-linked structured note.Tokenized equity-based productsThe product is significant in that it represents the first tokenized equity-linked structured note that the cornerstone bank has offered. That in itself gives an indication of how conventional finance will mesh with tokenized products as both the conventional finance system and digital assets space evolve over the coming years.An equity-linked note is a debt instrument, normally in the form of a bond. It’s distinct from a standard fixed income security as it’s a market-linked structured product. That means that it performs in sync with a particular equity stock, a basket of equity stocks or with an equity index.ADDX CEO Oi-Yee Choo elaborated on the product offering: “Structured products are designed to provide investors with unique risk and return characteristics that may not be available through traditional investments, and are an attractive option for investors weighing yield-generating options in the current economic climate.”Photo by Shubham Dhage on UnsplashLeveraging tokenizationBy leveraging tokenization, the ADDX platform realizes cost savings, cutting out counterparties from the process. Additionally, tokenization allows fractionalization of assets and financial products, making a product offering accessible to all market participants. In this particular instance, the OCDC/ADDX product is restricted solely to accredited investors.Singapore-based ADDX currently lists in excess of seventy tokenized products on its platform right now. These range from commercial paper, bonds, real estate and equities or equity-based products.On those products it has collaborated with global alternative investment product specialists Investcorp and Hamilton Lane, telecommunications giant Singtel and securities broker CGS-CIMB Securities. Additionally, it has partnered with UOB, Singapore’s third largest bank, and a number of entities owned by state-owned Singaporean investing giant, Temasek.While the conventional finance world has been skeptical of digital assets and the overarching cryptocurrency and blockchain space has had its fair share of setbacks interlaced within its progression, forward-looking TradFi players are conscious of not getting left behind. That’s reflected in the comments of OCBC Bank’s Head of Global Treasury, Kenneth Lai, in relation to the ADDX partnership:”While we already have a comprehensive stable of treasury products which includes sustainability-linked interest rate swaps, cross currency swaps, structured deposits and green bonds, it is important that we continue to innovate and find new channels for our products. We are therefore pleased to be the first Singapore bank to offer an equity-linked structured note in tokenized form on ADDX. It is the first innovation resulting from a longer-term partnership with ADDX, and we are hopeful that it will lead to more diverse product offerings that are relevant and appealing to the global accredited investor base of ADDX.”Further comments by Choo suggest that the two firms have plans to broaden the partnership to encompass a greater range of products. She referred to more structured products being in the pipeline as the duo seek to exploit their combined expertise and capabilities.As it stands today, just $0.3 trillion in global assets are currently tokenized. That number is expected to grow to $16 trillion within seven years.