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Kazakhstan shuts out 980 non-compliant crypto exchanges in 2023Kazakhstan has implemented stringent measures in 2023 when it comes to regulating the crypto sector, resulting in the closure of 980 crypto exchanges that failed to comply with government regulations.That’s according to a press release published by the Central Asian country’s Financial Monitoring Agency (FMA), the state entity responsible for anti-money laundering (AML) policy. These measures, taken over the course of the year, were highlighted during the 39th Plenary Week of the Eurasian Group (EAG) in the resort city of Sanya, in Hainan province in China.Photo by Kuralbek Djumagaziev on UnsplashCombating money laundering threatsThe seminar served as a platform for participating countries to exchange experiences, with an emphasis on leveraging advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence, to effectively combat emerging threats related to money laundering and terrorist financing. The Kazakhstani delegation played a leading role in discussions on virtual assets.Ruslan Ostroumov, the Head of Kazakhstan’s Financial Monitoring Agency, showcased the country’s legislative regulations and robust measures to combat the illegal turnover of digital assets. Ostroumov reported the blocking of 980 illegal cryptocurrency exchange platforms in the current year. Additionally, nine investigations into illegal exchange operations, amounting to $36.7 million, have been initiated, accompanied by ongoing preventive measures.Registration process complexityWhile the seminar’s organizers commended Kazakhstan for its proactive stance against financial crimes in the virtual assets space, the country’s crypto laws have added complexity to the registration process for exchanges.In November, the Kazakhstani authorities blocked local access to the Coinbase website due to potential violations of the country’s digital asset legislation. This decision aligned with the law on digital assets, effective since February 2023, which prohibits the issuance and trading of digital currencies and cryptocurrency exchange businesses without proper licensing.While challenges remain for crypto platforms within Kazakhstan, some have been successful in their efforts. In May, crypto derivatives trading platform Bybit was successful in gaining approval to offer its services within the country. Binance followed suit in June, securing preliminary approval. Other platforms such as CaspianEx, Biteeu, ATAIX, Upbit, Xignal and MT have been granted permission to conduct trade in Kazakhstan.In December 2020, Kazakhstan formally legalized cryptocurrency mining, and on May 6, 2021, the National Bank of Kazakhstan announced plans to issue a “digital tenge,” their version of a central bank digital currency (CBDC). Various CBDC-related projects have followed. In September, the National Payment Corporation, an entity which will be responsible for CBDC development, was launched. The same month, the National Bank of Kazakhstan entered into a collaboration with financial messaging service SWIFT to work on an interoperable CBDC connector.For the most part, these comprehensive regulations and the issuance of a CBDC signify Kazakhstan’s broader acceptance and adaptation to the cryptocurrency landscape. Authorities internationally are trying to find a balance between adequate regulation and enabling innovation to take place. Kazakhstan is no exception, and with that, there are bound to be challenges as regulatory frameworks are optimized and tweaked along the way.

In a widening crackdown on overseas crypto exchanges operating illegally in India, the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) has issued “compliance show-cause” notices to some of the leading global crypto platforms. In a statement published by the FIU on Thursday, the agency outlined that it has issued compliance show-cause notices to nine offshore virtual digital assets service providers. These include Bitfinex, Bittrex, Binance, Bitstamp, Gate.io, Huobi, Kraken, Kucoin and MEXC Global.Photo by Naveed Ahmed on UnsplashRequest to block URLsThe FIU has also called on the information ministry to block the URLs of these entities, citing their non-compliance with Anti Money Laundering (AML) and Counter Financing of Terrorism (CFT) frameworks. The FIU is a national agency tasked with receiving, analyzing and disseminating information to enforcement agencies where suspect financial transactions are concerned. The move comes as part of India’s broader efforts to tighten oversight of the digital asset sector. Earlier this year, the government imposed money-laundering provisions on the crypto industry, aligning its regulations with those of other nations. In 2022, local crypto exchanges were dealt a significant blow with the introduction of a transaction tax, leading to a sharp decline in trading volumes. Unregistered platformsAccording to the FIU statement, offshore entities, despite serving a substantial number of Indian users, were operating without proper registration under AML and CFT frameworks. To address this, the FIU issued show-cause notices — a formal request for entities to demonstrate compliance with Indian laws when suspected of misconduct. It emerged earlier this month that in excess of 28 crypto platforms had registered with the FIU. Those compliant platforms were largely native Indian businesses. If the FIU’s recommendation is followed and in due course, URL access to the cited overseas exchanges is blocked, this could potentially be a boon for complaint platforms like WazirX, CoinDCX and ZebPay, at least in the short term. India’s actions against Binance, in particular, are not new. In 2021, the country’s anti-money laundering agency was reportedly investigating Binance’s potential involvement in a case related to betting apps. Binance, the world’s largest crypto exchange, has faced increasing regulatory pressure globally. In November, the company agreed to a $4.3 billion settlement, pleading guilty to anti-money laundering and U.S. sanction violations. As part of the settlement, CEO Changpeng Zhao agreed to step down. Community reactionNews of this development has caused some disquiet among Indian crypto advocates. However, taking to social media, Web3 marketer Abhinav Kumar wrote: “This isn’t a sign that crypto trading is suddenly going to be banned. . . . It’s a routine thing. The government wants to make sure foreign companies play by the same rules as Indian ones. That’s fair enough! Also remember India has over 20 million crypto investors now.” Leading crypto adoptionDespite regulatory challenges, India has emerged as a significant player in the global crypto market. Chainalysis’ 2022 global crypto adoption index ranked India as the top country by raw estimated transaction volume, second only to the United States. Responding to the growing crypto adoption, India is actively working on a regulatory framework based on joint recommendations from the International Monetary Fund and the Financial Stability Board. The government’s actions underscore its commitment to ensuring compliance within the crypto sector and aligning with international standards.  

Dubai-headquartered crypto derivatives trading platform Bybit has moved to enable stock trading on its platform.  The offering, initially featuring 78 stocks, is being provided via Bybit’s MT5 platform, which includes access to various financial instruments including forex, commodities, contracts for difference (CFDs) and crypto, according to an announcement made by the company last week.Photo by Ishant Mishra on UnsplashStock derivatives via CFDsIndividual stocks are being offered in a pairing with U.S. dollar stablecoin USDT. Bybit’s MT5 is a trading platform originally developed by software company MetaQuotes, facilitating the integration of various asset classes within one platform. Enabled through the use of CFDs, holders of such stock-derived CFDs can receive dividend adjustments based upon the ex-dividend events of the underlying stocks. A trading fee of 0.04 USDT has been set, with a minimum charge of 5 USDT per order. Access to leading global equitiesBybit users will now be able to gain exposure to leading U.S. equities such as Apple (AAPL), Amazon (AMZN), Meta (META), Microsoft (MSFT) and Nvidia (NVDA). By adding this product to its multi-asset trading platform, Bybit has reduced a degree of friction for market participants. In pairing these stocks with USDT, it means that there is no fiat onboarding required and transferring funds in fiat from outside the crypto ecosystem is not required. In a press release, the firm asserted that the development was a “landmark move bridging traditional and decentralized finance.” Bybit further asserted that with this product launch, it has become “the first and only major crypto exchange to unify crypto, stocks, and traditional assets under one roof.” Previous offeringsA few years ago, global crypto exchange platform Binance had offered tokenized stocks through a partnership with German global financial services firm CM-Equity AG. However, it withdrew that product offering in 2021 when faced with growing regulatory pressure.  Failed crypto exchange FTX also offered its users exposure to tokenized stocks, which was also facilitated by CM-Equity AG. That product offering came to an abrupt halt in November 2022 when the platform collapsed. With a more positive regulatory position having been adopted in the United States following the election of U.S. President Donald Trump, tokenized stock offerings are emerging once again. In March Coinbase CFO Alesia Haas said that the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) could facilitate such offerings going forward. The U.S. crypto exchange platform has revived plans to tokenize its own COIN stock, alongside other securities.Bernstein analysts recently predicted that the crypto sector is moving towards integrated platforms that offer both traditional financial products alongside digital assets. Further evidence of this approach emerged on May 22 with the news that global crypto exchange platform Kraken plans to add access soon to a range of tokenized stocks for its global user base.  The company’s U.S. clients can already access in excess of 11,000 stocks and exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Blurring the lines further between TradFi and the digital assets space, JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon indicated last week that the investment bank will facilitate Bitcoin trading for clients from now on.